Hookworm in Emergency Medicine Follow-up

  • Author: Anika Baxter Tam, MD; Chief Editor: Rick Kulkarni, MD   more...
 
Updated: Mar 30, 2011
 

Further Inpatient Care

  • Inpatient care may be warranted for patients with severe anemia.
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Deterrence/Prevention

  • Household contacts of small children in rural areas are at risk of infection through fecal contamination of soil.
  • Skin contact with fecally contaminated soil should be avoided.
  • Shoes should be worn in endemic areas.
  • Family members may be screened to identify those who are infected but are asymptomatic.
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Complications

  • Iron deficiency anemia may occur.
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Prognosis

  • Prognosis is excellent with proper treatment.
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Patient Education

  • Encourage good personal hygiene.
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Contributor Information and Disclosures
Author

Anika Baxter Tam, MD  Staff Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York University / Bellevue Hospital

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Aaron Hexdall, MD  Assistant Professor, Director of the International Emergency Medicine Initiative, Department of Emergency Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Baystate Medical Center

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Eric L Weiss, MD, DTM&H  Director of Stanford Travel Medicine, Medical Director of Stanford Lifeflight, Assistant Professor, Departments of Emergency Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine

Eric L Weiss, MD, DTM&H is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, American Medical Association, American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Physicians for Social Responsibility, Southeastern Surgical Congress, Southern Association for Oncology, Southern Clinical Neurological Society, and Wilderness Medical Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Specialty Editor Board

Mark Louden, MD, FACEP  Assistant Medical Director, Emergency Department, Duke Raleigh Hospital

Mark Louden, MD, FACEP is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine and American College of Emergency Physicians

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD  Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine

Disclosure: eMedicine Salary Employment

Jeffrey L Arnold, MD, FACEP  Chairman, Department of Emergency Medicine, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center

Jeffrey L Arnold, MD, FACEP is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine and American College of Physicians

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

John D Halamka, MD, MS  Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Chief Information Officer, CareGroup Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician, Division of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

John D Halamka, MD, MS is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Informatics Association, Phi Beta Kappa, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Rick Kulkarni, MD 

Rick Kulkarni, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Association, American Medical Informatics Association, Phi Beta Kappa, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: WebMD Salary Employment

References
  1. Stoltzfus RJ, Dreyfuss ML, Chwaya HM. Hookworm control as a strategy to prevent iron deficiency. Nutr Rev. Jun 1997;55(6):223-32. [Medline].

  2. Keiser J, Utzinger J. The drugs we have and the drugs we need against major helminth infections. Adv Parasitol. 2010;73:197-230. [Medline].

  3. Bell DR. Soil transmitted helminths. In: Lecture Notes on Tropical Medicine. Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1985:165-92.

  4. de Silva NR, Brooker S, Hotez PJ. Soil-transmitted helminth infections: updating the global picture. Trends Parasitol. Dec 2003;19(12):547-51. [Medline].

  5. Freedman DO. Intestinal nematodes. In: Gorbach SL, Bartlett JG, Blacklow NR, eds. Infectious Diseases. WB Saunders Company; 1992:2003-8.

  6. Gilles HM. Intestinal nematode infections. In: Hunter's Tropical Medicine. WB Saunders Company; 1984:620-46.

  7. Hotez PJ. A plan to defeat neglected tropical diseases. Sci Am. Jan 2010;302(1):90-4, 96. [Medline].

  8. Hotez PJ, Brooker S, Bethony JM. Hookworm infection. N Engl J Med. Aug 19 2004;351(8):799-807. [Medline].

  9. Hotez PJ, Pritchard DI. Hookworm infection. Sci Am. Jun 1995;272(6):68-74. [Medline].

  10. Medical Letter, Inc. Drugs for parasitic infections. Med Lett Drugs Ther. The Medical Letter. Available at http://www.medletter.com. Accessed March 12, 2006.

  11. Nawalinski TA, Schad GA. Arrested development in Ancylostoma duodenale: course of a self-induced infection in man. Am J Trop Med Hyg. Sep 1974;23(5):895-8. [Medline].

  12. Rizzitelli G, Scarabelli G, Veraldi S. Albendazole: a new therapeutic regimen in cutaneous larva migrans. Int J Dermatol. Sep 1997;36(9):700-3. [Medline].

  13. Sakti H, Nokes C, Hertanto WS. Evidence for an association between hookworm infection and cognitive function in Indonesian school children. Trop Med Int Health. May 1999;4(5):322-34. [Medline].

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