eMedicine Specialties > Rheumatology > Introduction

The Approach to the Painful Joint: Follow-up

Author: Alan Baer, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; Clinical Director, Johns Hopkins Rheumatology Practice at Good Samaritan Hospital; Chief of Rheumatology, Good Samaritan Hospital
Coauthor(s): Vinod Patel, MD, Medical Director, Jefferson Family Medicine Center; Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Family Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo; Robert McCormack, MD, Associate Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine, University at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Jan 2, 2009

Follow-up

Patient Education

 


More on The Approach to the Painful Joint

Overview: The Approach to the Painful Joint
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: The Approach to the Painful Joint
Treatment & Medication: The Approach to the Painful Joint
Follow-up: The Approach to the Painful Joint
References

References

  1. Woolf AD. How to assess musculoskeletal conditions. History and physical examination. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. Jun 2003;17(3):381-402. [Medline].

  2. Firestein GS. Evolving concepts of rheumatoid arthritis. Nature. May 15 2003;423(6937):356-61. [Medline].

  3. McGonagle D, Gibbon W, Emery P. Classification of inflammatory arthritis by enthesitis. Lancet. Oct 3 1998;352(9134):1137-40. [Medline].

  4. Underwood M. Diagnosis and management of gout. BMJ. Jun 3 2006;332(7553):1315-9. [Medline].

  5. Molloy ES, McCarthy GM. Calcium crystal deposition diseases: update on pathogenesis and manifestations. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. May 2006;32(2):383-400, vii. [Medline].

  6. Goldenberg DL. Septic arthritis. Lancet. Jan 17 1998;351(9097):197-202. [Medline].

  7. Hunter DJ, Felson DT. Osteoarthritis. BMJ. Mar 18 2006;332(7542):639-42. [Medline].

  8. Katz JN, Harris MB. Clinical practice. Lumbar spinal stenosis. N Engl J Med. Feb 21 2008;358(8):818-25. [Medline].

  9. American College of Rheumatology Ad Hoc Committee on Clinical Guidelines. Guidelines for the initial evaluation of the adult patient with acute musculoskeletal symptoms. American College of Rheumatology Ad Hoc Committee on Clinical Guidelines. Arthritis Rheum. Jan 1996;39(1):1-8. [Medline].

  10. Feinstein DE, Brent LH. The complexity of the differential diagnosis for the inflammatory arthritides. Postgrad Med. May 2006;Spec No:12-23. [Medline].

  11. Bliddal H, Danneskiold-Samsøe B. Chronic widespread pain in the spectrum of rheumatological diseases. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. Jun 2007;21(3):391-402. [Medline].

  12. Burbank KM, Stevenson JH, Czarnecki GR, et al. Chronic shoulder pain: part I. Evaluation and diagnosis. Am Fam Physician. Feb 15 2008;77(4):453-60. [Medline].

  13. Carragee EJ. Clinical practice. Persistent low back pain. N Engl J Med. May 5 2005;352(18):1891-8. [Medline].

  14. Selvarajan K, Vadivelu R, Green TP. Painful knee. Postgrad Med J. Sep 2004;80(947):556-8. [Medline].

  15. Maury EE, Flores RH. Acute monarthritis: diagnosis and management. Prim Care. Sep 2006;33(3):779-93. [Medline].

  16. [Best Evidence] Margaretten ME, Kohlwes J, Moore D, et al. Does this adult patient have septic arthritis?. JAMA. Apr 4 2007;297(13):1478-88. [Medline].

  17. D'Cruz DP. Systemic lupus erythematosus. BMJ. Apr 15 2006;332(7546):890-4. [Medline].

  18. Hamdulay SS, Glynne SJ, Keat A. When is arthritis reactive?. Postgrad Med J. Jul 2006;82(969):446-53. [Medline].

  19. Matsen FA 3rd. Clinical practice. Rotator-cuff failure. N Engl J Med. May 15 2008;358(20):2138-47. [Medline].

  20. Shojania K. Rheumatology: 2. What laboratory tests are needed?. CMAJ. Apr 18 2000;162(8):1157-63. [Medline].

  21. Mathews CJ, Coakley G. Acute hot joint. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). May 2006;67(5):232-4. [Medline].

  22. Jacobson JA, Girish G, Jiang Y, et al. Radiographic evaluation of arthritis: inflammatory conditions. Radiology. Aug 2008;248(2):378-89. [Medline].

  23. Stinton LM, Fritzler MJ. A clinical approach to autoantibody testing in systemic autoimmune rheumatic disorders. Autoimmun Rev. Nov 2007;7(1):77-84. [Medline].

  24. Shmerling RH. Diagnostic tests for rheumatic disease: clinical utility revisited. South Med J. Jul 2005;98(7):704-11; quiz 712-3, 728. [Medline].

  25. Ory PA. Radiography in the assessment of musculoskeletal conditions. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. Jun 2003;17(3):495-512. [Medline].

  26. Tan AL, Wakefield RJ, Conaghan PG, et al. Imaging of the musculoskeletal system: magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography and computed tomography. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. Jun 2003;17(3):513-28. [Medline].

  27. Shmerling RH, Delbanco TL, Tosteson AN, et al. Synovial fluid tests. What should be ordered?. JAMA. Aug 22-29 1990;264(8):1009-14. [Medline].

  28. Brannan SR, Jerrard DA. Synovial fluid analysis. J Emerg Med. Apr 2006;30(3):331-9. [Medline].

  29. Baker DG, Schumacher HR Jr. Acute monoarthritis. N Engl J Med. Sep 30 1993;329(14):1013-20. [Medline].

  30. Pinals RS. Polyarthritis and fever. N Engl J Med. Mar 17 1994;330(11):769-74. [Medline].

  31. Petersel DL, Sigal LH. Reactive arthritis. Infect Dis Clin North Am. Dec 2005;19(4):863-83. [Medline].

  32. Felson DT. Clinical practice. Osteoarthritis of the knee. N Engl J Med. Feb 23 2006;354(8):841-8. [Medline].

  33. Lane NE. Clinical practice. Osteoarthritis of the hip. N Engl J Med. Oct 4 2007;357(14):1413-21. [Medline].

Further Reading

Keywords

joint pain, painful joint, arthritis, monoarthritis, polyarthritis, synovitis, enthesitis, tendonitis, bursitis, rheumatoid arthritis, RA, osteoarthritis, seronegative spondyloarthropathy, sero-negative spondyloarthropathy rheumatic disorder, enthesopathy, joint crystal deposition, joint infection, cartilage destruction, infectious arthritis, inflammatory arthritides, gouty arthritis, gout, pseudogout, pseudo-gout, Reiter syndrome, Lyme arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, spondyloarthropathy, degenerative joint disease, acute rheumatic fever, ARF, rheumatic fever, RF, septic arthritis, supraspinatus tendinitis, subacromial bursitis, bursitis, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, DMARDs, disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Alan Baer, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University; Clinical Director, Johns Hopkins Rheumatology Practice at Good Samaritan Hospital; Chief of Rheumatology, Good Samaritan Hospital
Alan Baer, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians, American College of Rheumatology, and Phi Beta Kappa
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Vinod Patel, MD, Medical Director, Jefferson Family Medicine Center; Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Family Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo
Vinod Patel, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Family Physicians, American Medical Association, and North American Primary Care Research Group
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Robert McCormack, MD, Associate Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine, University at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
Robert McCormack, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Kristine M Lohr, MD, MS, Program Director, Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Women's Health, University of Kentucky School of Medicine
Kristine M Lohr, MD, MS is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American College of Rheumatology, and American Medical Women's Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: eMedicine Salary Employment

Managing Editor

Lawrence H Brent, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University; Chair, Program Director, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein Medical Center
Lawrence H Brent, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association of Immunologists, American College of Physicians, and American College of Rheumatology
Disclosure: Genentech Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Genentech Grant/research funds Other; Amgen Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Wyeth Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Abbott Immunology Honoraria Speaking and teaching

CME Editor

Alex J Mechaber, MD, FACP, Associate Dean for Undergraduate Medical Education, Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
Alex J Mechaber, MD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine, and Society of General Internal Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Herbert S Diamond, MD, Professor of Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine; Chairman Emeritus, Department of Internal Medicine, Western Pennsylvania Hospital
Herbert S Diamond, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians, American College of Rheumatology, American Medical Association, and Phi Beta Kappa
Disclosure: medifocus Honoraria Review panel membership; health dialogs Honoraria Consulting; West Penn Allegheny Health System None Board membership

 
 
HONcode

We subscribe to the
HONcode principles of the
Health On the Net Foundation

All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright© 1994- by Medscape.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.

DISCLAIMER: The content of this Website is not influenced by sponsors. The site is designed primarily for use by qualified physicians and other medical professionals. The information contained herein should NOT be used as a substitute for the advice of an appropriately qualified and licensed physician or other health care provider. The information provided here is for educational and informational purposes only. In no way should it be considered as offering medical advice. Please check with a physician if you suspect you are ill.