eMedicine Specialties > Radiology > Musculoskeletal
Mandible, Fractures: Multimedia
Updated: Nov 20, 2007
Multimedia
 | Media file 1: Basic anatomy of the mandible. |
 | Media file 2: This midline sagittal drawing illustrates the anterior attachments of the genioglossus and geniohyoid muscles. If the symphysis becomes a free fragment (as with bilateral parasymphyseal fractures), the symphysis retracts posteriorly, compromising the airway. The anterior belly of the digastric muscle is not depicted in the image because it is lateral to this central section. |
 | Media file 3: The normal Towne view in this radiograph shows the mandibular condyles well. |
 | Media file 4: This right oblique radiograph clearly demonstrates the normal right mandibular groove. |
 | Media file 5: The coronoid is best seen on an oblique radiographic view. |
 | Media file 6: Sagittal computed tomography scan reconstruction shows the normal superior margin of the mandibular groove on the right side. This may be mistaken for a fracture. |
 | Media file 7: Normal Waters radiographic view. In addition to the symphysis, the coronoids are depicted on this radiograph as well. |
 | Media file 8: Normal basal (submentovertex) radiographic view. |
 | Media file 9: Normal panoramic radiographic view. |
 | Media file 10: Panoramic radiographic image in an edentulous patient. |
 | Media file 11: Plain oblique radiographic view in an edentulous patient. |
 | Media file 12: Panoramic radiographic image in a 5-year-old boy. |
 | Media file 13: Posteroanterior radiographic view of a left condylar fracture. |
 | Media file 14: Towne radiographic view of the left condylar fracture (same patient as in Images 13 and 15). |
 | Media file 15: Axial computed tomography scan of a left condylar fracture, with lateral displacement of the proximal condylar fragment (same patient as in Images 13-14). |
 | Media file 16: Axial computed tomography scan of a right subcondylar fracture. |
 | Media file 17: Reconstructed coronal computed tomography scan of a right subcondylar fracture (same patient as in Image 16). |
 | Media file 18: This example of a right subcondylar fracture was not well depicted on a right oblique radiographic view. |
 | Media file 19: This coronal computed tomography scan clearly shows a right subcondylar fracture. |
 | Media file 20: Possible false-positive radiographic finding of a mandibular fracture. The anterior margin of C2 often simulates a fracture of a condyle. Here, although the margin is too obvious to be mistaken for a fracture, the orientation of the anterior cortex of C2, which overlaps the left condyle, is demonstrated. |
 | Media file 21: Axial computed tomography scan of a comminuted left ramus fracture. |
 | Media file 22: Direct coronal computed tomography scan of a left ramus fracture (same patient as in Image 21). |
 | Media file 23: Anteroposterior radiographic image shows a right ramus and left parasymphyseal fracture. This patient has the subtle magnification sign, with the right portion of the mandible appearing slightly magnified compared with the maxilla. This sign is due to lateral displacement of the right body. |
 | Media file 24: Panoramic radiographic image of a right angle and left symphyseal fracture. |
 | Media file 25: Panoramic radiographic image that was obtained after maxillary-mandibular fixation (wiring the jaw shut) of a right angle and left symphyseal fracture. |
 | Media file 26: Panoramic radiographic image shows a left angle fracture extending to and dislodging the molar. This image also shows a right symphyseal fracture. |
 | Media file 27: Left oblique radiographic image shows a left angle fracture in a patient with a dislodged molar tooth. |
 | Media file 28: Panoramic radiographic image of the left angle fracture (same patient as in Image 27). Note that the back left molar is now horizontal. |
 | Media file 29: Posteroanterior radiographic view showing a left angle fracture. |
 | Media file 30: Left angle fracture on a left oblique radiographic image. |
 | Media file 31: Direct coronal computed tomography scan of a left angle fracture (same patient as in Images 30 and 32). |
 | Media file 32: Sagittal computed tomography scan reconstruction of a left angle fracture (same patient as shown in Images 30-31). |
 | Media file 33: Axial computed tomography scan of a right body fracture. |
 | Media file 34: A right body fracture is barely seen on this panoramic radiographic image (same patient as in Image 33). |
 | Media file 35: Radiograph of a comminuted fracture of the body and symphysis caused by a gunshot wound. |
 | Media file 36: Axial computed tomography scan of a lytic lesion of the right body (giant cell granuloma). This lesion is predisposed to pathologic fracture. |
 | Media file 37: Panoramic radiographic image of the lesion through the right body (same patient as in Images 36 and 38). |
 | Media file 38: 3-dimensional (3-D) reconstructed computed tomography scan of the lytic lesion of the right body (same patient as in Images 36-37). |
 | Media file 39: Posteroanterior radiographic view of a fracture of the left body and angle. |
 | Media file 40: Oblique radiographic image of a fracture of the left body and angle. |
 | Media file 41: Towne radiographic view of a left body and angle fracture (same patient as in Images 40 and 42). |
 | Media file 42: Panoramic radiographic image of a left body and angle fracture (same patient as in Images 40-41). This image depicts extension and fracture of a tooth. |
 | Media file 43: Left oblique radiographic image that was obtained after fixation of a fracture of the left body and angle. |
 | Media file 44: Subtle left body fracture on a left oblique radiographic image. |
 | Media file 45: Radiograph of a right body fracture. |
 | Media file 46: Axial computed tomography scan of a right body fracture (same patient as in Image 45). |
 | Media file 47: Panoramic radiographic image of a fracture of the left symphysis and right body. The body fracture extends through a tooth. This is considered a compound fracture. |
 | Media file 48: Axial computed tomography scan in a patient with a right symphyseal fracture. |
 | Media file 49: Prone hyperextended axial computed tomographic scan of a right symphyseal fracture (same patient as in Images 48 and 50-51). |
 | Media file 50: Three-dimensional (3-D) computed tomographic scan of a right symphyseal fracture (same patient as in Images 48-49 and 51). |
 | Media file 51: Three-dimensional (3-D) computed tomography scan of a right parasymphyseal fracture from a submentovertex projection (same patient as in Images 48-50). |
 | Media file 52: Axial computed tomography scan depicting a free tooth fragment, which is also seen on the oblique plain radiograph shown in Image 53. |
 | Media file 53: Free fragment of a molar seen on a right oblique radiographic image (same patient as in Image 52). |
 | Media file 54: Coronal computed tomography scan showing an alveolar ridge fracture of the incisors. |
 | Media file 55: Panoramic radiographic image showing an alveolar ridge fracture of the incisors (same patient as in Images 54 and 56). |
 | Media file 56: Axial computed tomography scan showing a symphyseal fracture as well as a mandibular fracture (same patient as in Images 54-55). |
 | Media file 57: Closed-mouth lateral radiographic view of both condyles. No dislocation is observed. |
 | Media file 58: Open-mouth lateral radiographic view of both condyles. Note that the condyles are posterior to the eminence of the temporal bone. No dislocation is observed. |
 | Media file 59: Oblique radiographic image showing a dislocation of the left mandibular condyle. |
 | Media file 60: Fluoroscopic image showing the left temporomandibular joint with the patient's mouth closed. The condyle appears slightly more anterior than normal. |
 | Media file 61: With the patient's mouth open, the left temporomandibular joint (TMJ) shows some mild dislocation in this radiographic image (same patient as in Image 60). The mandibular condyle is overlying the articular eminence of the temporal bone on this view. On open-mouth views, the condyle may normally lie just below the eminence, just not anterior to it. |
 | Media file 62: Radiograph from a 6-year-old boy who was attacked by a dog. The lateral plain image does not show the suspected fracture or dislocation well; therefore, a computed tomography examination was ordered (see Images 63-65). |
 | Media file 63: Axial computed tomography scan showing a normal right condyle in the temporomandibular joint (same patient as in Images 62 and 64-65). |
 | Media file 64: The left condyle is anteriorly dislocated in this computed tomography scan (same patient as in Images 62-63 and 65). Note how fluid attenuation (blood) fills the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). This is aptly termed the empty TMJ sign of displacement. |
 | Media file 65: Prone, direct coronal computed tomography scan shows the anterior left condylar dislocation depicted in Image 64 (same patient as in Images 62-63). |
 | Media file 66: Panoramic radiographic image in which the inferior margin of the symphysis is blurred and cut off. |
 | Media file 67: Poor-quality radiographic images should not be accepted. This repeat panoramic image of the patient in Image 66 now reveals a right parasymphyseal fracture (same patient as in Images 68-69). Note also that the patient has a left condylar fracture. |
 | Media file 68: Posteroanterior radiographic view of the left condyle and right parasymphyseal fracture that is shown in Image 67 (same patient as in Images 66-67 and 69). |
 | Media file 69: Towne radiographic view showing that the left condylar fracture depicted in Image 68 is comminuted and distracted (same patient as in Images 66-68). |
 | Media file 70: The examining physician should remember to check the mandible on a cervical spine image. On this lateral cervical spine radiograph, a fracture extends through the left mandibular angle. |
More on Mandible, Fractures |
| Overview: Mandible, Fractures |
| Imaging: Mandible, Fractures |
| Follow-up: Mandible, Fractures |
 Multimedia: Mandible, Fractures |
| References |
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Further Reading
Keywords
broken jaw, jaw fracture, mandibular fracture, condylar fracture, coronoid fracture, ramus fracture, angle fracture, parasymphyseal fracture, symphyseal fracture, alveolar fracture, intracapsular fracture, extracapsular fracture, magnification sign, triple fracture
