Multimedia
 | Media file 1: Diagram shows how the vascular supply to the femoral head is maintained by the retinacular blood vessels in the pertrochanteric fracture of the femur. |
 | Media file 2: Diagram shows how a subcapital fracture of the femoral neck cuts off of the blood supply to the femoral head, resulting in osteonecrosis. |
 | Media file 3: Diagram shows the blood supply to the humeral head. |
 | Media file 4: Diagram shows the blood supply to the talus via the artery of the tarsal canal. |
 | Media file 5: Diagram shows the blood supply to the scaphoid bone. |
 | Media file 6: Plain radiograph in a middle-aged man with shoulder discomfort demonstrates an irregularly calcified bone infarct in the diametaphysis of the right humerus. |
 | Media file 7: Coronal T1-weighted MRI in a 12-year-old boy with early Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease demonstrates slight irregularity of the right femoral capital epiphysis with abnormal signal intensity. The left hip appears normal. |
 | Media file 8: Coronal T1 weighted MR image of a 20-year-old woman with bilateral late-stage Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease demonstrates flattening of the right femoral head and acetabulum. |
 | Media file 9: Coronal T1-weighted MRI of the left hip in the patient in Image 8, shows a short, broad femoral neck. This bone remodeling is associated with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (same patient as in Image 8 in Multimedia). |
 | Media file 10: Plain radiograph in a 68-year-old man with hip pain demonstrates patchy sclerosis of both femoral heads that is consistent with avascular necrosis. |
 | Media file 11: Radionuclide bone scan of the pelvis in a 68-year-old man with hip pain demonstrates a bilateral central area of diminished uptake surrounded by a zone of increased uptake in the femoral head consistent with avascular necrosis (same patient as in Image 10 in Multimedia). |
 | Media file 12: Plain radiograph of the pelvis in a man demonstrates collapse of the left femoral head due to osteonecrosis. |
 | Media file 13: Coronal T2-weighted MRI in a 35-year-old man with bilateral avascular necrosis of the hip demonstrates a central region of increased signal intensity and a peripheral region of decreased signal intensity. The double-line sign is characteristic of osteonecrosis. |
 | Media file 14: Coronal T1-weighted MRI in a 42-year-old man with bilateral avascular necrosis shows an area of osteonecrosis in both femoral heads in which a serpentine area of low signal intensity surrounds a central area of intermediate signal intensity similar to that of fat. |
 | Media file 15: Coronal T2-weighted MRI of the patient seen in Image 14. |
 | Media file 16: Plain radiograph of the right knee joint in a 52-year-old woman with abrupt onset of right knee pain demonstrates subtle loss of bone density in the proximal aspect of the tibia (arrow). |
 | Media file 17: Radionuclide bone scan of the right knee joint in a 52-year-old woman with abrupt onset of right knee pain shows increased accumulation of the isotope in the medial aspect of the tibia plateau consistent with spontaneous osteonecrosis (same patient as in Image 16 in Multimedia). |
 | Media file 18: Posttraumatic osteonecrosis of the right femoral head in a woman. Note the arclike subchondral radiolucency secondary to subchondral fracture and collapse. |
 | Media file 19: Plain radiograph of the left wrist in a man with posttraumatic osteonecrosis of the scaphoid bone shows sclerosis of the proximal portion of the scaphoid bone. |
 | Media file 20: Plain radiograph of the right wrist of a man demonstrates sclerosis, irregularity, and collapse of the lunate bone consistent with osteonecrosis Kienböck disease. |
 | Media file 21: Osteonecrosis of the third metatarsal head (ie, Freiberg disease) in a 60-year-old woman is shown as flattening of the third metatarsal head, widening of the third metatarsal, and expansion of the corresponding proximal phalangeal base. |
 | Media file 22: Plain radiograph of the left ankle in a patient with ankle injury demonstrates subchondral radiolucent band (arrow) in proximal talus, the Hawkins impingement sign, which represents bone resorption and an intact blood supply. |
 | Media file 23: Plain radiograph of the left ankle in an adult patient with osteonecrosis of the talus. Note the increased radiopacity of the body of the talus. |
 | Media file 24: Patchy irregular sclerotic lesion characteristic of bone infarct is seen in the proximal metadiaphysis of right humerus in a patient with pancreatitis. |
 | Media file 25: Radioisotopic bone scan of the right humerus in a patient with pancreatitis shows a hot lesion, the result of revascularization, which is a part of the reparative process. |
 | Media file 26: Plain abdominal radiograph in a patient with sickle cell disease shows generalized coarsening of the bone trabeculae with characteristic H-shaped vertebrae due to a growth disturbance. Note the calcified and contracted spleen (same patient as in Image 25 in Multimedia). |
 | Media file 27: Lateral view of the knee in a deep-sea diver shows dysbaric osteonecrosis in the diaphysis of the femur and tibia. Note the irregular calcific deposits with a shell-like pattern, which is typical of a bone infarct. |
 | Media file 28: Plain abdominal radiograph in a 19-year-old man with hemophilia. Osteonecrosis of the right humeral head is associated with calcified hematoma in the left groin. |
 | Media file 29: Sagittal T1-weighted MRI of the cervical spine in a 37-year-old woman who underwent radiation therapy for a slow-growing cystic glioma of the cervical cord. The fatty marrow change in vertebral bodies C4 through T1 is a result of radiation-induced ischemia. Note the posterior vertebral scalloping of the C7 and T1 due to long-standing spinal cord expansion caused by the tumor. |
More on Bone Infarct |
| Overview: Bone Infarct |
| Imaging: Bone Infarct |
| Follow-up: Bone Infarct |
 Multimedia: Bone Infarct |
| References |
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References
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Further Reading
Keywords
osteonecrosis, aseptic necrosis, avascular necrosis, ischemic necrosis, metaphyseal lesion, diaphyseal lesions, bone blood supply, ischemic bone death, bone necrosis, bone death, bone infarction, idiopathic osteonecrosis, secondary osteonecrosis, Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, slipped femoral capital epiphysis, bone infarction, spontaneous bone infarct, AVN, traumatic osteonecrosis, Gaucher disease, hemophilia, Caisson disease, dysbaric osteonecrosis, pancreatitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, radiation-induced osteonecrosis
