Multimedia
![]() | Media file 1: Radiograph of a boot-shaped heart in an infant with tetralogy of Fallot. |
![]() | Media file 2: Radiograph of an infant with tetralogy of Fallot and a right-sided aortic arch. |
![]() | Media file 3: Radiograph of an infant with tetralogy of Fallot (same patient as in Image 2). Note the anterior compression of the trachea by the large ascending aorta. |
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References
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Bernardes RJ, Marchiori E, Bernardes PM, et al. A comparison of magnetic resonance angiography with conventional angiography in the diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot. Cardiol Young. Jun 2006;16(3):281-8. [Medline].
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Li JS, Yow E, Berezny KY, et al. Clinical outcomes of palliative surgery including a systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt in infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease: does aspirin make a difference?. Circulation. Jul 17 2007;116(3):293-7. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Lim DS, Dent JM, Gutgesell HP, Matherne GP, Kron IL. Transesophageal echocardiographic guidance for surgical repair of aortic insufficiency in congenital heart disease. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. Jun 19 2007;epub ahead of print. [Medline].
Neches WH, Park SC, Ettedgui JA. Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia. In: Garson A, Bricker JT, Fisher DJ, Neish SR, eds. Science and Practice of Pediatric Cardiology. 2nd ed. Baltimore, Md: Williams & Wilkins; 1998:1383-411.
Oosterhof T, van Straten A, Vliegen HW, et al. Preoperative thresholds for pulmonary valve replacement in patients with corrected tetralogy of Fallot using cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Circulation. Jul 31 2007;116(5):545-51. [Medline].
Patel CR, Smith GL, Lane JR. Tetralogy of Fallot with an aortopulmonary septal defect: prenatal diagnosis. J Ultrasound Med. Aug 2007;26(8):1115-7. [Medline].
Sivakumar K, Krishnan P, Pieris R, Francis E. Hybrid approach to surgical correction of tetralogy of Fallot in all patients with functioning Blalock Taussig shunts. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. Aug 1 2007;70(2):256-64. [Medline].
Strife JL, Bisset GS III. Congenital aortic arch anomalies. In: Kirks DR, Griscom NT, eds. Practical Pediatric Imaging: Diagnostic Radiology of Infants and Children. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott-Raven; 1998:487-8.
Further Reading
Keywords
cyanotic congenital heart disease, right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, malalignment ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy












Multimedia: Tetralogy of Fallot