eMedicine Specialties > Radiology > Musculoskeletal

Bone Metastases: Multimedia

Author: Wilfred CG Peh, MD, MBBS, FRCP(Glasg), FRCP(Edin), FRCR, MHSM, Clinical Professor, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Senior Consultant Radiologist, Programme Office, Singapore Health Services
Coauthor(s): Malai Muttarak, MD, Professor, Department of Radiology, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Mar 20, 2008

Multimedia

Bone metastases to the finger. Radiograph shows a...Media file 1: Bone metastases to the finger. Radiograph shows a destructive expanded osteolytic lesion in the metacarpal of the thumb in a 55-year-old man with lung carcinoma.
Bone metastases to the finger. Radiograph shows a...

Bone metastases to the finger. Radiograph shows a destructive expanded osteolytic lesion in the metacarpal of the thumb in a 55-year-old man with lung carcinoma.

Pathologic fracture. Radiograph shows a displaced...Media file 2: Pathologic fracture. Radiograph shows a displaced fracture through an osteolytic lesion in the distal femur of a 53-year-old woman with lung carcinoma.
Pathologic fracture. Radiograph shows a displaced...

Pathologic fracture. Radiograph shows a displaced fracture through an osteolytic lesion in the distal femur of a 53-year-old woman with lung carcinoma.

Spinal epidural compression in a 70-year-old man ...Media file 3: Spinal epidural compression in a 70-year-old man with leg weakness. Lateral lumbar myelogram shows a complete epidural block due to a destructive osteolytic lesion of the L3 vertebral body. Lumbar puncture was performed at the L2-3 level.
Spinal epidural compression in a 70-year-old man ...

Spinal epidural compression in a 70-year-old man with leg weakness. Lateral lumbar myelogram shows a complete epidural block due to a destructive osteolytic lesion of the L3 vertebral body. Lumbar puncture was performed at the L2-3 level.

Lateral radiograph shows mixed osteolytic-sclerot...Media file 4: Lateral radiograph shows mixed osteolytic-sclerotic bone metastases in the skull vault.
Lateral radiograph shows mixed osteolytic-sclerot...

Lateral radiograph shows mixed osteolytic-sclerotic bone metastases in the skull vault.

Radiograph shows osteolytic metastasis in the dis...Media file 5: Radiograph shows osteolytic metastasis in the distal femur of a 51-year-old woman with breast carcinoma.
Radiograph shows osteolytic metastasis in the dis...

Radiograph shows osteolytic metastasis in the distal femur of a 51-year-old woman with breast carcinoma.

Lateral radiograph shows sclerotic metastasis of ...Media file 6: Lateral radiograph shows sclerotic metastasis of the L2 vertebra in a 54-year-old man with prostatic carcinoma.
Lateral radiograph shows sclerotic metastasis of ...

Lateral radiograph shows sclerotic metastasis of the L2 vertebra in a 54-year-old man with prostatic carcinoma.

Axial CT scan shows 2 rounded, mixed osteolytic-s...Media file 7: Axial CT scan shows 2 rounded, mixed osteolytic-sclerotic lesions in the thoracic vertebral body of a 44-year-old woman with lung carcinoma.
Axial CT scan shows 2 rounded, mixed osteolytic-s...

Axial CT scan shows 2 rounded, mixed osteolytic-sclerotic lesions in the thoracic vertebral body of a 44-year-old woman with lung carcinoma.

Axial CT scan shows a destructive osteolytic lesi...Media file 8: Axial CT scan shows a destructive osteolytic lesion in the left acetabulum of a woman with vulval carcinoma. Soft-tissue extension into the pelvic cavity is present.
Axial CT scan shows a destructive osteolytic lesi...

Axial CT scan shows a destructive osteolytic lesion in the left acetabulum of a woman with vulval carcinoma. Soft-tissue extension into the pelvic cavity is present.

CT-guided biopsy was performed in the left ilium ...Media file 9: CT-guided biopsy was performed in the left ilium of a 50-year-old woman with an unknown primary tumor. Axial CT scan obtained with the patient lying prone shows the tip of the 17-gauge bone biopsy needle in the osteolytic lesion. Histologic analysis demonstrated adenocarcinoma of the lung.
CT-guided biopsy was performed in the left ilium ...

CT-guided biopsy was performed in the left ilium of a 50-year-old woman with an unknown primary tumor. Axial CT scan obtained with the patient lying prone shows the tip of the 17-gauge bone biopsy needle in the osteolytic lesion. Histologic analysis demonstrated adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Sagittal spin-echo T2-weighted MRI shows hypointe...Media file 10: Sagittal spin-echo T2-weighted MRI shows hypointense lesions in the T10 and L3 vertebrae in a 66-year-old man with lung carcinoma (same patient as in Image 11). The tumor involves the T10 pedicle.
Sagittal spin-echo T2-weighted MRI shows hypointe...

Sagittal spin-echo T2-weighted MRI shows hypointense lesions in the T10 and L3 vertebrae in a 66-year-old man with lung carcinoma (same patient as in Image 11). The tumor involves the T10 pedicle.

Sagittal short-tau inversion recovery MRI shows h...Media file 11: Sagittal short-tau inversion recovery MRI shows hyperintense lesions in the T10 and L3 vertebrae, with T10 pedicular involvement in the same patient as in Image 10.
Sagittal short-tau inversion recovery MRI shows h...

Sagittal short-tau inversion recovery MRI shows hyperintense lesions in the T10 and L3 vertebrae, with T10 pedicular involvement in the same patient as in Image 10.

Sagittal short-tau inversion recovery MRI image ...Media file 12: Sagittal short-tau inversion recovery MRI image shows severe compression of the L1 vertebra with retropulsion in a 68-year-old man with thyroid carcinoma (same patient as in Images 13-15). Affected T11-L2 vertebrae show signal hyperintensity, posterior vertebral body marginal bulging, and spinal canal narrowing.
Sagittal short-tau inversion recovery MRI image ...

Sagittal short-tau inversion recovery MRI image shows severe compression of the L1 vertebra with retropulsion in a 68-year-old man with thyroid carcinoma (same patient as in Images 13-15). Affected T11-L2 vertebrae show signal hyperintensity, posterior vertebral body marginal bulging, and spinal canal narrowing.

Sagittal gadolinium-enhanced spin-echo T1-weighte...Media file 13: Sagittal gadolinium-enhanced spin-echo T1-weighted MRI image shows heterogeneous enhancement of the T11-L2 vertebrae, with prominent epidural component enhancement and spinal canal compromise in the same patient as in Images 12, 14, and 15.
Sagittal gadolinium-enhanced spin-echo T1-weighte...

Sagittal gadolinium-enhanced spin-echo T1-weighted MRI image shows heterogeneous enhancement of the T11-L2 vertebrae, with prominent epidural component enhancement and spinal canal compromise in the same patient as in Images 12, 14, and 15.

Axial spin-echo T1-weighted MRI shows tumor exten...Media file 14: Axial spin-echo T1-weighted MRI shows tumor extension from the L1 vertebral body and left pedicle into the left psoas muscle and epidural space, with resultant spinal cord compression in the same patient as in Images 12, 13, and 15.
Axial spin-echo T1-weighted MRI shows tumor exten...

Axial spin-echo T1-weighted MRI shows tumor extension from the L1 vertebral body and left pedicle into the left psoas muscle and epidural space, with resultant spinal cord compression in the same patient as in Images 12, 13, and 15.

Axial gadolinium-enhanced spin-echo T1-weighted M...Media file 15: Axial gadolinium-enhanced spin-echo T1-weighted MRI shows heterogeneous enhancement of the soft tissue component of the L1 vertebral metastatic tumor in the same patient as in Images 12-14.
Axial gadolinium-enhanced spin-echo T1-weighted M...

Axial gadolinium-enhanced spin-echo T1-weighted MRI shows heterogeneous enhancement of the soft tissue component of the L1 vertebral metastatic tumor in the same patient as in Images 12-14.

Axial gadolinium-enhanced spin-echo T1-weighted M...Media file 16: Axial gadolinium-enhanced spin-echo T1-weighted MRI of the T3 vertebra shows a ring-enhancing lesion and an expansile metastatic left rib deposit in a 43-year-old woman with breast carcinoma.
Axial gadolinium-enhanced spin-echo T1-weighted M...

Axial gadolinium-enhanced spin-echo T1-weighted MRI of the T3 vertebra shows a ring-enhancing lesion and an expansile metastatic left rib deposit in a 43-year-old woman with breast carcinoma.

Typical scintigraphic pattern of bone metastases ...Media file 17: Typical scintigraphic pattern of bone metastases in a 60-year-old man with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Posterior technetium-99m bone scintiscan shows multiple randomly distributed focal lesions scattered throughout the skeleton, particularly the spine, ribs, and pelvis.
Typical scintigraphic pattern of bone metastases ...

Typical scintigraphic pattern of bone metastases in a 60-year-old man with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Posterior technetium-99m bone scintiscan shows multiple randomly distributed focal lesions scattered throughout the skeleton, particularly the spine, ribs, and pelvis.

Posterior technetium-99m bone scintiscan shows di...Media file 18: Posterior technetium-99m bone scintiscan shows diffuse and intense uptake in most of the bones in a 79-year-old man with prostatic carcinoma. Patchy rib lesions are seen. Renal uptake is absent.
Posterior technetium-99m bone scintiscan shows di...

Posterior technetium-99m bone scintiscan shows diffuse and intense uptake in most of the bones in a 79-year-old man with prostatic carcinoma. Patchy rib lesions are seen. Renal uptake is absent.

More on Bone Metastases

Overview: Bone Metastases
Imaging: Bone Metastases
Follow-up: Bone Metastases
Multimedia: Bone Metastases
References

References

  1. Downey SE, Wilson M, Boggis C, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of bone metastases: a diagnostic and screening technique. Br J Surg. Aug 1997;84(8):1093-4. [Medline].

  2. Peh WC. Screening for bone metastases. Am J Orthop. May 2000;29(5):405. [Medline].

  3. Traill ZC, Talbot D, Golding S, Gleeson FV. Magnetic resonance imaging versus radionuclide scintigraphy in screening for bone metastases. Clin Radiol. Jul 1999;54(7):448-51. [Medline].

  4. Salmon JM, Kilpatrick SE. Pathology of skeletal metastases. Orthop Clin North Am. Oct 2000;31(4):537-44, vii-viii. [Medline].

  5. Clines GA, Guise TA. Molecular mechanisms and treatment of bone metastasis. Expert Rev Mol Med. Mar 6 2008;10:e7. [Medline].

  6. Schaberg J, Gainor BJ. A profile of metastatic carcinoma of the spine. Spine. Jan-Feb 1985;10(1):19-20. [Medline].

  7. Galasko CS, Sylvester BS. Back pain in patients treated for malignant tumours. Clin Oncol. Sep 1978;4(3):273-83. [Medline].

  8. Baker LL, Goodman SB, Perkash I, et al. Benign versus pathologic compression fractures of vertebral bodies: assessment with conventional spin-echo, chemical-shift, and STIR MR imaging. Radiology. Feb 1990;174(2):495-502. [Medline].

  9. Bellamy EA, Nicholas D, Ward M, et al. Comparison of computed tomography and conventional radiology in the assessment of treatment response of lytic bony metastases in patients with carcinoma of the breast. Clin Radiol. Jul 1987;38(4):351-5. [Medline].

  10. Libshitz HI, Hortobagyi GN. Radiographic evaluation of therapeutic response in bony metastases of breast cancer. Skeletal Radiol. 1981;7(3):159-65. [Medline].

  11. Merrick MV, Beales JS, Garvie N, Leonard RC. Evaluation and skeletal metastases. Br J Radiol. Sep 1992;65(777):803-6. [Medline].

  12. Aitchison FA, Poon FW, Hadley MD, et al. Vertebral metastases and an equivocal bone scan: value of magnetic resonance imaging. Nucl Med Commun. Jun 1992;13(6):429-31. [Medline].

  13. Evans AJ, Robertson JF. Magnetic resonance imaging versus radionuclide scintigraphy for screening in bone metastases. Clin Radiol. Aug 2000;55(8):653; discussion 653-4. [Medline].

  14. Gosfield E 3rd, Alavi A, Kneeland B. Comparison of radionuclide bone scans and magnetic resonance imaging in detecting spinal metastases. J Nucl Med. Dec 1993;34(12):2191-8. [Medline].

  15. Steiner RM, Mitchell DG, Rao VM, Schweitzer ME. Magnetic resonance imaging of diffuse bone marrow disease. Radiol Clin North Am. Mar 1993;31(2):383-409. [Medline].

  16. Algra PR, Bloem JL, Tissing H, et al. Detection of vertebral metastases: comparison between MR imaging and bone scintigraphy. Radiographics. Mar 1991;11(2):219-32. [Medline].

  17. Frank JA, Ling A, Patronas NJ, et al. Detection of malignant bone tumors: MR imaging vs scintigraphy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Nov 1990;155(5):1043-8. [Medline].

  18. Kattapuram SV, Khurana JS, Scott JA, el-Khoury GY. Negative scintigraphy with positive magnetic resonance imaging in bone metastases. Skeletal Radiol. 1990;19(2):113-6. [Medline].

  19. Dickinson F, Liddicoat A, Dhingsa R, Finlay D. Magnetic resonance imaging versus radionuclide scintigraphy for screening in bone metastases. Clin Radiol. Aug 2000;55(8):653. [Medline].

  20. Merrick MV. Bone scintigraphy--an update. Clin Radiol. May 1989;40(3):231-2. [Medline].

  21. Ell PJ. Skeletal imaging in metastatic disease. Curr Opin Radiol. Dec 1991;3(6):791-6. [Medline].

  22. Gold RI, Seeger LL, Bassett LW, Steckel RJ. An integrated approach to the evaluation of metastatic bone disease. Radiol Clin North Am. Mar 1990;28(2):471-83. [Medline].

  23. Jaovisidha S, Subhadrabandhu T, Siriwongpairat P, Pochanugool L. An integrated approach to the evaluation of osseous tumors. Orthop Clin North Am. Jan 1998;29(1):19-39. [Medline].

  24. Kagan AR, Bassett LW, Steckel RJ, Gold RH. Radiologic contributions to cancer management. Bone metastases. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Aug 1986;147(2):305-12. [Medline].

  25. Martin WH, Delbeke D, Patton JA, Sandler MP. Detection of malignancies with SPECT versus PET, with 2-[fluorine- 18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose. Radiology. Jan 1996;198(1):225-31. [Medline].

  26. Aoki J, Inoue T, Tomiyoshi K, et al. Nuclear imaging of bone tumors: FDG-PET. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. Jun 2001;5(2):183-7. [Medline].

  27. Cook GJ, Fogelman I. Detection of bone metastases in cancer patients by 18F-fluoride and 18F- fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Q J Nucl Med. Mar 2001;45(1):47-52. [Medline].

  28. Cook GJ, Fogelman I. The role of positron emission tomography in the management of bone metastases. Cancer. Jun 15 2000;88(12 Suppl):2927-33. [Medline].

  29. Delbeke D, Martin WH. Positron emission tomography imaging in oncology. Radiol Clin North Am. Sep 2001;39(5):883-917. [Medline].

  30. Schirrmeister H, Guhlmann A, Kotzerke J, et al. Early detection and accurate description of extent of metastatic bone disease in breast cancer with fluoride ion and positron emission tomography. J Clin Oncol. Aug 1999;17(8):2381-9. [Medline].

  31. Hortobagyi GN, Libshitz HI, Seabold JE. Osseous metastases of breast cancer. Clinical, biochemical, radiographic, and scintigraphic evaluation of response to therapy. Cancer. Feb 1 1984;53(3):577-82. [Medline].

  32. Rutgers EJ, van Slooten EA, Kluck HM. Follow-up after treatment of primary breast cancer. Br J Surg. Feb 1989;76(2):187-90. [Medline].

  33. Sanal SM, Flickinger FW, Caudell MJ, Sherry RM. Detection of bone marrow involvement in breast cancer with magnetic resonance imaging. J Clin Oncol. Jul 1994;12(7):1415-21. [Medline].

  34. Petrut B, Trinkaus M, Simmons C, Clemons M. A primer of bone metastases management in breast cancer patients. Curr Oncol. Jan 2008;15(Supplement 1):S50-7. [Medline].

  35. Pollen JJ, Reznek RH, Talner LB. Lysis of osteoblastic lesions in prostatic cancer: a sign of progression. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Jun 1984;142(6):1175-9. [Medline].

  36. Kuhlman JE, Fishman EK, Leichner PK, et al. Skeletal metastases from hepatoma: frequency, distribution, and radiographic features. Radiology. Jul 1986;160(1):175-8. [Medline].

  37. Muindi J, Coombes RC, Golding S, et al. The role of computed tomography in the detection of bone metastases in breast cancer patients. Br J Radiol. Apr 1983;56(664):233-6. [Medline].

  38. Durning P, Best JJ, Sellwood RA. Recognition of metastatic bone disease in cancer of the breast by computed tomography. Clin Oncol. Dec 1983;9(4):343-6. [Medline].

  39. Steinborn MM, Heuck AF, Tiling R, et al. Whole-body bone marrow MRI in patients with metastatic disease to the skeletal system. J Comput Assist Tomogr. Jan-Feb 1999;23(1):123-9. [Medline].

  40. Eustace S, Tello R, DeCarvalho V, et al. A comparison of whole-body turbo STIR MR imaging and planar 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate scintigraphy in the examination of patients with suspected skeletal metastases. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Dec 1997;169(6):1655-61. [Medline].

  41. Jones AL, Williams MP, Powles TJ, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of skeletal metastases in patients with breast cancer. Br J Cancer. Aug 1990;62(2):296-8. [Medline].

  42. Schweitzer ME, Levine C, Mitchell DG, et al. Bull's-eyes and halos: useful MR discriminators of osseous metastases. Radiology. Jul 1993;188(1):249-52. [Medline].

  43. Flickinger FW, Sanal SM. Bone marrow MRI: techniques and accuracy for detecting breast cancer metastases. Magn Reson Imaging. 1994;12(6):829-35. [Medline].

  44. Shih TT, Huang KM, Li YW. Solitary vertebral collapse: distinction between benign and malignant causes using MR patterns. J Magn Reson Imaging. May 1999;9(5):635-42. [Medline].

  45. Baur A, Stabler A, Bruning R, et al. Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of bone marrow: differentiation of benign versus pathologic compression fractures. Radiology. May 1998;207(2):349-56. [Medline].

  46. Le Bihan DJ. Differentiation of benign versus pathologic compression fractures with diffusion-weighted MR imaging: a closer step toward the "holy grail" of tissue characterization?. Radiology. May 1998;207(2):305-7. [Medline].

  47. Peh WC, Gilula LA, Zeller D. Percutaneous vertebroplasty: a new technique for treatment of painful compression fractures. Mo Med. Mar 2001;98(3):97-102. [Medline].

  48. Moulopoulos LA, Yoshimitsu K, Johnston DA, et al. MR prediction of benign and malignant vertebral compression fractures. J Magn Reson Imaging. Jul-Aug 1996;6(4):667-74. [Medline].

  49. Rupp RE, Ebraheim NA, Coombs RJ. Magnetic resonance imaging differentiation of compression spine fractures or vertebral lesions caused by osteoporosis or tumor. Spine. Dec 1 1995;20(23):2499-503; discussion 2504. [Medline].

  50. Spuentrup E, Buecker A, Adam G, et al. Diffusion-weighted MR imaging for differentiation of benign fracture edema and tumor infiltration of the vertebral body. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Feb 2001;176(2):351-8. [Medline].

  51. Castillo M, Arbelaez A, Smith JK, Fisher LL. Diffusion-weighted MR imaging offers no advantage over routine noncontrast MR imaging in the detection of vertebral metastases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. May 2000;21(5):948-53. [Medline].

  52. Chan JH, Peh WC, Tsui EY, Chau LF, Cheung KK, Chan KB, et al. Acute vertebral body compression fractures: discrimination between benign and malignant causes using apparent diffusion coefficients. Br J Radiol. Mar 2002;75(891):207-14. [Medline].

  53. Krishnamurthy GT, Tubis M, Hiss J, Blahd WH. Distribution pattern of metastatic bone disease. A need for total body skeletal image. JAMA. Jun 6 1977;237(23):2504-6. [Medline].

  54. McKeage K, Plosker GL. Zoledronic Acid: a pharmacoeconomic review of its use in the management of bone metastases. Pharmacoeconomics. 2008;26(3):251-68. [Medline].

  55. Zelinka T, Timmers HJ, Kozupa A, Chen CC, Carrasquillo JA, Reynolds JC, et al. Role of positron emission tomography and bone scintigraphy in the evaluation of bone involvement in metastatic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: specific implications for succinate dehydrogenase enzyme subunit B gene mutations. Endocr Relat Cancer. Mar 2008;15:(1):311-323. [Medline].

  56. Daldrup-Link HE, Franzius C, Link TM, et al. Whole-body MR imaging for detection of bone metastases in children and young adults: comparison with skeletal scintigraphy and FDG PET. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Jul 2001;177(1):229-36. [Medline].

  57. Ohta M, Tokuda Y, Suzuki Y, et al. Whole body PET for the evaluation of bony metastases in patients with breast cancer: comparison with 99Tcm-MDP bone scintigraphy. Nucl Med Commun. Aug 2001;22(8):875-9. [Medline].

  58. Kao CH, Hsieh JF, Tsai SC, et al. Comparison and discrepancy of 18F-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography and Tc-99m MDP bone scan to detect bone metastases. Anticancer Res. May-Jun 2000;20(3B):2189-92. [Medline].

  59. Franzius C, Sciuk J, Daldrup-Link HE, et al. FDG-PET for detection of osseous metastases from malignant primary bone tumours: comparison with bone scintigraphy. Eur J Nucl Med. Sep 2000;27(9):1305-11. [Medline].

  60. Jonsson K, Johnell O. Preoperative angiography in patients with bone metastases. Acta Radiol Diagn (Stockh). 1982;23(5):485-9. [Medline].

  61. Maxon HR 3rd, Schroder LE, Thomas SR, et al. Re-186(Sn) HEDP for treatment of painful osseous metastases: initial clinical experience in 20 patients with hormone-resistant prostate cancer. Radiology. Jul 1990;176(1):155-9. [Medline].

  62. McEwan AJ. Palliative therapy with bone seeking radiopharmaceuticals. Cancer Biother Radiopharm. Dec 1998;13(6):413-26. [Medline].

  63. Krishnamurthy GT, Krishnamurthy S. Radionuclides for metastatic bone pain palliation: a need for rational re-evaluation in the new millennium. J Nucl Med. Apr 2000;41(4):688-91. [Medline].

  64. Taylor AJ Jr. Strontium-89 for the palliation of bone pain due to metastatic disease. J Nucl Med. Dec 1994;35(12):2054. [Medline].

  65. Cotten A, Dewatre F, Cortet B, et al. Percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteolytic metastases and myeloma: effects of the percentage of lesion filling and the leakage of methyl methacrylate at clinical follow-up. Radiology. Aug 1996;200(2):525-30. [Medline].

  66. Deramond H, Depriester C, Galibert P, Le Gars D. Percutaneous vertebroplasty with polymethylmethacrylate. Technique, indications, and results. Radiol Clin North Am. May 1998;36(3):533-46. [Medline].

  67. Weill A, Chiras J, Simon JM, et al. Spinal metastases: indications for and results of percutaneous injection of acrylic surgical cement. Radiology. Apr 1996;199(1):241-7. [Medline].

  68. Cortet B, Cotten A, Boutry N, et al. Percutaneous vertebroplasty in patients with osteolytic metastases or multiple myeloma. Rev Rhum Engl Ed. Mar 1997;64(3):177-83. [Medline].

  69. Barton PP, Waneck RE, Karnel FJ, et al. Embolization of bone metastases. J Vasc Interv Radiol. Jan-Feb 1996;7(1):81-8. [Medline].

  70. Siberstein EB. Advances in our understanding of the treatment of painful bone metastasis. J Nucl Med. Apr 2000;41(4):655-7. [Medline].

  71. Kopelman D, Inbar Y, Hanannel A, Pfeffer RM, Dogadkin O, Freundlich D, et al. Magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound surgery. Ablation of soft tissue at bone-muscle interface in a porcine model. Eur J Clin Invest. Apr 2008;38(4):268-75. [Medline].

Further Reading

Keywords

bone secondaries, skeletal metastases, bone metastasis, metastases, metastasis, bone lesions

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Wilfred CG Peh, MD, MBBS, FRCP(Glasg), FRCP(Edin), FRCR, MHSM, Clinical Professor, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Senior Consultant Radiologist, Programme Office, Singapore Health Services
Wilfred CG Peh, MD, MBBS, FRCP(Glasg), FRCP(Edin), FRCR, MHSM is a member of the following medical societies: American Roentgen Ray Society, British Institute of Radiology, International Skeletal Society, Radiological Society of North America, Royal College of Physicians, and Royal College of Radiologists
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Malai Muttarak, MD, Professor, Department of Radiology, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Hussein M Abdel-Dayem, MD, Chief, Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Professor of Radiology, St Vincent's Catholic Medical Centers of New York
Disclosure: none None None

Pharmacy Editor

Bernard D Coombs, MB, ChB, PhD, Consulting Staff, Department of Specialist Rehabilitation Services, Hutt Valley District Health Board, New Zealand
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Wilfred CG Peh, MD, MBBS, FRCP(Glasg), FRCP(Edin), FRCR, MHSM, Clinical Professor, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Senior Consultant Radiologist, Programme Office, Singapore Health Services
Wilfred CG Peh, MD, MBBS, FRCP(Glasg), FRCP(Edin), FRCR, MHSM is a member of the following medical societies: American Roentgen Ray Society, British Institute of Radiology, International Skeletal Society, Radiological Society of North America, Royal College of Physicians, and Royal College of Radiologists
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Robert M Krasny, MD, Consulting Staff, Department of Radiology, The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute
Robert M Krasny, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Roentgen Ray Society and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Felix S Chew, MD, MBA, EdM, Professor, Department of Radiology, Vice Chairman for Radiology Informatics, Section Head of Musculoskeletal Radiology, University of Washington
Felix S Chew, MD, MBA, EdM is a member of the following medical societies: American Roentgen Ray Society, Association of University Radiologists, and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

RELATED EMEDICINE ARTICLES
 
 
HONcode

We subscribe to the
HONcode principles of the
Health On the Net Foundation

All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright© 1994- by Medscape.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.

DISCLAIMER: The content of this Website is not influenced by sponsors. The site is designed primarily for use by qualified physicians and other medical professionals. The information contained herein should NOT be used as a substitute for the advice of an appropriately qualified and licensed physician or other health care provider. The information provided here is for educational and informational purposes only. In no way should it be considered as offering medical advice. Please check with a physician if you suspect you are ill.