eMedicine Specialties > Radiology > Genitourinary

Adrenal Adenoma: Follow-up

Author: Perry J Horwich, MD, Staff Physician, Instructor of Radiology, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel - Deaconess Medical Center
Coauthor(s): Stephen A Okon, MD, Consulting Staff, Assistant Professor of Radiology, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Medical Center
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: May 4, 2009

Intervention

Percutaneous adrenal core-needle biopsy, a technically challenging procedure, is used in 85% of patients to obtain an adequate specimen for analysis. The procedure has a 3% rate of complications, which include pneumothorax and hemorrhage.

Biopsy of the left adrenal gland with an anterior approach may lead to pancreatitis.

The histologic and cytologic results from needle biopsy samples of the adrenal gland are reliable in differentiating metastatic lesions from adenomas. However, they are less useful in distinguishing between adrenal adenoma and adrenal adenocarcinoma.

 


More on Adrenal Adenoma

Overview: Adrenal Adenoma
Imaging: Adrenal Adenoma
Follow-up: Adrenal Adenoma
Multimedia: Adrenal Adenoma
References
Further Reading

References

  1. Bovio S, Cataldi A, Reimondo G, Sperone P, Novello S, Berruti A, et al. Prevalence of adrenal incidentaloma in a contemporary computerized tomography series. J Endocrinol Invest. Apr 2006;29(4):298-302. [Medline].

  2. Boland GW, Lee MJ, Gazelle GS, Halpern EF, McNicholas MM, Mueller PR. Characterization of adrenal masses using unenhanced CT: an analysis of the CT literature. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Jul 1998;171(1):201-4. [Medline].

  3. Ho LM, Paulson EK, Brady MJ, Wong TZ, Schindera ST. Lipid-poor adenomas on unenhanced CT: does histogram analysis increase sensitivity compared with a mean attenuation threshold?. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Jul 2008;191(1):234-8. [Medline].

  4. Halefoglu AM, Bas N, Yasar A, Basak M. Differentiation of adrenal adenomas from nonadenomas using CT histogram analysis method: A prospective study. Eur J Radiol. Jan 21 2009;[Medline].

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  6. Khati NJ, Javitt MC, Schwartz AM. Adrenal adenoma and hematoma mimicking a collision tumor at MR imaging. Radiographics. Jan-Feb 1999;19(1):235-9. [Medline].

  7. Yoh T, Hosono M, Komeya Y, Im SW, Ashikaga R, Shimono T, et al. Quantitative evaluation of norcholesterol scintigraphy, CT attenuation value, and chemical-shift MR imaging for characterizing adrenal adenomas. Ann Nucl Med. Jul 2008;22(6):513-9. [Medline].

  8. Korobkin M. CT characterization of adrenal masses: the time has come. Radiology. Dec 2000;217(3):629-32. [Medline].

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  11. Otal P, Escourrou G, Mazerolles C, et al. Imaging features of uncommon adrenal masses with histopathologic correlation. Radiographics. May-Jun 1999;19(3):569-81. [Medline].

  12. Boland GW, Blake MA, Hahn PF, Mayo-Smith WW. Incidental adrenal lesions: principles, techniques, and algorithms for imaging characterization. Radiology. Dec 2008;249(3):756-75. [Medline].

  13. Pena CS, Boland GW, Hahn PF, et al. Characterization of indeterminate (lipid-poor) adrenal masses: use of washout characteristics at contrast-enhanced CT. Radiology. Dec 2000;217(3):798-802. [Medline].

  14. Hood MN, Ho VB, Smirniotopoulos JG, Szumowski J. Chemical shift: the artifact and clinical tool revisited. Radiographics. Mar-Apr 1999;19(2):357-71. [Medline].

  15. Clinical Trials (PDQ®). Adrenal Scans With Radioiodine-Labeled Norcholesterol (NP-59). National Cancer Institute. Available at http://www.cancer.gov/search/ViewClinicalTrials.aspx?cdrid=585137&version=HealthProfessional&protocolsearchid=5407345#ContactInfo_CDR0000585137. Accessed November 10, 2008.

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Further Reading

Related eMedicine topics

Adrenal Adenoma (Endocrinology)

Adrenal Carcinoma

Adrenal Metastases

Adrenal Surgery

Clinical guidelines

ACR Appropriateness Criteria® incidentally discovered adrenal mass. American College of Radiology - Medical Specialty Society.  2000 (revised 2007).  8 pages.  NGC:005995

Stereotactic radiosurgery for patients with pituitary adenomas. IRSA - Professional Association.  2004 Apr.  12 pages.  NGC:003598

Clinical trials

Study of Adrenal Gland Tumors

Adrenal Scans With Radioiodine-Labeled Norcholesterol (NP-59)

Adrenal Tumors - Pathogenesis and Therapy

Keywords

adrenal adenoma, adrenal cortical nodular hyperplasia, adrenal tumor, adrenal gland tumor, benign adrenal tumor, adrenal cortical adenoma

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Perry J Horwich, MD, Staff Physician, Instructor of Radiology, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel - Deaconess Medical Center
Perry J Horwich, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Radiology, International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Stephen A Okon, MD, Consulting Staff, Assistant Professor of Radiology, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Medical Center
Stephen A Okon, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Medical Association and American Roentgen Ray Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Glenn Krinsky, MD, Chief of Abdominal Imaging Section, Associate Professor, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine
Glenn Krinsky, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Bernard D Coombs, MB, ChB, PhD, Consulting Staff, Department of Specialist Rehabilitation Services, Hutt Valley District Health Board, New Zealand
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Arnold C Friedman, MD, FACR, Associate Chairman, Department of Radiology, University of Florida Health Science Center; Chief, Department of Radiology, Shands-Jacksonville Hospital
Arnold C Friedman, MD, FACR is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Radiology, American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, American Roentgen Ray Society, Association of University Radiologists, and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Robert M Krasny, MD, Consulting Staff, Department of Radiology, Resolution Imaging Medical Corporation
Robert M Krasny, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Roentgen Ray Society and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Eugene C Lin, MD, Consulting Radiologist, Virginia Mason Medical Center; Clinical Assistant Professor of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine
Eugene C Lin, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Nuclear Medicine, American College of Radiology, Radiological Society of North America, and Society of Nuclear Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

 
 
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