eMedicine Specialties > Emergency Medicine > Ophthalmology

Burns, Ocular: Differential Diagnoses & Workup

Author: Cheri N Melsaether, MD, Resident Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Coauthor(s): Carlo L Rosen, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Program Director, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/ Harvard Affiliated Emergency Medicine Residency program
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Aug 12, 2009

Differential Diagnoses

Corneal Ulceration and Ulcerative Keratitis
Ultraviolet Keratitis

Workup

Laboratory Studies

  • Ocular pH measurement is essential in the evaluation of a chemical burn. No additional laboratory studies are warranted in cases of isolated ocular injury. Additional studies should be considered if warranted by coexisting injuries.

More on Burns, Ocular

Overview: Burns, Ocular
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Burns, Ocular
Treatment & Medication: Burns, Ocular
Follow-up: Burns, Ocular
References
Further Reading

References

  1. Tuft SJ, Shortt AJ. Surgical rehabilitation following severe ocular burns. Eye. Jan 23 2009;[Medline].

  2. Merle H, Gerard M, Schrage N. [Ocular burns]. J Fr Ophtalmol. Sep 2008;31(7):723-34. [Medline].

  3. Xiang H, Stallones L, Chen G, Smith GA. Work-related eye injuries treated in hospital emergency departments in the US. Am J Ind Med. Jul 2005;48(1):57-62. [Medline].

  4. Stern JD, Goldfarb IW, Slater H. Ophthalmological complications as a manifestation of burn injury. Burns. Mar 1996;22(2):135-6. [Medline].

  5. Kuckelkorn R, Schrage N, Keller G, Redbrake C. Emergency treatment of chemical and thermal eye burns. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. Feb 2002;80(1):4-10. [Medline].

  6. Das S, Chohan A, Snibson GR, Taylor HR. Capsicum spray injury of the eye. Int Ophthalmol. Aug-Oct 2005;26(4-5):171-3. [Medline].

  7. Javadi MA, Yazdani S, Sajjadi H, et al. Chronic and delayed-onset mustard gas keratitis: report of 48 patients and review of literature. Ophthalmology. Apr 2005;112(4):617-25. [Medline].

  8. Ikeda N, Hayasaka S, Hayasaka Y, Watanabe K. Alkali burns of the eye: effect of immediate copious irrigation with tap water on their severity. Ophthalmologica. 2006;220(4):225-8. [Medline].

  9. Prabhasawat P, Tesavibul N, Prakairungthong N, Booranapong W. Efficacy of amniotic membrane patching for acute chemical and thermal ocular burns. J Med Assoc Thai. Feb 2007;90(2):319-26. [Medline].

  10. Tejwani S, Kolari RS, Sangwan VS, Rao GN. Role of amniotic membrane graft for ocular chemical and thermal injuries. Cornea. Jan 2007;26(1):21-6. [Medline].

  11. Peate WF. Work-related eye injuries and illnesses. Am Fam Physician. Apr 1 2007;75(7):1017-22. [Medline].

  12. Bentur Y, Tannenbaum S, Yaffe Y, Halpert M. The role of calcium gluconate in the treatment of hydrofluoric acid eye burn. Ann Emerg Med. Sep 1993;22(9):1488-90. [Medline].

  13. Blais BR. Treating chemical eye injuries. Occup Health Saf. Sep 1996;65(9):23-6. [Medline].

  14. Bouchard CS, Morno K, Perkins J, McDonnell JF, Dicken R. Ocular complications of thermal injury: a 3-year retrospective. J Trauma. Jan 2001;50(1):79-82. [Medline].

  15. Corazza M, Trincone S, Virgili A. Effects of airbag deployment: lesions, epidemiology, and management. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2004;5(5):295-300. [Medline].

  16. Gangadhar DV, Kenyon KR, Wagoner MD. The surgical management of chemical ocular injuries: present and future strategies. Int Ophthalmol Clin. Winter 1995;35(1):63-9. [Medline].

  17. Guy PR, Taggart I, Adeniran A, Burd DA. Corneal burns with eyelid sparing and their treatment. Burns. Dec 1994;20(6):561-3. [Medline].

  18. Gérard M, Merle H, Ayeboua L, Richer R. [Prospective study of eye burns at the Fort de France University Hospital]. J Fr Ophtalmol. Oct 1999;22(8):834-47. [Medline].

  19. Hammerton ME. Management of ocular burns. Aust Fam Physician. Jun 1995;24(6):1006-10. [Medline].

  20. Khaw PT, Shah P, Elkington AR. Injury to the eye. BMJ. Jan 3 2004;328(7430):36-8. [Medline].

  21. Kirkpatrick JJ, Enion DS, Burd DA. Hydrofluoric acid burns: a review. Burns. Nov 1995;21(7):483-93. [Medline].

  22. Lubeck D, Greene JS. Corneal injuries. Emerg Med Clin North Am. Feb 1988;6(1):73-94. [Medline].

  23. Onofrey BE. Management of corneal burns. Optom Clin. 1995;4(3):31-40. [Medline].

  24. Ryan CM, Schoenfeld DA, Thorpe WP, Sheridan RL, Cassem EH, Tompkins RG. Objective estimates of the probability of death from burn injuries. N Engl J Med. Feb 5 1998;338(6):362-6. [Medline].

  25. Saini JS, Sharma A. Ocular chemical burns--clinical and demographic profile. Burns. Feb 1993;19(1):67-9. [Medline].

  26. Shukla PC. Ocular burn from microwaved egg. Pediatr Emerg Care. Aug 1994;10(4):229-31. [Medline].

  27. Still JM Jr, Law EJ, Belcher KE, Moses KC, Gleitsmann KY. Experience with burns of the eyes and lids in a regional burn unit. J Burn Care Rehabil. May-Jun 1995;16(3 Pt 1):248-52. [Medline].

  28. White JE, McClafferty K, Orton RB, Tokarewicz AC, Nowak ES. Ocular alkali burn associated with automobile air-bag activation. CMAJ. Oct 1 1995;153(7):933-4. [Medline].

Further Reading

Related eMedicine topics 
  
Burns, Chemical (from Ophthalmology)
Burns, Chemical (from Emergency Medicine)
Facial Burns (from Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery)
Burns, Chemical (from Dermatology)
Hydrofluoric Acid Burns (from Emergency Medicine)  

Guidelines  

Management of Burns and Scalds in Primary Care  

Eye

Clinical studies  

The Role of Amniotic Membrane Transplantation in Ocular Chemical Burns

Keywords

eye burns, ocular burns, sclera burns, conjunctiva burns, cornea burns, eyelid burns, conjunctival burns, scleral burns, corneal burns, chemical burns to the eye, ocular injury

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Cheri N Melsaether, MD, Resident Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Disclosure: beth israel deaconess medical center Honoraria Other

Coauthor(s)

Carlo L Rosen, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Program Director, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/ Harvard Affiliated Emergency Medicine Residency program
Carlo L Rosen, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Debra Slapper, MD, Consulting Staff, Department of Emergency Medicine, St Anthony's Hospital
Debra Slapper, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: eMedicine Salary Employment

Managing Editor

Douglas Lavenburg, MD, Clinical Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Christiana Care Health Systems
Douglas Lavenburg, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

John D Halamka, MD, MS, Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Chief Information Officer, CareGroup Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician, Division of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
John D Halamka, MD, MS is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Informatics Association, Phi Beta Kappa, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Jonathan Adler, MD, Attending Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital; Division of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School
Jonathan Adler, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

 
 
HONcode

We subscribe to the
HONcode principles of the
Health On the Net Foundation

All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright© 1994- by Medscape.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.

DISCLAIMER: The content of this Website is not influenced by sponsors. The site is designed primarily for use by qualified physicians and other medical professionals. The information contained herein should NOT be used as a substitute for the advice of an appropriately qualified and licensed physician or other health care provider. The information provided here is for educational and informational purposes only. In no way should it be considered as offering medical advice. Please check with a physician if you suspect you are ill.