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Snake Envenomation, Mohave Rattle: Multimedia

Author: Sean P Bush, MD, FACEP, Professor of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Envenomation Specialist, Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Jul 24, 2008

Multimedia

Mohave rattlesnake (<EM>Crotalus scutulatus</EM>)...
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Media file 1: Mohave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus). Note the diamond pattern fades into bands along the caudal third of the back and the white tail rings are wider than the black. Photo by Sean Bush, MD.
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Mohave rattlesnake (<EM>Crotalus scutulatus</EM>)...

Mohave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus). Note the diamond pattern fades into bands along the caudal third of the back and the white tail rings are wider than the black. Photo by Sean Bush, MD.

This is the typical appearance of a southern Cali...
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Media file 2: This is the typical appearance of a southern California Mohave rattlesnake bite site. Photo by Sean Bush, MD.
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This is the typical appearance of a southern Cali...

This is the typical appearance of a southern California Mohave rattlesnake bite site. Photo by Sean Bush, MD.

Mohave rattlesnake (<EM>Crotalus scutulatus</EM>)...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 3: Mohave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus). Photo by Sean Bush, MD.
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Mohave rattlesnake (<EM>Crotalus scutulatus</EM>)...

Mohave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus). Photo by Sean Bush, MD.

A red diamond rattlesnake (<em>Crotalus ruber</em...
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Media file 4: A red diamond rattlesnake (Crotalus ruber). The postocular light stripe extends above the angle of the mouth in Mohave rattlesnakes. Photo by Sean Bush, MD.
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A red diamond rattlesnake (<em>Crotalus ruber</em...

A red diamond rattlesnake (Crotalus ruber). The postocular light stripe extends above the angle of the mouth in Mohave rattlesnakes. Photo by Sean Bush, MD.

This is a juvenile Mohave rattlesnake (postmortem...
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Media file 5: This is a juvenile Mohave rattlesnake (postmortem). Note that the diamondback pattern fades into bands along the latter part of the snake's dorsum. Photo by Sean Bush, MD.
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This is a juvenile Mohave rattlesnake (postmortem...

This is a juvenile Mohave rattlesnake (postmortem). Note that the diamondback pattern fades into bands along the latter part of the snake's dorsum. Photo by Sean Bush, MD.

A western diamondback rattlesnake (<em>Crotalus a...
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Media file 6: A western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox). Photo by Sean Bush, MD.
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A western diamondback rattlesnake (<em>Crotalus a...

A western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox). Photo by Sean Bush, MD.

More on Snake Envenomation, Mohave Rattle

Overview: Snake Envenomation, Mohave Rattle
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Snake Envenomation, Mohave Rattle
Treatment & Medication: Snake Envenomation, Mohave Rattle
Follow-up: Snake Envenomation, Mohave Rattle
Multimedia: Snake Envenomation, Mohave Rattle
References
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References

  1. Bronstein AC, Spyker DA, Cantilena LR Jr, Green J, Rumack BH, Heard SE. 2006 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS). Clin Toxicol (Phila). Dec 2007;45(8):815-917. [Medline].

  2. Bush SP. Snakebite suction devices don't remove venom: they just suck. Ann Emerg Med. Feb 2004;43(2):187-8. [Medline].

  3. Bush SP, Cardwell MD. Mojave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) identification. Wilderness Environ Med. Spring 1999;10(1):6-9. [Medline].

  4. Bush SP, Green SM, Laack TA, Hayes WK, Cardwell MD, Tanen DA. Pressure immobilization delays mortality and increases intracompartmental pressure after artificial intramuscular rattlesnake envenomation in a porcine model. Ann Emerg Med. Dec 2004;44(6):599-604. [Medline].

  5. Bush SP, Green SM, Moynihan JA, Hayes WK, Cardwell MD. Crotalidae polyvalent immune Fab (ovine) antivenom is efficacious for envenomations by Southern Pacific rattlesnakes (Crotalus helleri). Ann Emerg Med. Dec 2002;40(6):619-24. [Medline].

  6. Bush SP, Hegewald KG, Green SM, Cardwell MD, Hayes WK. Effects of a negative pressure venom extraction device (Extractor) on local tissue injury after artificial rattlesnake envenomation in a porcine model. Wilderness Environ Med. Fall 2000;11(3):180-8. [Medline].

  7. Bush SP, Jansen PW. Severe rattlesnake envenomation with anaphylaxis and rhabdomyolysis. Ann Emerg Med. Jun 1995;25(6):845-8. [Medline].

  8. Bush SP, Jansen PW. Severe rattlesnake envenomation with anaphylaxis and rhabdomyolysis. Ann Emerg Med. Jun 1995;25(6):845-8. [Medline].

  9. Carroll RR, Hall EL, Kitchens CS. Canebrake rattlesnake envenomation. Ann Emerg Med. Jul 1997;30(1):45-8. [Medline].

  10. Clark RF, Williams SR, Nordt SP, Boyer-Hassen LV. Successful treatment of crotalid-induced neurotoxicity with a new polyspecific crotalid Fab antivenom. Ann Emerg Med. Jul 1997;30(1):54-7. [Medline].

  11. Farstad D, Thomas T, Chow T, Bush S, Stiegler P. Mojave rattlesnake envenomation in southern California: a review of suspected cases. Wilderness Environ Med. May 1997;8(2):89-93. [Medline].

  12. French WJ, Hayes WK, Bush SP, Cardwell MD, Bader JO, Rael ED. Mojave toxin in venom of Crotalus helleri (Southern Pacific Rattlesnake): molecular and geographic characterization. Toxicon. Dec 1 2004;44(7):781-91. [Medline].

  13. Glenn JL, Straight RC. Intergradation of two different venom populations of the Mojave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) in Arizona. Toxicon. 1989;27(4):411-8. [Medline].

  14. Hardy DL. Envenomation by the Mojave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) in southern Arizona, U.S.A. Toxicon. 1983;21(1):111-8. [Medline].

  15. Hardy DL. Fatal rattlesnake envenomation in Arizona: 1969-1984. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1986;24(1):1-10. [Medline].

  16. Jansen PW, Perkin RM, Van Stralen D. Mojave rattlesnake envenomation: prolonged neurotoxicity and rhabdomyolysis. Ann Emerg Med. Mar 1992;21(3):322-5. [Medline].

  17. Wingert WA, Chan L. Rattlesnake bites in southern California and rationale for recommended treatment. West J Med. Jan 1988;148(1):37-44. [Medline].

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Further Reading

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Keywords

Mohave rattlesnake, Mojave rattlesnake bite, rattle snake envenomation, rattlesnake bite, Crotalus scutulatus, Mojave rattlesnake, snake envenomation, venom A, venom B, lethal venom, antivenom

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Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Sean P Bush, MD, FACEP, Professor of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Envenomation Specialist, Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center
Sean P Bush, MD, FACEP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, International Society on Toxicology, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, and Wilderness Medical Society
Disclosure: Protherics Consulting fee Consulting; Nycomed (formerly Fougera) Grant/research funds Speaking and teaching; Rare Disease Therapeutics Grant/research funds Research; Bioclon Grant/research funds Research

Medical Editor

Robert L Norris, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Surgery; Chief, Division of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center
Robert L Norris, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Association, California Medical Association, International Society of Toxinology, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, and Wilderness Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

John T VanDeVoort, PharmD, Regional Director of Pharmacy, Sacred Heart & St. Joseph's Hospitals
John T VanDeVoort, PharmD is a member of the following medical societies: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

James Steven Walker, DO, MS, Clinical Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
James Steven Walker, DO, MS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, American College of Osteopathic Emergency Physicians, and American Osteopathic Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

John D Halamka, MD, MS, Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Chief Information Officer, CareGroup Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician, Division of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
John D Halamka, MD, MS is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Informatics Association, Phi Beta Kappa, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Jonathan Adler, MD, Attending Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital; Division of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School
Jonathan Adler, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: eMedicine.com, Inc. Consulting fee Consulting

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