Multiple Sclerosis, Spine: Follow-up

References

1. Noseworthy JH, Lucchinetti C, Rodriguez M, et al. Multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. Sep 28 2000;343(13):938-52. [Medline].

2. Rosati G. The prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the world: an update. Neurol. Sci. 2001;22 (2):117–39. [Medline].

3. Parry-Jones AR, Mitchell JD, Gunarwardena WJ, et al. Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy associated with multiple sclerosis: Harding's syndrome. Pract Neurol. Apr 2008;8(2):118-21. [Medline].

4. Grossman RI, Yousem DM. Neuroradiology: The Requisites. St Louis, Mo: Mosby-Year Book; 1994.

5. Rovira-Canellas A, Alonso-Farre J, Rio-Izquierdo J. [Magnetic resonance in the clinical and therapeutic follow-up of multiple sclerosis]. Rev Neurol. May 16-31 2000;30(10):980-5. [Medline].

6. Agosta F, Absinta M, Sormani MP, et al. In vivo assessment of cervical cord damage in MS patients: a longitudinal diffusion tensor MRI study. Brain. Aug 2007;130:2211-9. [Medline].

7. LM Tartaglino, DP Friedman, AE Flanders, et al. Multiple sclerosis in the spinal cord: MR appearance and correlation with clinical parameters. Radiology. 1995;Vol 195:725-32. [Medline]. [Full Text].

8. Filippi M. Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. Oct 2000;6(5):320-6. [Medline].

9. Grossman RI, Barkhof F, Filippi M. Assessment of spinal cord damage in MS using MRI. J Neurol Sci. Jan 15 2000;172 Suppl 1:S36-9. [Medline].

10. Henning A, Schär M, Kollias SS, et al. Quantitative magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the entire human cervical spinal cord and beyond at 3T. Magn Reson Med. Apr 17 2008;[Medline].

11. Marliani AF, Clementi V, Albini-Riccioli L, et al. Quantitative proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the human cervical spinal cord at 3 Tesla. Magn Reson Med. Jan 2007;57(1):160-3. [Medline].

12. Filippi M, Yousry TA, Alkadhi H, et al. Spinal cord MRI in multiple sclerosis with multicoil arrays: a comparison between fast spin echo and fast FLAIR. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. Dec 1996;61(6):632-5. [Medline]. [Full Text].

13. Hittmair K, Mallek R, Prayer D, et al. Spinal cord lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis: comparison of MR pulse sequences. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. Sep 1996;17(8):1555-65. [Medline]. [Full Text].

14. Stevenson VL, Gawne-Cain ML, Barker GJ, et al. Imaging of the spinal cord and brain in multiple sclerosis: a comparative study between fast FLAIR and fast spin echo. J Neurol. Feb 1997;244(2):119-24. [Medline].

15. Filippi M, Bozzali M, Horsfield MA, et al. A conventional and magnetization transfer MRI study of the cervical cord in patients with MS. Neurology. Jan 11 2000;54(1):207-13. [Medline].

16. Finelli DA, Hurst GC, Karaman BA, et al. Use of magnetization transfer for improved contrast on gradient-echo MR images of the cervical spine. Radiology. Oct 1994;193(1):165-71. [Medline]. [Full Text].

17. Rocca MA, Mastronardo G, Horsfield MA, et al. Comparison of three MR sequences for the detection of cervical cord lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. Oct 1999;20(9):1710-6. [Medline]. [Full Text].

18. Poonawalla AH, Hou P, Nelson FA, et al. Cervical spinal cord lesions in multiple sclerosis: T1-weighted inversion-recovery MR imaging with phase-sensitive reconstruction. Radiology. Jan 2008;246(1):258-64. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Further Reading

Keywords

multiple sclerosis, spinal multiple sclerosis, multiple sclerosis of the spine, demyelinating process, brain lesions, spine lesions, perivenular inflammation, plaques, fibrillary gliosis, oligodendroglia, spinal MS, spinal multiple sclerosis, Devic neuromyelitis optica, optic neuritis

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Djamil Fertikh, MD, Attending Physician, Division of Radiology, Association of Alexandria Radiologists
Djamil Fertikh, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Radiology, American Medical Association, and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Michael L Brooks, MD, JD, FCLM, Clinical Associate Professor of Radiology, Drexel University School of Medicine; Adjunct Associate Professor of Radiology, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine; Director of Neuroradiology, Mercy Diagnostic Imaging
Michael L Brooks, MD, JD, FCLM is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Legal Medicine, American College of Radiology, American Society of Neuroradiology, American Society of Pediatric Neuroradiology, and American Society of Spine Radiology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Mahesh R Patel, MD, Chief of MRI, Department of Radiology, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center
Mahesh R Patel, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Roentgen Ray Society, American Society of Neuroradiology, and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Bernard D Coombs, MB, ChB, PhD, Consulting Staff, Department of Specialist Rehabilitation Services, Hutt Valley District Health Board, New Zealand
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Val Runge, MD, Robert and Alma Moreton Centennial Chair in Radiology, Professor, Editor-in-Chief of Investigative Radiology, Department of Radiology, Scott and White Clinic and Hospital
Val Runge, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Society for Health and Human Values
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Robert M Krasny, MD, Consulting Staff, Department of Radiology, The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute
Robert M Krasny, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Roentgen Ray Society and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

James G Smirniotopoulos, MD, Professor of Radiology, Neurology, and Biomedical Informatics, Chairman, Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
James G Smirniotopoulos, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Radiology, American Roentgen Ray Society, American Society of Head and Neck Radiology, American Society of Neuroradiology, American Society of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Association of University Radiologists, and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.