eMedicine Specialties > Emergency Medicine > Obstetrics & Gynecology
Abruptio Placentae: Differential Diagnoses & Workup
Updated: Dec 12, 2008
- Overview
- Differential Diagnoses & Workup
- Treatment & Medication
- Follow-up
Differential Diagnoses
Workup
Laboratory Studies
- Hemoglobin
- Hematocrit
- Platelets
- Prothrombin time/activated partial thromboplastin time
- Fibrinogen
- Fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products
- D-dimer
- Blood type
Imaging Studies
- Ultrasonography helps determine the location of the placenta to exclude placenta previa. Ultrasonography is not very useful in diagnosing placental abruption.
- Retroplacental hematoma may be recognized in 2-25% of all abruptions.
- Recognition of retroplacental hematoma depends on the degree of hematoma and on the operator's skill level.
More on Abruptio Placentae |
| Overview: Abruptio Placentae |
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Abruptio Placentae |
| Treatment & Medication: Abruptio Placentae |
| Follow-up: Abruptio Placentae |
| References |
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References
Ananth CV, Oyelese Y, Yeo L, et al. Placental abruption in the United States, 1979 through 2001: temporal trends and potential determinants. Am J Obstet Gynecol. Jan 2005;192(1):191-8. [Medline].
Broers T, King WD, Arbuckle TE, Liu S. The occurrence of abruptio placentae in Canada: 1990 to 1997. Chronic Dis Can. 2004;25(2):16-20. [Medline].
Dahmus MA, Sibai BM. Blunt abdominal trauma: are there any predictive factors for abruptio placentae or maternal-fetal distress?. Am J Obstet Gynecol. Oct 1993;169(4):1054-9. [Medline].
Green JR. Placental abnormalities: Placenta previa and abruptio placentae. In: Creasy RK, Resnik R, eds. Maternal Fetal Medicine. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 1984:539.
Lowe TW, Cunningham FG. Placental abruption. Clin Obstet Gynecol. Sep 1990;33(3):406-13. [Medline].
Morgan MA, Berkowitz KM, Thomas SJ, et al. Abruptio placentae: perinatal outcome in normotensive and hypertensive patients. Am J Obstet Gynecol. Jun 1994;170(6):1595-9. [Medline].
Nolan TE, Smith RP, Devoe LD. A rapid test for abruptio placentae: evaluation of a D-dimer latex agglutination slide test. Am J Obstet Gynecol. Aug 1993;169(2 Pt 1):265-8; discussion 268-9. [Medline].
Plunkett J, Borecki I, Morgan T, et al. Population-based estimate of sibling risk for preterm birth, preterm premature rupture of membranes, placental abruption and pre-eclampsia. BMC Genet. Jul 8 2008;9:44. [Medline].
Pritchard JA, Mason R, Corley M, Pritchard S. Genesis of severe placental abruption. Am J Obstet Gynecol. Sep 1 1970;108(1):22-7. [Medline].
Signore C, Mills JL, Qian C, et al. Circulating angiogenic factors and placental abruption. Obstet Gynecol. Aug 2006;108(2):338-44. [Medline].
Steer PL, Finley BE, Blumenthal LA. Abruptio placentae and disseminated intravascular coagulation: use of thrombelastography and sonoclot analysis. Int J Obstet Anesth. 1994;3(4):229-233. [Medline].
Steinborn A, Seidl C, Sayehli C, et al. Anti-fetal immune response mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of placental abruption. Clin Immunol. Jan 2004;110(1):45-54. [Medline].
Tikkanen M, Nuutila M, Hiilesmaa V. Clinical presentation and risk factors of placental abruption. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2006;85(6):700-5. [Medline].
Toivonen S, Heinonen S, Anttila M, et al. Obstetric prognosis after placental abruption. Fetal Diagn Ther. Jul-Aug 2004;19(4):336-41. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
abruptio placentae, placental abruption, cesarean delivery, cesarean birth, cesarean section, c-section, Couvelaire uterus, separation of the placenta, vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, back pain, uterine tenderness, fetal distress, abnormal uterine contractions, idiopathic premature labor, fetal death
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Abruptio Placentae