eMedicine Specialties > Radiology > Vascular/Interventional

Central Venous Access: Multimedia

Author: Nikhil B Amesur, MD, Assistant Professor, Division of Vascular & Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
Coauthor(s): Albert B Zajko, MD, Professor, Departments of Radiology and Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Chief, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Philip Orons, DO, Associate Professor of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Director, Diagnostic Radiology Residency, UPMC Medical Education Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: May 23, 2008

Multimedia

Chest radiograph demonstrates an entire Swan cath...Media file 1: Chest radiograph demonstrates an entire Swan catheter within the venous system with no residual catheter portion outside the patient.
Chest radiograph demonstrates an entire Swan cath...

Chest radiograph demonstrates an entire Swan catheter within the venous system with no residual catheter portion outside the patient.

Digital image demonstrates a snare being placed o...Media file 2: Digital image demonstrates a snare being placed over the proximal catheter fragment via the right femoral approach.
Digital image demonstrates a snare being placed o...

Digital image demonstrates a snare being placed over the proximal catheter fragment via the right femoral approach.

Radiograph demonstrates a snare that is being use...Media file 3: Radiograph demonstrates a snare that is being used to pull back a catheter into the inferior vena cava (same patient as in Images 1-2 in Multimedia).
Radiograph demonstrates a snare that is being use...

Radiograph demonstrates a snare that is being used to pull back a catheter into the inferior vena cava (same patient as in Images 1-2 in Multimedia).

Retrieved catheter fragment (same patient as in <...Media file 4: Retrieved catheter fragment (same patient as in Images 1-3 in Multimedia).
Retrieved catheter fragment (same patient as in <...

Retrieved catheter fragment (same patient as in Images 1-3 in Multimedia).

Abdominal radiograph demonstrates a J-wire trappe...Media file 5: Abdominal radiograph demonstrates a J-wire trapped in the apex of a Greenfield filter. The wire became trapped during blind placement of a central venous line.
Abdominal radiograph demonstrates a J-wire trappe...

Abdominal radiograph demonstrates a J-wire trapped in the apex of a Greenfield filter. The wire became trapped during blind placement of a central venous line.

Magnified image demonstrates the J-wire trapped i...Media file 6: Magnified image demonstrates the J-wire trapped in the apex of a Greenfield filter (same patient as in Images 5 and 7 in Multimedia).
Magnified image demonstrates the J-wire trapped i...

Magnified image demonstrates the J-wire trapped in the apex of a Greenfield filter (same patient as in Images 5 and 7 in Multimedia).

A catheter was advanced over the wire and used to...Media file 7: A catheter was advanced over the wire and used to gently remove the trapped wire from the Greenfield filter (same patient as in Images 5-6 in Multimedia).
A catheter was advanced over the wire and used to...

A catheter was advanced over the wire and used to gently remove the trapped wire from the Greenfield filter (same patient as in Images 5-6 in Multimedia).

The injection of contrast material through a Hick...Media file 8: The injection of contrast material through a Hickman catheter demonstrates the presence of a fibrin sheath at its tip (same patient as in Images 9-10 in Multimedia).
The injection of contrast material through a Hick...

The injection of contrast material through a Hickman catheter demonstrates the presence of a fibrin sheath at its tip (same patient as in Images 9-10 in Multimedia).

Magnification view of the tip of the catheter dem...Media file 9: Magnification view of the tip of the catheter demonstrates the fibrin sheath (same patient as in Images 8 and 10 in Multimedia).
Magnification view of the tip of the catheter dem...

Magnification view of the tip of the catheter demonstrates the fibrin sheath (same patient as in Images 8 and 10 in Multimedia).

An Amplatz snare has been used to strip off the f...Media file 10: An Amplatz snare has been used to strip off the fibrin sheath. Note the free flow of contrast material from the catheter tip (same patient as in Images 8-9 in Multimedia).
An Amplatz snare has been used to strip off the f...

An Amplatz snare has been used to strip off the fibrin sheath. Note the free flow of contrast material from the catheter tip (same patient as in Images 8-9 in Multimedia).

Digital chest image demonstrates that the tip of ...Media file 11: Digital chest image demonstrates that the tip of a Hickman catheter has migrated into the right jugular vein.
Digital chest image demonstrates that the tip of ...

Digital chest image demonstrates that the tip of a Hickman catheter has migrated into the right jugular vein.

The tip of a Hickman catheter has been redirected...Media file 12: The tip of a Hickman catheter has been redirected into the superior vena cava.
The tip of a Hickman catheter has been redirected...

The tip of a Hickman catheter has been redirected into the superior vena cava.

Transverse ultrasonogram of the neck demonstrates...Media file 13: Transverse ultrasonogram of the neck demonstrates the jugular vein (Jug) next to the carotid artery (Car).
Transverse ultrasonogram of the neck demonstrates...

Transverse ultrasonogram of the neck demonstrates the jugular vein (Jug) next to the carotid artery (Car).

Note the bright echogenic tip of the micropunctur...Media file 14: Note the bright echogenic tip of the micropuncture needle as it enters the jugular vein (arrowhead).
Note the bright echogenic tip of the micropunctur...

Note the bright echogenic tip of the micropuncture needle as it enters the jugular vein (arrowhead).

More on Central Venous Access

References

References

  1. Funaki B, Zaleski GX, Leef JA, Rosenblum JD. Radiologic placement of long-term hemodialysis catheters in occluded jugular or subclavian veins or through patent thyrocervical collateral veins. AJR Am J Roentgenol. May 1998;170(5):1194-6. [Medline].

  2. Kidney DD, Nguyen DT, Deutsch LS. Radiologic evaluation and management of malfunctioning long-term central vein catheters. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Nov 1998;171(5):1251-7. [Medline].

  3. Noh HM, Kaufman JA, Rhea JT, et al. Cost comparison of radiologic versus surgical placement of long-term hemodialysis catheters. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Mar 1999;172(3):673-5. [Medline].

  4. Hartnell GG, Gates J, Suojanen JN, Clouse ME. Transfemoral repositioning of malpositioned central venous catheters. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. Sep-Oct 1996;19(5):329-31. [Medline].

  5. Farrell J, Gellens M. Ultrasound-guided cannulation versus the landmark-guided technique for acute haemodialysis access. Nephrol Dial Transplant. Jun 1997;12(6):1234-7. [Medline].

  6. Lyon SM, Given M, Marshall NL. Interventional radiology in the provision and maintenance of long-term central venous access. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol. Feb 2008;52(1):10-7. [Medline].

  7. Ishizuka M, Nagata H, Takagi K, Kubota K. External jugular venous catheterization with a Groshong catheter for central venous access. J Surg Oncol. May 1 2008;[Medline].

  8. Forauer AR, Glockner JF. Importance of US findings in access planning during jugular vein hemodialysis catheter placements. J Vasc Interv Radiol. Feb 2000;11(2 Pt 1):233-8. [Medline].

  9. Bennett JD, Papadouris D, Rankin RN, et al. Percutaneous inferior vena caval approach for long-term central venous access. J Vasc Interv Radiol. Sep-Oct 1997;8(5):851-5. [Medline].

  10. Markowitz DG, Rosenblum DI, Newman JS, Garby KB. Translumbar inferior vena caval Tesio catheter for hemodialysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol. Jan-Feb 1998;9(1 Pt 1):145-7. [Medline].

  11. Rajan DK, Croteau DL, Sturza SG, et al. Translumbar placement of inferior vena caval catheters: a solution for challenging hemodialysis access. Radiographics. Sep-Oct 1998;18(5):1155-67; discussion 1167-70. [Medline].

  12. Johansson E, Engervall P, Björvell H, Hast R, Björkholm M. Patients' perceptions of having a central venous catheter or a totally implantable subcutaneous port system-results from a randomised study in acute leukaemia. Support Care Cancer. May 1 2008;[Medline].

  13. Bergey EA, Kaye RD, Reyes J, Towbin RB. Transhepatic insertion of vascular dialysis catheters in children: a safe, life-prolonging procedure. Pediatr Radiol. Jan 1999;29(1):42-5. [Medline].

  14. Warkentine FH, Clyde Pierce M, Lorenz D, Kim IK. The anatomic relationship of femoral vein to femoral artery in euvolemic pediatric patients by ultrasonography: implications for pediatric femoral central venous access. Acad Emerg Med. May 2008;15(5):426-30. [Medline].

  15. Chand DH, Valentini RP, Kamil ES. Hemodialysis vascular access options in pediatrics: considerations for patients and practitioners. Pediatr Nephrol. Apr 8 2008;[Medline].

  16. Darouiche RO, Raad II, Heard SO, et al. A comparison of two antimicrobial-impregnated central venous catheters. Catheter Study Group. N Engl J Med. Jan 7 1999;340(1):1-8. [Medline].

  17. Gordon AC, Saliken JC, Johns D, et al. US-guided puncture of the internal jugular vein: complications and anatomic considerations. J Vasc Interv Radiol. Mar-Apr 1998;9(2):333-8. [Medline].

  18. Chrisman HB, Omary RA, Nemcek AA, et al. Peripherally inserted central catheters: guidance with use of US versus venography in 2,650 patients. J Vasc Interv Radiol. Apr 1999;10(4):473-5. [Medline].

  19. Davis SN, Vermeulen L, Banton J. Activity and dosage of alteplase dilution for clearing occlusions of venous-access devices. Am J Health Syst Pharm. Jun 1 2000;57(11):1039-45. [Medline].

  20. Semba CP, Bakal CW, Calis KA, et al. Alteplase as an alternative to urokinase. Advisory Panel on Catheter- Directed Thrombolytic Therapy. J Vasc Interv Radiol. Mar 2000;11(3):279-87. [Medline].

  21. Savader SJ, Ehrman KO, Porter DJ. Treatment of hemodialysis catheter-associated fibrin sheaths by rt-PA infusion: critical analysis of 124 procedures. J Vasc Interv Radiol. Jun 2001;12(6):711-5. [Medline].

  22. Garofalo RS, Zaleski GX, Lorenz JM, et al. Exchange of poorly functioning tunneled permanent hemodialysis catheters. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Jul 1999;173(1):155-8. [Medline].

  23. Xiang DZ, Verbeken EK, Van Lommel AT, et al. Composition and formation of the sleeve enveloping a central venous catheter. J Vasc Surg. Aug 1998;28(2):260-71. [Medline].

  24. Crain MR, Mewissen MW, Ostrowski GJ, et al. Fibrin sleeve stripping for salvage of failing hemodialysis catheters: technique and initial results. Radiology. Jan 1996;198(1):41-4. [Medline].

  25. Haskal ZJ, Leen VH, Thomas-Hawkins C, et al. Transvenous removal of fibrin sheaths from tunneled hemodialysis catheters. J Vasc Interv Radiol. Jul-Aug 1996;7(4):513-7. [Medline].

  26. Rockall AG, Harris A, Wetton CW, et al. Stripping of failing haemodialysis catheters using the Ampltaz gooseneck snare. Clin Radiol. Aug 1997;52(8):616-20. [Medline].

  27. Andris DA, Krzywda EA. Catheter pinch-off syndrome: recognition and management. J Intraven Nurs. Sep-Oct 1997;20(5):233-7. [Medline].

  28. Coles CE, Whitear WP, Le Vay JH. Spontaneous fracture and embolization of a central venous catheter: prevention and early detection. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 1998;10(6):412-4. [Medline].

  29. de Costa BR, Dickey K, Greenwood L. A practical approach for repositioning flipped venous access ports. J Vasc Interv Radiol. Feb 2000;11(2 Pt 1):213-4. [Medline].

Further Reading

Keywords

central venous access, catheters, ultrasonographic guidance in venous access, sonographic guidance in venous access, access sites, access devices, ports, catheter-related complications, catheter fracture, malpositioned catheter, catheter malpositioning, guidewires

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Nikhil B Amesur, MD, Assistant Professor, Division of Vascular & Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
Nikhil B Amesur, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Radiology, American Roentgen Ray Society, and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Albert B Zajko, MD, Professor, Departments of Radiology and Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Chief, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
Albert B Zajko, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Roentgen Ray Society, Radiological Society of North America, and Society of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Philip Orons, DO, Associate Professor of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Director, Diagnostic Radiology Residency, UPMC Medical Education Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Philip Orons, DO is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Radiology, American Osteopathic Association, American Roentgen Ray Society, Radiological Society of North America, and Society of Interventional Radiology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Gary P Siskin, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Radiology, Albany Medical College; Chief, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Albany Medical Center
Gary P Siskin, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Heart Association and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Bernard D Coombs, MB, ChB, PhD, Consulting Staff, Department of Specialist Rehabilitation Services, Hutt Valley District Health Board, New Zealand
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Douglas M Coldwell, MD, PhD, Professor and Chief of Interventional Radiology, Professor of Radiology and Surgery, University of Missouri at Columbia
Douglas M Coldwell, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for Cancer Research, American College of Radiology, American Heart Association, American Physical Society, American Roentgen Ray Society, Society of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Southwest Oncology Group, and Special Operations Medical Association
Disclosure: Sirtex, Inc. Consulting fee Speaking and teaching

CME Editor

Robert M Krasny, MD, Consulting Staff, Department of Radiology, The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute
Robert M Krasny, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Roentgen Ray Society and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Kyung J Cho, MD, FACR, William Martel Professor of Radiology, Interventional Radiology Fellowship Director, University of Michigan Health System
Kyung J Cho, MD, FACR is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Radiology, American Heart Association, American Medical Association, American Roentgen Ray Society, Association of University Radiologists, and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

 
 
HONcode

We subscribe to the
HONcode principles of the
Health On the Net Foundation

All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright© 1994- by Medscape.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.

DISCLAIMER: The content of this Website is not influenced by sponsors. The site is designed primarily for use by qualified physicians and other medical professionals. The information contained herein should NOT be used as a substitute for the advice of an appropriately qualified and licensed physician or other health care provider. The information provided here is for educational and informational purposes only. In no way should it be considered as offering medical advice. Please check with a physician if you suspect you are ill.