Ventricular Septal Defect: Multimedia

References

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2. Chadha SL, Singh N, Shukla DK. Epidemiological study of congenital heart disease. Indian J Pediatr. 2001;68(6):507-10. [Medline].

3. Mehta AV, Goenka S, Chidambaram B, Hamati F. Natural history of isolated ventricular septal defect in the first five years of life. Tenn Med. 2000;93(4):136-8. [Medline].

4. Moodie DS. Diagnosis and management of congenital heart disease in the adult. Cardiol Rev. 2001;9(5):276-81. [Medline].

5. Mukharji J, Sullivan L. Ventricular septal defect in the 9th decade. Mo Med. Sep 2001;98(9):468-9. [Medline].

6. Perello Roso A, Osa Saez A, Garcia Casco MP, et al. Bacterial endocarditis in an adult with ventricular septal defect. An Med Interna. 2001;18(7):396-7. [Medline].

7. Tomita H, Arakaki Y, Yagihara T, Echigo S. Incidence of spontaneous closure of outlet ventricular septal defect. Jpn Circ J. 2001;65(5):364-6. [Medline].

8. Berthaux XA, Brenot P, Angel C, et al. Multirow detector computed tomography assessment of intraseptal dissection and ventricular pseudoaneurysm in postinfarction ventricular septal defect. Circulation. 2001;104(4):497-8. [Medline].

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13. Weber C, Weber M, Ekinci O, Neumann T, Deetjen A, Rolf A, et al. Atrial septal defects type II: noninvasive evaluation of patients before implantation of an Amplatzer Septal Occluder and on follow-up by magnetic resonance imaging compared with TEE and invasive measurement. Eur Radiol. Jun 21 2008;[Medline].

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23. Bauriedel G, Redel DA, Schmitz C, et al. Transcatheter closure of a posttraumatic ventricular septal defect with an Amplatzer occluder device. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2001;53(4):508-12. [Medline].

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25. Okubo M, Benson LN, Nykanen D, et al. Outcomes of intraoperative device closure of muscular ventricular septal defects. Ann Thorac Surg. 2001;72(2):416-23. [Medline].

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Further Reading

Suspected congenital heart disease in the adult.
American College of Radiology - Medical Specialty Society.  1998 (revised 2007).  8 pages.  NGC:005988

Keywords

ventricular septal defect, VSD, interventricular septal defect, heart septal defect, membranous VSD, cardiac malformation, congenital cardiac anomaly, interventricular septum, restrictive ventricular septal defect, restrictive VSD, Eisenmenger syndrome, interventricular foramen, congenital heart defect, congenital heart disease, septal defect

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Vibhuti N Singh, MD, MPH, FACC, FSCAI, Director, Suncoast Cardiovascular Center; Chair, Cardiology Division and Cath Labs, Department of Medicine, Bayfront Medical Center; Clinical Assistant Professor, Division of Cardiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine
Vibhuti N Singh, MD, MPH, FACC, FSCAI is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Cardiology, American College of Physicians, American Heart Association, American Medical Association, and Florida Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Rakesh K Sharma, MBBS, FACC, FACP, Interventional Cardiologist, The Heart and Vascular Institute of Florida
Rakesh K Sharma, MBBS, FACC, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Cardiology, American College of International Physicians, American College of Physicians, American Heart Association, and American Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Hanumanth K Reddy, MD, FACC, Clinical Professor of Medicine, St Louis University Medical School; Associate Chief, Department of Cardiovascular Services, Three Rivers Healthcare
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Navin C Nanda, MD, FACC, Director, Heart Station and Echocardiography Laboratories, Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Justin D Pearlman, MD, PhD, ME, MA, Director of Dartmouth Advanced Imaging Center, Professor of Medicine, Professor of Radiology, Adjunct Professor, Thayer Bioengineering and Computer Science, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center
Justin D Pearlman, MD, PhD, ME, MA is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Cardiology, American College of Physicians, American Federation for Medical Research, International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Bernard D Coombs, MB, ChB, PhD, Consulting Staff, Department of Specialist Rehabilitation Services, Hutt Valley District Health Board, New Zealand
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

John D Newell, Jr, MD, FACR, FCCP, FASER, Co-Director of Thoracic Imaging, UCDHSC; Director of Lung Imaging Center, Professor of Radiology and Professor of Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, National Jewish Medical and Research Center; Univ. Colorado Hospital
John D Newell, Jr, MD, FACR, FCCP, FASER is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Radiology, American Roentgen Ray Society, American Thoracic Society, Association of University Radiologists, Radiological Society of North America, and Society of Thoracic Radiology
Disclosure: Siemens Medical Grant/research funds Consulting; Forevision Technologies Ownership interest Consulting; Vida Corporation Ownership interest Board membership; TeraRecon Grant/research funds Consulting; eMedicine Honoraria Consulting

CME Editor

Robert M Krasny, MD, Consulting Staff, Department of Radiology, The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute
Robert M Krasny, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Roentgen Ray Society and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Eugene C Lin, MD, Clinical Assistant Professor of Radiology, University of Washington Medical School
Eugene C Lin, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Nuclear Medicine, American College of Radiology, Radiological Society of North America, and Society of Nuclear Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.