Aortic Stenosis: Multimedia

References

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2. Ashley EA, Niebauer J. Chap 9 - Valve disease. In: Cardiology Explained. London: Remedica; 2004.

3. Valvular emergencies. In: Tintinalli JE, Kelen GD, Stapczynski JS, eds. Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 6^th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2004:54.

4. Aortic valve disease. In: Topol EJ, Califf RM, et al, eds. Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. Section Two. 3^rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007:Chap 23.

5. Pierard LA, Lancellotti P. Stress testing in valve disease. Heart. Jun 2007;93(6):766-72. [Medline].

6. Braunwald E. Valvular heart disease. In: AS Fauci, ed. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. New York: McGraw Hill; 1994:1059-1061.

7. Crawley IS, Morris DC, Silverman BD. Valvular heart disease. In: JW Hurst, ed. The Heart. 4^th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1978:922-1080.

8. Edwards JE. Pathology of acquired valvular disease of the heart. Semin Roentgenol. 1979;14(2):96-115. [Medline].

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14. Tzemos N, Therrien J, Yip J, Thanassoulis G, Tremblay S, Jamorski MT, et al. Outcomes in adults with bicuspid aortic valves. JAMA. Sep 17 2008;300(11):1317-25. [Medline].

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Further Reading

Keywords

AS, aortic stenosis, congenital unicuspid or bicuspid valve, rheumatic fever, degenerative calcific changes of the valve, aortic valve, congestive heart failure, CHF, congenital cardiac defect, congenital heart defect, left ventricular failure, rheumatic disease, calcification of a congenital bicuspid valve, degenerative calcification of the valve

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Jerry Balentine, DO, Professor of Emergency Medicine, New York College of Osteopathic Medicine; Executive Vice President, Chief Medical Officer, Attending Physician in Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Barnabas Hospital
Jerry Balentine, DO is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American College of Osteopathic Emergency Physicians, American College of Physician Executives, American Osteopathic Association, and New York Academy of Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Daniel P Lombardi, DO, Clinical Assistant Professor, New York College of Osteopathic Medicine; Clinical Preceptor, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University; Attending Physician and Interim Program Director, Department of Emergency Medicine, Saint Barnabas Hospital
Daniel P Lombardi, DO is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American College of Osteopathic Emergency Physicians, and American Osteopathic Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Edward Bessman, MD, Chairman, Department of Emergency Medicine, John Hopkins Bayview Medical Center; Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University
Edward Bessman, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Gary Setnik, MD, Chair, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital; Assistant Professor, Division of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School
Gary Setnik, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians and National Association of EMS Physicians
Disclosure: Intellicare Salary Management position; South Middlesex EMS Consortium Salary Management position

CME Editor

John D Halamka, MD, MS, Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Chief Information Officer, CareGroup Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician, Division of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
John D Halamka, MD, MS is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Informatics Association, Phi Beta Kappa, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

David FM Brown, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate-Chief, Attending Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital
David FM Brown, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Schering  Honoraria Speaking and teaching