eMedicine Specialties > Urology > Stones

Nephrolithiasis: Multimedia

Author: J Stuart Wolf Jr, MD, FACS, David A Bloom Professor of Urology, Director of Division of Minimally Invasive Urology, Department of Urology, University of Michigan
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Sep 28, 2009

Multimedia

Small renal calculus that would likely respond to...Media file 1: Small renal calculus that would likely respond to extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy.
Small renal calculus that would likely respond to...

Small renal calculus that would likely respond to extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy.

Complete staghorn calculus that fills the collect...Media file 2: Complete staghorn calculus that fills the collecting system of the kidney (no intravenous contrast material in this patient). Although many staghorn calculi are struvite (related to infection with urease-splitting bacteria), the density of this stone suggests that it may be metabolic in origin and is likely composed of calcium oxalate. Percutaneous nephrostolithotomy or perhaps even open surgical nephrolithotomy is required to remove this stone.
Complete staghorn calculus that fills the collect...

Complete staghorn calculus that fills the collecting system of the kidney (no intravenous contrast material in this patient). Although many staghorn calculi are struvite (related to infection with urease-splitting bacteria), the density of this stone suggests that it may be metabolic in origin and is likely composed of calcium oxalate. Percutaneous nephrostolithotomy or perhaps even open surgical nephrolithotomy is required to remove this stone.

Distal ureteral stone observed through a small, r...Media file 3: Distal ureteral stone observed through a small, rigid ureteroscope prior to ballistic lithotripsy and extraction. The small caliber and excellent optics of today's endoscopes greatly facilitate minimally invasive treatment of urinary stones.
Distal ureteral stone observed through a small, r...

Distal ureteral stone observed through a small, rigid ureteroscope prior to ballistic lithotripsy and extraction. The small caliber and excellent optics of today's endoscopes greatly facilitate minimally invasive treatment of urinary stones.

Two calculi in a dependent calyx of the kidney (l...Media file 4: Two calculi in a dependent calyx of the kidney (lower pole) visualized through a flexible fiberoptic ureteroscope. In another location, these calculi might have been treated with extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL), but, after being counseled regarding the lower success rate of ESWL for stones in a dependent location, the patient elected ureteroscopy. Note that the image provided by fiberoptics, although still acceptable, is inferior to that provided by the rod-lens optics of the rigid ureteroscope in the previous picture.
Two calculi in a dependent calyx of the kidney (l...

Two calculi in a dependent calyx of the kidney (lower pole) visualized through a flexible fiberoptic ureteroscope. In another location, these calculi might have been treated with extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL), but, after being counseled regarding the lower success rate of ESWL for stones in a dependent location, the patient elected ureteroscopy. Note that the image provided by fiberoptics, although still acceptable, is inferior to that provided by the rod-lens optics of the rigid ureteroscope in the previous picture.

More on Nephrolithiasis

Overview: Nephrolithiasis
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Nephrolithiasis
Treatment & Medication: Nephrolithiasis
Follow-up: Nephrolithiasis
Multimedia: Nephrolithiasis
References

References

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Further Reading

Keywords

nephrolithiasis, renal calculi, kidney stone, renal stone, ureteral calculi, ureterolithiasis, urolithiasis, urinary calculi, urinary lithiasis, urinary tract calculi, urinary tract stone disease, urinary stone disease, stone disease, kidney calculi, calculus, kidney stones, urinary stones, renal colic, ureterocolic, hematuria, urinary stone hematuria, hyperuricosuria, gouty diathesis, hypercalciuria, hyperparathyroidism, acute urinary obstruction, uric acid stones, uric acid calculi, ureteral stone, nidi, supersaturated urine, crystals of uric acid, bladder calculi, obstructing calculi, nonobstructing calculi, stone-induced hematuria, pyelonephritis, pyonephrosis, urosepsis, cystinuria, struvite calculi, recurrent stones, staghorn calculi, branched kidney stone, urinary tract infections, hyperoxaluria, hypocitraturia, low urinary volume, high urinary sodium, low urinary magnesium, Randall plaque, Randall’s plaque

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

J Stuart Wolf Jr, MD, FACS, David A Bloom Professor of Urology, Director of Division of Minimally Invasive Urology, Department of Urology, University of Michigan
J Stuart Wolf Jr, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Surgeons, American Urological Association, Catholic Medical Association, Endourological Society, Society for Urology and Engineering, Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons, Society of University Urologists, and Society of Urologic Oncology
Disclosure: Terumo Corporation Consulting fee Consulting; Gyrus-ACMI Honoraria Speaking and teaching

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: eMedicine Salary Employment

Managing Editor

Martin I Resnick, MD †, Former Lester Persky Professor and Chair, Department of Urology, Former Professor, Department of Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
Martin I Resnick, MD † is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Surgeons, American Federation for Medical Research, American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, American Medical Association, American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, American Society for Reproductive Medicine, American Society of Andrology, American Surgical Association, American Urological Association, Association for Academic Surgery, Endocrine Society, National Kidney Foundation, Ohio Urological Society, and Pan American Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Alex J Mechaber, MD, FACP, Associate Dean for Undergraduate Medical Education, Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
Alex J Mechaber, MD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine, and Society of General Internal Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Bradley Fields Schwartz, DO, FACS, Professor of Urology, Director, Center for Laparoscopy and Endourology, Department of Surgery, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine
Bradley Fields Schwartz, DO, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Surgeons, American Urological Association, Association of Military Osteopathic Physicians and Surgeons, Endourological Society, Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons, and Society of University Urologists
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

 
 
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