Screening and Diagnostic Tests: Multimedia

References

1. Kabrhel C, Mark Courtney D, Camargo CA Jr, Moore CL, Richman PB, Plewa MC, et al. Potential impact of adjusting the threshold of the quantitative D-dimer based on pretest probability of acute pulmonary embolism. Acad Emerg Med. Apr 2009;16(4):325-32. [Medline].

2. Akobeng AK. Understanding diagnostic tests 2: likelihood ratios, pre- and post-test probabilities and their use in clinical practice. Acta Paediatr. Apr 2007;96(4):487-91. [Medline].

3. Fagan TJ. Letter: Nomogram for Bayes theorem. N Engl J Med. Jul 31 1975;293(5):257. [Medline].

4. Iannaccone R, Laghi A, Catalano C, Mangiapane F, Lamazza A, Schillaci A, et al. Computed tomographic colonography without cathartic preparation for the detection of colorectal polyps. Gastroenterology. Nov 2004;127(5):1300-11. [Medline].

5. Mayor D. Essential Evidenced-Based Medicine. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press; 2004:Chap 20-26.

6. [Best Evidence] Stein PD, Fowler SE, Goodman LR, Gottschalk A, Hales CA, Hull RD, et al. Multidetector computed tomography for acute pulmonary embolism. N Engl J Med. Jun 1 2006;354(22):2317-27. [Medline].

7. Wells PS, Anderson DR, Rodger M, Ginsberg JS, Kearon C, Gent M, et al. Derivation of a simple clinical model to categorize patients probability of pulmonary embolism: increasing the models utility with the SimpliRED D-dimer. Thromb Haemost. Mar 2000;83(3):416-20. [Medline].

Further Reading

Keywords

screening tests, diagnostic tests, disease probability, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, sensitivity, specificity, assessment, pretest probability, posttest probability, pre-test probability, post-test probability, likelihood ratios, Bayes theorem

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Jyoti Elavunkal, MD, Staff Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, Kings County Hospital Center
Jyoti Elavunkal, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Medical Association, American Medical Student Association/Foundation, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Richard H Sinert, DO, Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine, Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine, Research Director, State University of New York College of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kings County Hospital Center
Richard H Sinert, DO is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Jerome FX Naradzay, MD, FACEP, Medical Director, Consulting Staff, Department of Emergency Medicine, Maria Parham Hospital; Medical Examiner, Vance County, North Carolina
Jerome FX Naradzay, MD, FACEP is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: eMedicine Salary Employment

Managing Editor

Jon Mark Hirshon, MD, MPH, Associate Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine
Jon Mark Hirshon, MD, MPH is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, American Public Health Association, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

John D Halamka, MD, MS, Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Chief Information Officer, CareGroup Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician, Division of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
John D Halamka, MD, MS is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Informatics Association, Phi Beta Kappa, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Robert E O'Connor, MD, MPH, Professor and Chair, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia Health System
Robert E O'Connor, MD, MPH is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, American College of Physician Executives, American Heart Association, American Medical Association, Medical Society of Delaware, National Association of EMS Physicians, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, and Wilderness Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.