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Plant Poisoning, Oxalates: Differential Diagnoses & Workup

Author: Jason F Kearney, MD, Consulting Staff, Department of Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine Associates, PC, Southwest Washington Medical Center
Coauthor(s): William K Chiang, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York University School of Medicine; Chief of Service, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bellevue Hospital Center
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: May 27, 2009

Differential Diagnoses

Angioedema
Plant Poisoning, Hypoglycemics
Conjunctivitis
Plant Poisoning, Licorice
Corneal Abrasion
Plant Poisoning, Resins
Dermatitis, Contact
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Plant Poisoning, Glycosides - Cardiac
Plant Poisoning, Glycosides - Coumarin
Plant Poisoning, Herbs

Other Problems to Be Considered

Caustic ingestions

More on Plant Poisoning, Oxalates

Overview: Plant Poisoning, Oxalates
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Plant Poisoning, Oxalates
Treatment & Medication: Plant Poisoning, Oxalates
Follow-up: Plant Poisoning, Oxalates
Multimedia: Plant Poisoning, Oxalates
References

References

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  2. Lin TJ, Hung DZ, Hu WH, Yang DY, Wu TC, Deng JF. Calcium oxalate is the main toxic component in clinical presentations of alocasis macrorrhiza (L) Schott and Endl poisonings. Vet Hum Toxicol. Apr 1998;40(2):93-5. [Medline].

  3. Zhong LY, Wu H. [Current researching situation of mucosal irritant compontents in Araceae family plants]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. Sep 2006;31(18):1561-3. [Medline].

  4. Bronstein AC, Spyker DA, Cantilena LR Jr, Green JL, Rumack BH, Heard SE. 2007 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 25th Annual Report. Clin Toxicol (Phila). Dec 2008;46(10):927-1057. [Medline][Full Text].

  5. Cheeke PR. Endogenous toxins and mycotoxins in forage grasses and their effects on livestock. J Anim Sci. Mar 1995;73(3):909-18. [Medline][Full Text].

  6. Fochtman FW, Manno JE, Winek CL, Cooper JA. Toxicity of the genus Dieffenbachia. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. Jul 1969;15:38-45. [Medline].

  7. Jaspersen-Schib R, Theus L, Guirguis-Oeschger M, Gossweiler B, Meier-Abt PJ. [Serious plant poisonings in Switzerland 1966-1994. Case analysis from the Swiss Toxicology Information Center]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr. Jun 22 1996;126(25):1085-98. [Medline].

  8. Krenzelok EP, Jacobsen TD, Aronis JM. Plant exposures: a state profile of the most common species. Vet Hum Toxicol. Aug 1996;38(4):289-98. [Medline].

  9. Lampe KF. AMA Handbook of Poisonous and Injurious Plants. AMA; 1985:1-6, 72.

  10. Loretti AP, da Silva Ilha MR, Ribeiro RE. Accidental fatal poisoning of a dog by Dieffenbachia picta (dumb cane). Vet Hum Toxicol. Oct 2003;45(5):233-9. [Medline].

  11. Manríquez O, Varas J, Ríos JC, Concha F, Paris E. Analysis of 156 cases of plant intoxication received in the Toxicologic Information Center at Catholic University of Chile. Vet Hum Toxicol. Feb 2002;44(1):31-2. [Medline].

  12. McIntire MS, Guest JR, Porterfield JF. Philodendron--an infant death. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1990;28(2):177-83. [Medline].

  13. Mitchell JC, Rook A. Botanical Dermatology: Plants and Plant Products. 1979:114-5.

  14. Mrvos R, Dean BS, Krenzelok EP. Philodendron/dieffenbachia ingestions: are they a problem?. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1991;29(4):485-91. [Medline].

  15. Ogzewalla CD, Bonfiglio JF, Sigell LT. Common plants and their toxicity. Pediatr Clin North Am. Dec 1987;34(6):1557-98. [Medline].

  16. Pamies RJ, Powell R, Herold AH, Martinez J III. The dieffenbachia plant. Case history. J Fla Med Assoc. Nov 1992;79(11):760-1. [Medline].

  17. Rauber A. Observations on the idioblasts of Dieffenbachia. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1985;23(2-3):79-90. [Medline].

  18. Tagwireyi D, Ball DE. The management of Elephant's Ear poisoning. Hum Exp Toxicol. Apr 2001;20(4):189-92. [Medline].

  19. Watson JT, Jones RC, Siston AM, Diaz PS, Gerber SI, Crowe JB. Outbreak of food-borne illness associated with plant material containing raphides. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2005;43(1):17-21. [Medline].

Further Reading

Keywords

plant poisoning, poisonous plant, toxic plants, oxalate crystals, oxalate exposures, Philodendron, Dieffenbachia, Anthurium, Anthurium species, Arum, Araceae, Arisaema species, Caladium, Caladium bicolor, Calla lily, Zantedeschia species, Chinese evergreen, Aglaonema species, Dieffenbachia, Dieffenbachia species, Jack-in-the pulpit, Arisaema triphyllum, Monstera, Ceriman, Monstera deliciosa, Nephthytis, Syngonium podophyllum, Philodendron, Philodendron species, Pothos or Hunter's robe, Epipremnum aureum, skunk cabbage, Symplocarpus foetidus

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Jason F Kearney, MD, Consulting Staff, Department of Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine Associates, PC, Southwest Washington Medical Center
Jason F Kearney, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

William K Chiang, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York University School of Medicine; Chief of Service, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bellevue Hospital Center
William K Chiang, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Clinical Toxicology, American College of Medical Toxicology, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Miguel C Fernández, MD, FAAEM, FACEP, FACMT, Associate Clinical Professor; Medical and Managing Director, South Texas Poison Center, Department of Surgery/Emergency Medicine and Toxicology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
Miguel C Fernández, MD, FAAEM, FACEP, FACMT is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Clinical Toxicology, American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, American College of Medical Toxicology, American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, and Texas Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

John T VanDeVoort, PharmD, Regional Director of Pharmacy, Sacred Heart & St. Joseph's Hospitals
John T VanDeVoort, PharmD is a member of the following medical societies: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Michael Hodgman, MD, Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bassett Healthcare
Michael Hodgman, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Medical Toxicology, American College of Physicians, Medical Society of the State of New York, and Wilderness Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

John D Halamka, MD, MS, Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Chief Information Officer, CareGroup Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician, Division of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
John D Halamka, MD, MS is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Informatics Association, Phi Beta Kappa, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Asim Tarabar, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Section of Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale-New Haven Hospital
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

 
 
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