eMedicine Specialties > Radiology > Musculoskeletal
Calcaneus, Fractures: Multimedia
Updated: Jul 22, 2008
Multimedia
 | Media file 1: Calcaneus, fractures. Calcaneus anatomy. |
 | Media file 2: Calcaneus, fractures. Calcaneus anatomy. |
 | Media file 3: Calcaneus, fractures. Calcaneus anatomy. |
 | Media file 4: Calcaneus, fractures. Location of fracture lines. |
 | Media file 5: Calcaneus, fractures. Essex-Lopresti classification. |
 | Media file 6: Calcaneus, fractures. Rowe classification. |
 | Media file 7: Calcaneus, fractures. Sander CT classification. |
 | Media file 8: Calcaneus, fractures. The Bohler angle. In determining the Bohler angle, a line is drawn between the posterior superior aspect of the calcaneus and the highest point of the posterior subtalar articular surface; a second line, which intersects the first, is drawn from the highest point of the anterior process to the posterior margin of the subtalar surface. The angle that results from their intersection measures 20-40°. If the angle is reduced, a calcaneal fracture is present; however, a normal angle does not exclude a calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 9: Calcaneus, fractures. Axial (Harris) view demonstrates a calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 10: Calcaneus, fractures. Axial (Harris) view. Note the fracture line divides the calcaneus into anteromedial and posterolateral fragments. |
 | Media file 11: Calcaneus, fractures. Axial (Harris) views of both calcanei show a left calcaneal fracture. Bilateral calcaneal fractures are seen in 5-9%. |
 | Media file 12: Calcaneus, fractures. Avulsion fracture. Rowe type II beak/avulsion fracture of the Achilles tendon. Rowe classifies fractures into 5 groups. Groups I–III do not involve the subtalar joint. Groups IV and V involve the subtalar joint and represented almost 60% of the originally described series. |
 | Media file 13: Calcaneus, fractures. Lateral and axial radiographs demonstrate a Rowe type II calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 14: Calcaneus, fractures. Subtle, extra-articular Rowe type III calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 15: Calcaneus, fractures. Rowe type IV calcaneal fracture involving the subtalar joint without central depression. |
 | Media file 16: Calcaneus, fractures. Rowe type IV calcaneal fracture. This type represents almost a quarter of the fractures in the original series. |
 | Media file 17: Calcaneus, fractures. Rowe type V calcaneal fracture. This is a comminuted fracture involving the subtalar joint; it has a central depression. |
 | Media file 18: Calcaneus, fractures. Rowe type V, intra-articular calcaneal fracture. Intra-articular fractures represent 75% of all calcaneal fractures. |
 | Media file 19: Calcaneus, fractures. Essex-Lopresti tongue-type calcaneal fracture. The fracture line extends posteriorly to the tuberosity. |
 | Media file 20: Calcaneus, fractures. Essex-Lopresti tongue-type calcaneal fracture. Note loss of the crucial angle of Gissane. |
 | Media file 21: Calcaneus, fractures. Essex-Lopresti depression-type calcaneal fracture. Depression-type fractures are more common than tongue type. The fracture line extends along the calcaneus behind the subtalar joint. |
 | Media file 22: Calcaneus, fractures. Essex-Lopresti depression-type calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 23: Calcaneus, fractures. Essex-Lopresti depression-type calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 24: Calcaneus, fractures. Essex Lopresti depression-type fracture. |
 | Media file 25: Calcaneus, fractures. Axial, coronal, and sagittal CT images in Images 19-28 in Multimedia demonstrate a comminuted, Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 26: Calcaneus, fractures. Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 27: Calcaneus, fractures. Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 28: Calcaneus, fractures. Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 29: Calcaneus, fractures. Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 30: Calcaneus, fractures. Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 31: Calcaneus, fractures. Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 32: Calcaneus, fractures. Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 33: Calcaneus, fractures. Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 34: Calcaneus, fractures. Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 35: Calcaneus, fractures. Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 36: Calcaneus, fractures. Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 37: Calcaneus, fractures. Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 38: Calcaneus, fractures. Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 39: Calcaneus, fractures. Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 40: Calcaneus, fractures. Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 41: Calcaneus, fractures. Saunders type IV calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 42: Calcaneus, fractures. Plain radiographs in Images 42-45 and CT scans in various projections and 3-dimensional rendering in Images 64-72 show the value of each modality. |
 | Media file 43: Calcaneus, fractures. Plain radiograph. |
 | Media file 44: Calcaneus, fractures. Plain radiograph. |
 | Media file 45: Calcaneus, fractures. Plain radiograph. |
 | Media file 46: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 47: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 48: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 49: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 50: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 51: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 52: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 53: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 54: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 55: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 56: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 57: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 58: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 59: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 60: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 61: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 62: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 63: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 64: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 65: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 66: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 67: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 68: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 69: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 70: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 71: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 72: Calcaneus, fractures. CT scan. |
 | Media file 73: Calcaneus, fractures. Anteroposterior (AP) and lateral radiographs of a patient following trauma demonstrate no apparent bony injury. (See Image 74.) |
 | Media file 74: Calcaneus, fractures. Short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) sagittal MRI demonstrates high signal intensity at the anterior and middle processes. This represents bony edema secondary to a fracture, which is not appreciated on the plain radiographs. |
 | Media file 75: Calcaneus, fractures. Technetium-99m diphosphonate bone scan depicts a stress fracture of the calcaneus, which was not apparent on plain radiographs. |
 | Media file 76: Calcaneus, fractures. Normal variants, complications, and differential diagnosis. Old calcaneal fracture. Dorsoposterior (DP) and lateral views of the foot demonstrate an old Essex-Lopresti depressed-type calcaneal fracture. The patient now has degenerative change at the subtalar joint. Essex-Lopresti describes 2 fracture types involving the subtalar joint. The depression type and the tongue type. Note flattening of the Bohler angle. |
 | Media file 77: Calcaneus, fractures. Normal variants, complications, and differential diagnosis. Achilles tendonitis calcification is a differential diagnosis in cases of suspected calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 78: Calcaneus, fractures. Normal variants, complications, and differential diagnosis. This patient presented with heel pain following trauma. Anteroposterior (AP) and lateral radiographs show features of plantar fascitis. Note the calcaneal spur and calcification in the distribution of plantar fascia. |
 | Media file 79: Calcaneus, fractures. Normal variants, complications, and differential diagnosis. Lateral radiograph of the calcaneus on the same patient as in Image 33 shows calcification of the plantar fascia. |
 | Media file 80: Calcaneus, fractures. Normal variants, complications, and differential diagnosis. This normal variant—an unfused secondary ossification center—must not be mistaken for a calcaneal fracture. |
 | Media file 81: Calcaneus, fractures. Normal variants, complications, and differential diagnosis. Calcaneal cysts are normal variants and should not be confused with pathology. |
 | Media file 82: Calcaneus, fractures. Normal variants, complications, and differential diagnosis. Calcaneal cysts are normal variants and should not be confused with pathology. |
 | Media file 83: Calcaneus, fractures. This patient presented following trauma to the calcaneus. Axial radiograph shows soft tissue swelling with amorphous calcification. Biopsy proved a malignant synovioma. (See also Image 84.) |
 | Media file 84: Calcaneus, fractures. Normal variants, complications, and differential diagnosis. This patient presented following trauma to the calcaneus. Axial radiograph shows soft tissue swelling with amorphous calcification. Biopsy proved a malignant synovioma. (See also Image 83.) |
 | Media file 85: Calcaneus, fractures. Normal variants, complications, and differential diagnosis. T2-weighted sagittal MRIs demonstrate fibrosis of the peroneal tendon sheath following a past calcaneus fracture, which is a recognized complication of calcaneal fractures. |
More on Calcaneus, Fractures |
| Overview: Calcaneus, Fractures |
| Imaging: Calcaneus, Fractures |
| Follow-up: Calcaneus, Fractures |
 Multimedia: Calcaneus, Fractures |
| References |
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Further Reading
Keywords
calcaneus fracture, calcaneal fracture, tarsal fracture, foot fracture, heel fracture, talus fracture, calcaneum fracture, os-calcis fracture, os calcis fracture, Lover fracture, Lover's fracture
