eMedicine Specialties > Emergency Medicine > Genitourinary
Phimosis and Paraphimosis: Differential Diagnoses & Workup
Updated: Apr 29, 2009
- Overview
- Differential Diagnoses & Workup
- Treatment & Medication
- Follow-up
- Multimedia
Differential Diagnoses
| Anasarca | Foreign body tourniquet, including hair, thread,
metallic object, or rubber bands |
| Angioedema | Penile carcinoma |
| Balanitis | Penile fracture |
| Bites, Insects | Penile hematoma |
| Cellulitis | |
| Dermatitis, Contact |
Other Problems to Be Considered
Urticaria
Penile hematoma
Penile fracture
Idiopathic penile edema
Hair or thread tourniquet
Workup
Laboratory Studies
Phimosis and paraphimosis are clinical diagnoses, and laboratory and imaging studies are not indicated.
More on Phimosis and Paraphimosis |
| Overview: Phimosis and Paraphimosis |
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Phimosis and Paraphimosis |
| Treatment & Medication: Phimosis and Paraphimosis |
| Follow-up: Phimosis and Paraphimosis |
| Multimedia: Phimosis and Paraphimosis |
| References |
| « Previous Page | Next Page » |
References
McGregor TB, Pike JG, Leonard MP. Pathologic and physiologic phimosis: approach to the phimotic foreskin. Can Fam Physician. Mar 2007;53(3):445-8. [Medline].
Tews M, Singer JI. Paraphimosis: Definition, pathophysiology, and clinical features. www.utdol.com [database online]. UpToDate Online; 9/20/2008. Updated 6/11/2008.
Lundquist ST, Stack LB. Diseases of the foreskin, penis, and urethra. Emerg Med Clin North Am. Aug 2001;19(3):529-46. [Medline].
Choe JM. Paraphimosis: current treatment options. Am Fam Physician. Dec 15 2000;62(12):2623-6, 2628. [Medline].
Little B, White M. Treatment options for paraphimosis. Int J Clin Pract. May 2005;59(5):591-3. [Medline].
Palmer LS, Palmer JS. The efficacy of topical betamethasone for treating phimosis: a comparison of two treatment regimens. Urology. Jul 2008;72(1):68-71. [Medline].
Atilla MK, Dundaroz R, Odabas O. A nonsurgical approach to the treatment of phimosis: local nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory ointment application. J Urol. Jul 1997;158(1):196-7. [Medline].
Brendler, CB. Evaluation of the urologic patient. In: Walsh PC, et al, eds. Campbell's Urology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1997:1-142.
DeVries CR, Miller AK, Packer MG. Reduction of paraphimosis with hyaluronidase. Urology. Sep 1996;48(3):464-5. [Medline].
Elder JS. Congenital anomalies of the genitalia. In: Walsh PC, et al, eds. Campbell's Urology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1997.
Gairdner D. The fate of the foreskin, a study of circumcision. Br Med J. Dec 24 1949;2(4642):1433-7, illust. [Medline].
Green M, Stange GR. Paraphimosis reduction. In: Henretig FM, King C, eds. Textbook of Pediatric Emergency Procedures. Baltimore, Md: 1997:1007-10.
Hamdy FC, Hastie KJ. Treatment for paraphimosis: the 'puncture' technique. Br J Surg. Oct 1990;77(10):1186. [Medline].
Imamura E, ALIA. Phimosis of infants and young children in Japan. Acta Paediatr Jpn. Aug 1997;39(4):403-5. [Medline].
Jones SA, Flynn RJ. An unusual (and somewhat piercing) cause of paraphimosis. Br J Urol. Nov 1996;78(5):803-4. [Medline].
Kerwat R, Shandall A, Stephenson B. Reduction of paraphimosis with granulated sugar. Br J Urol. Nov 1998;82(5):755. [Medline].
Litzky GM. Reduction of paraphimosis with hyaluronidase. Urology. Jul 1997;50(1):160. [Medline].
Monsour MA, Rabinovitch HH, Dean GE. Medical management of phimosis in children: our experience with topical steroids. J Urol. Sep 1999;162(3 Pt 2):1162-4. [Medline].
O'Donnell, JA II. Phimosis and paraphimosis. In: Barkin RM, et al, eds. Pediatric Emergency Medicine. 2nd ed. St Louis, Mo: Mosby; 1997:1152-3.
Oster J. Further fate of the foreskin. Incidence of preputial adhesions, phimosis, and smegma among Danish schoolboys. Arch Dis Child. Apr 1968;43(228):200-3. [Medline].
Treatment of Paraphimosis. Available at http://forum.doctissimo.fr/doctissimo/Prepuce-et-phimosis/cicatrice-operation-sujet_301_1.htm. Accessed October 21, 2008.
Waseem M, Devas G. Photo Quiz. Resident and Staff Physician [serial online]. June 2007;53(6):Accessed October 21, 2008. Available at http://www.residentandstaff.com/issues/articles/2007-06_09.asp.
Williams JC, Morrison PM, Richardson JR. Paraphimosis in elderly men. Am J Emerg Med. May 1995;13(3):351-3. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
phimosis, paraphimosis, congenital phimosis, acquired phimosis, physiologic phimosis, pathologic phimosis, entrapment of a retracted foreskin, uncircumcised penis, incorrectly circumcised penis, foreskin, glans penis, balanitis, balanoposthitis, dorsal slit of foreskin
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Phimosis and Paraphimosis