eMedicine Specialties > Emergency Medicine > Environmental

Sunburn: Multimedia

Author: Amy Caron, MD, Staff Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York University/Bellevue Medical Center
Coauthor(s): Christopher M McStay, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York University, Bellevue Hospital Center
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Apr 14, 2009

Multimedia

Note the apoptotic sunburn cells in the epidermis...Media file 1: Note the apoptotic sunburn cells in the epidermis. Photograph courtesy of David Shum, MD, Division of Dermatology, University of Western Ontario.
Note the apoptotic sunburn cells in the epidermis...

Note the apoptotic sunburn cells in the epidermis. Photograph courtesy of David Shum, MD, Division of Dermatology, University of Western Ontario.

Acute sunburn of face after a soccer match in a 1...Media file 2: Acute sunburn of face after a soccer match in a 15 year-old female.
Acute sunburn of face after a soccer match in a 1...

Acute sunburn of face after a soccer match in a 15 year-old female.

Subacute sunburn of shoulder with peeling in a 21...Media file 3: Subacute sunburn of shoulder with peeling in a 21-year-old male.
Subacute sunburn of shoulder with peeling in a 21...

Subacute sunburn of shoulder with peeling in a 21-year-old male.

More on Sunburn

Overview: Sunburn
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Sunburn
Treatment & Medication: Sunburn
Follow-up: Sunburn
Multimedia: Sunburn
References

References

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  2. Walker SL, Hawk JL, Young AR. Acute effects of ultraviolet radiation on the skin. In: Freedberg IM, ed. Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2003:1275-1282.

  3. Walsh LJ. Ultraviolet B irradiation of skin induces mast cell degranulation and release of tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Immunol Cell Biol. Jun 1995;73(3):226-33. [Medline].

  4. Terui T, Takahashi K, Funayama M, Terunuma A, Ozawa M, Sasai S, et al. Occurrence of neutrophils and activated Th1 cells in UVB-induced erythema. Acta Derm Venereol. Jan-Feb 2001;81(1):8-13. [Medline].

  5. Clydesdale GJ, Dandie GW, Muller HK. Ultraviolet light induced injury: immunological and inflammatory effects. Immunol Cell Biol. Dec 2001;79(6):547-68. [Medline].

  6. Van Laethem A, Claerhout S, Garmyn M, Agostinis P. The sunburn cell: regulation of death and survival of the keratinocyte. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. Aug 2005;37(8):1547-53. [Medline].

  7. Kramer DA, Shayne P. Sun-induced disorders. In: Schwartz GR, ed. Principles and Practice of Emergency Medicine. 4th ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999:1581.

  8. Narbutt J, Lesiak A, Sysa-Jedrzejowska A, Boncela J, Wozniacka A, Norval M. Repeated exposures of humans to low doses of solar simulated radiation lead to limited photoadaptation and photoprotection against UVB-induced erythema and cytokine mRNA up-regulation. J Dermatol Sci. Mar 2007;45(3):210-2. [Medline].

  9. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Sunburn prevalence among adults--United States, 1999, 2003, and 2004. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. Jun 1 2007;56(21):524-8. [Medline][Full Text].

  10. Brown TT, Quain RD, Troxel AB, Gelfand JM. The epidemiology of sunburn in the US population in 2003. J Am Acad Dermatol. Oct 2006;55(4):577-83. [Medline].

  11. Cokkinides V, Weinstock M, Glanz K, Albano J, Ward E, Thun M. Trends in sunburns, sun protection practices, and attitudes toward sun exposure protection and tanning among US adolescents, 1998-2004. Pediatrics. Sep 2006;118(3):853-64. [Medline].

  12. Ultraviolet radiation: global solar UV index. Fact sheet No. 271. August 2002. World Health Organization. Available at http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs271/en/index.html.

  13. Fitzpatrick TB. The validity and practicality of sun-reactive skin types I through VI. Arch Dermatol. Jun 1988;124(6):869-71. [Medline].

  14. Lowe NJ. An overview of ultraviolet radiation, sunscreens, and photo-induced dermatoses. Dermatol Clin. Jan 2006;24(1):9-17. [Medline].

  15. Mukamal KJ. Alcohol consumption and self-reported sunburn: a cross-sectional, population-based survey. J Am Acad Dermatol. Oct 2006;55(4):584-9. [Medline].

  16. Edlich RF, Martin ML, Long WB. Thermal burns. In: Marx JA, ed. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier; 2006:918-9.

  17. Hatch KL, Osterwalder U. Garments as solar ultraviolet radiation screening materials. Dermatol Clin. Jan 2006;24(1):85-100. [Medline].

  18. Moehrle M, Koehle W, Dietz K, Lischka G. Reduction of minimal erythema dose by sweating. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. Dec 2000;16(6):260-2. [Medline].

  19. Bickers DR. Sun-induced disorders. Emerg Med Clin North Am. Nov 1985;3(4):659-76. [Medline].

  20. Rapaport MJ, Rapaport V. Preventive and therapeutic approaches to short- and long-term sun damaged skin. Clin Dermatol. Jul-Aug 1998;16(4):429-39. [Medline].

  21. Han A, Maibach HI. Management of acute sunburn. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2004;5(1):39-47. [Medline].

  22. Faurschou A, Wulf HC. Topical corticosteroids in the treatment of acute sunburn: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Arch Dermatol. May 2008;144(5):620-4. [Medline].

  23. Dietrich AJ, Olson AL, Sox CH, Stevens M, Tosteson TD, Ahles T, et al. A community-based randomized trial encouraging sun protection for children. Pediatrics. Dec 1998;102(6):E64. [Medline].

  24. Norman GJ, Adams MA, Calfas KJ, Covin J, Sallis JF, Rossi JS, et al. A randomized trial of a multicomponent intervention for adolescent sun protection behaviors. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. Feb 2007;161(2):146-52. [Medline].

  25. Gasparro FP, Brown D, Diffey BL, Knowland JS, Reeve V. Sun protective agents: formulations, effects and side effects. In: Freedberg IM, ed. Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2003:2344-2352.

  26. Autier P, Boniol M, Severi G, Dore JF,. Quantity of sunscreen used by European students. Br J Dermatol. Feb 2001;144(2):288-91. [Medline].

  27. Maier T, Korting HC. Sunscreens - which and what for?. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. Nov-Dec 2005;18(6):253-62. [Medline].

  28. Hawk JLM, Norris PG, Honigsmann H. Abnormal responses to ultraviolet radiation: idiopathic, probably immunologic, and photoexacerbated. In: Freedberg IM, ed. Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2003:1290-1295.

  29. Wightman JM, Hamilton GC. Red and painful eye. In: Marx JA, ed. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier; 2006:294.

Further Reading

Keywords

sunburn, sun burn, erythema solare, ultraviolet radiation, UVR, solar erythema, first-degree burn, superficial burn, second-degree burn, dehydration, shock, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, photosensitizing drugs, blistering, UVA, UVB, minimal erythema dose, MED

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Amy Caron, MD, Staff Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York University/Bellevue Medical Center
Amy Caron, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians and Emergency Medicine Residents Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Christopher M McStay, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York University, Bellevue Hospital Center
Christopher M McStay, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians and Wilderness Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

James Li, MD, Former Assistant Professor, Division of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Board of Directors, Remote Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: eMedicine Salary Employment

Managing Editor

A Antoine Kazzi, MD, Chair and Medical Director, Department of Emergency Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
A Antoine Kazzi, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

John D Halamka, MD, MS, Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Chief Information Officer, CareGroup Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician, Division of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
John D Halamka, MD, MS is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Informatics Association, Phi Beta Kappa, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Jonathan Adler, MD, Attending Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital; Division of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School
Jonathan Adler, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

 
 
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