Mohave Rattle Snake Envenomation Differential Diagnoses

  • Author: Sean P Bush, MD, FACEP; Chief Editor: Rick Kulkarni, MD   more...
 
Updated: May 3, 2011
 
 

Differential Diagnoses

Proceed to Workup
 
 
Contributor Information and Disclosures
Author

Sean P Bush, MD, FACEP  Professor of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Envenomation Specialist, Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center

Sean P Bush, MD, FACEP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, International Society on Toxicology, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, and Wilderness Medical Society

Disclosure: Protherics Consulting fee Consulting; Nycomed (formerly Fougera) Grant/research funds Speaking and teaching; Rare Disease Therapeutics Grant/research funds Research; Bioclon Grant/research funds Research

Specialty Editor Board

Robert L Norris, MD  Professor, Department of Surgery, Chief, Division of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center

Robert L Norris, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Association, California Medical Association, International Society of Toxinology, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, and Wilderness Medical Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

John T VanDeVoort, PharmD  Regional Director of Pharmacy, Sacred Heart and St Joseph's Hospitals

John T VanDeVoort, PharmD is a member of the following medical societies: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

James Steven Walker, DO, MS  Clinical Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine

James Steven Walker, DO, MS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, American College of Osteopathic Emergency Physicians, and American Osteopathic Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

John D Halamka, MD, MS  Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Chief Information Officer, CareGroup Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician, Division of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

John D Halamka, MD, MS is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Informatics Association, Phi Beta Kappa, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Rick Kulkarni, MD  Attending Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Division of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School

Rick Kulkarni, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Association, American Medical Informatics Association, Phi Beta Kappa, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: WebMD Salary Employment

References

  1. French WJ, Hayes WK, Bush SP, Cardwell MD, Bader JO, Rael ED. Mojave toxin in venom of Crotalus helleri (Southern Pacific Rattlesnake): molecular and geographic characterization. Toxicon. Dec 1 2004;44(7):781-91. [Medline].

  2. Farstad D, Thomas T, Chow T, Bush S, Stiegler P. Mojave rattlesnake envenomation in southern California: a review of suspected cases. Wilderness Environ Med. May 1997;8(2):89-93. [Medline].

  3. Hardy DL. Envenomation by the Mojave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) in southern Arizona, U.S.A. Toxicon. 1983;21(1):111-8. [Medline].

  4. Hardy DL. Fatal rattlesnake envenomation in Arizona: 1969-1984. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1986;24(1):1-10. [Medline].

  5. Wingert WA, Chan L. Rattlesnake bites in southern California and rationale for recommended treatment. West J Med. Jan 1988;148(1):37-44. [Medline].

  6. Glenn JL, Straight RC. Intergradation of two different venom populations of the Mojave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) in Arizona. Toxicon. 1989;27(4):411-8. [Medline].

  7. Bush SP, Jansen PW. Severe rattlesnake envenomation with anaphylaxis and rhabdomyolysis. Ann Emerg Med. Jun 1995;25(6):845-8. [Medline].

  8. Bush SP, Jansen PW. Severe rattlesnake envenomation with anaphylaxis and rhabdomyolysis. Ann Emerg Med. Jun 1995;25(6):845-8. [Medline].

  9. Jansen PW, Perkin RM, Van Stralen D. Mojave rattlesnake envenomation: prolonged neurotoxicity and rhabdomyolysis. Ann Emerg Med. Mar 1992;21(3):322-5. [Medline].

  10. Bronstein AC, Spyker DA, Cantilena LR Jr, Green J, Rumack BH, Heard SE. 2006 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS). Clin Toxicol (Phila). Dec 2007;45(8):815-917. [Medline].

  11. Carroll RR, Hall EL, Kitchens CS. Canebrake rattlesnake envenomation. Ann Emerg Med. Jul 1997;30(1):45-8. [Medline].

  12. Bush SP. Snakebite suction devices don't remove venom: they just suck. Ann Emerg Med. Feb 2004;43(2):187-8. [Medline].

  13. Bush SP, Hegewald KG, Green SM, Cardwell MD, Hayes WK. Effects of a negative pressure venom extraction device (Extractor) on local tissue injury after artificial rattlesnake envenomation in a porcine model. Wilderness Environ Med. Fall 2000;11(3):180-8. [Medline].

  14. Bush SP, Green SM, Laack TA, Hayes WK, Cardwell MD, Tanen DA. Pressure immobilization delays mortality and increases intracompartmental pressure after artificial intramuscular rattlesnake envenomation in a porcine model. Ann Emerg Med. Dec 2004;44(6):599-604. [Medline].

  15. Bush SP, Cardwell MD. Mojave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) identification. Wilderness Environ Med. Spring 1999;10(1):6-9. [Medline].

  16. Clark RF, Williams SR, Nordt SP, Boyer-Hassen LV. Successful treatment of crotalid-induced neurotoxicity with a new polyspecific crotalid Fab antivenom. Ann Emerg Med. Jul 1997;30(1):54-7. [Medline].

  17. Bush SP, Green SM, Moynihan JA, Hayes WK, Cardwell MD. Crotalidae polyvalent immune Fab (ovine) antivenom is efficacious for envenomations by Southern Pacific rattlesnakes (Crotalus helleri). Ann Emerg Med. Dec 2002;40(6):619-24. [Medline].

 
Previous
Next
 
Mohave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus). Note the diamond pattern fades into bands along the caudal third of the back and the white tail rings are wider than the black. Photo by Sean Bush, MD.
This is the typical appearance of a southern California Mohave rattlesnake bite site. Photo by Sean Bush, MD.
Mohave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus). Photo by Sean Bush, MD.
A red diamond rattlesnake (Crotalus ruber). The postocular light stripe extends above the angle of the mouth in Mohave rattlesnakes. Photo by Sean Bush, MD.
This is a juvenile Mohave rattlesnake (postmortem). Note that the diamondback pattern fades into bands along the latter part of the snake's dorsum. Photo by Sean Bush, MD.
A western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox). Photo by Sean Bush, MD.
 
 
 
All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2012 by WebMD LLC.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.

DISCLAIMER: The content of this Website is not influenced by sponsors. The site is designed primarily for use by qualified physicians and other medical professionals. The information contained herein should NOT be used as a substitute for the advice of an appropriately qualified and licensed physician or other health care provider. The information provided here is for educational and informational purposes only. In no way should it be considered as offering medical advice. Please check with a physician if you suspect you are ill.