Shock, Hemorrhagic: Multimedia

References

1. Blalock A. Principle of Surgical Care, Shock, and Other Problems. St Louis: Mosby; 1940.

2. Ambrogi MC, Lucchi M, Dini P, et al. Videothoracoscopy for evaluation and treatment of hemothorax. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). Feb 2002;43(1):109-12. [Medline].

3. Barber AE, Shires GT. Cell damage after shock. New Horiz. May 1996;4(2):161-7. [Medline].

4. Brown MA, Casola G, Sirlin CB, et al. Blunt abdominal trauma: screening us in 2,693 patients. Radiology. Feb 2001;218(2):352-8. [Medline].

5. Butler K, Winters M. Shock: beyond the "golden hour". Emergency Medicine Reports. 2003;24:345-356.

6. Collins JA. The pathophysiology of hemorrhagic shock. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1982;108:5-29. [Medline].

7. Dizien O, Held JP, Eyssette M, et al. [Severe cranial trauma in the rehabilitation milieu. Management in the initial phase]. Rev Infirm. Mar 1993;43(5):33-8. [Medline].

8. Domsky MF, Wilson RF. Hemodynamic resuscitation. Crit Care Clin. Oct 1993;9(4):715-26. [Medline].

9. Falk JL, O'Brien JF, Kerr R. Fluid resuscitation in traumatic hemorrhagic shock. Crit Care Clin. Apr 1992;8(2):323-40. [Medline].

10. Hollenberg SM. Cardiogenic shock. Crit Care Clin. Apr 2001;17(2):391-410. [Medline].

11. Kemp SF. Current concepts in pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of anaphylaxis. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2001;21:611-634.

12. Ketcham EM, Cairns CB. Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers: development and clinical potential. Ann Emerg Med. Mar 1999;33(3):326-37. [Medline].

13. Kramer GC, Kinsky MP, Prough DS, et al. Closed-loop control of fluid therapy for treatment of hypovolemia. J Trauma. Apr 2008;64(4 Suppl):S333-41. [Medline].

14. Krausz MM. Initial resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock. World J Emerg Surg. Apr 27 2006;1(1):14.

15. McCunn M, Karlin A. Nonblood fluid resuscitation: more questions than answers. Anesthesiol Clin North Am. 1999;17:107-123.

16. Orlinsky M, Shoemaker W, Reis ED, et al. Current controversies in shock and resuscitation. Surg Clin North Am. Dec 2001;81(6):1217-62, xi-xii. [Medline].

17. Pearl RG. Treatment of shock-1998. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 1998;suppl:75-84.

18. Peitzman AB, Billiar TR, Harbrecht BG. Hemorrhagic shock. Current Problems in Surgery. 1995;32:925-1002. [Medline].

19. Pryor JP, Pryor RJ, Stafford PW. Initial phase of trauma management and fluid resuscitation. Trauma Reports. 2002;3:1-12.

20. Schlag G, Krosl P, Redl H. Cardiopulmonary response of the elderly to traumatic and septic shock. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1988;264:233-42. [Medline].

21. Shoemaker WC, Peitzman AB, Bellamy R. Resuscitation from severe hemorrhage. Crit Care Med. Feb 1996;24(2 Suppl):S12-23. [Medline].

Further Reading

Keywords

hemorrhagic shock, shock, hypovolemia, hypovolemic shock, exsanguination, bleeding, blood loss, hemorrhage

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

John Udeani, MD, FAAEM, Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Charles Drew University/UCLA School of Medicine
John Udeani, MD, FAAEM is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine and American College of Emergency Physicians
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Lewis J Kaplan, MD, FACS, FCCM, FCCP, Director, SICU and Surgical Critical Care Fellowship, Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Section of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, and Surgical Emergencies, Yale University School of Medicine
Lewis J Kaplan, MD, FACS, FCCM, FCCP is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Surgery of Trauma, American College of Surgeons, Association for Academic Surgery, Association for Surgical Education, Connecticut State Medical Society, Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma, International Trauma Anesthesia and Critical Care Society, Society for the Advancement of Blood Management, Society of Critical Care Medicine, and Surgical Infection Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Robert L Sheridan, MD, Assistant Chief of Staff, Chief of Burn Surgery, Shriners Burns Hospital; Associate Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Burns, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School
Robert L Sheridan, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association for the Surgery of Trauma, American Burn Association, and American College of Surgeons
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Timothy D Rice, MD, Associate Professor, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine
Timothy D Rice, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics and American College of Physicians
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

John Geibel, MD, DSc, MA, Vice Chairman, Professor, Department of Surgery, Section of Gastrointestinal Medicine and Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine; Director of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Yale-New Haven Hospital
John Geibel, MD, DSc, MA is a member of the following medical societies: American Gastroenterological Association, American Physiological Society, American Society of Nephrology, Association for Academic Surgery, International Society of Nephrology, New York Academy of Sciences, and Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract
Disclosure: AMGEN Royalty Other; AstraZeneca Grant/research funds Other