Ankle Dislocation in Emergency Medicine Differential Diagnoses
- Author: James E Keany, MD, FACEP; Chief Editor: Rick Kulkarni, MD more...
Differential Diagnoses
- Ankle Injury, Soft Tissue
- Dislocations, Foot
- Fractures, Ankle
- Fractures, Foot
- Subtalar Joint Subluxation
- Talar Dislocation
Thangarajah T, Giotakis N, Matovu E. Bilateral ankle dislocation without malleolar fracture. J Foot Ankle Surg. Sep-Oct 2008;47(5):441-6. [Medline].
Wilson M, Michele A, Jacobsen E. Ankle dislocations without fracture. JBJS. January 1939;21:198-204.
Moehring HD, Tan RT, Marder RA, Lian G. Ankle dislocation. J Orthop Trauma. 1994;8(2):167-72. [Medline].
Tarantino U, Cannata G, Gasbarra E, Bondi L, Celi M, Iundusi R. Open medial dislocation of the ankle without fracture. J Bone Joint Surg Br. Oct 2008;90(10):1382-4. [Medline].
Ross A, Catanzariti AR, Mendicino RW. The hematoma block: a simple, effective technique for closed reduction of ankle fracture dislocations. J Foot Ankle Surg. Jul-Aug 2011;50(4):507-9. [Medline].
Grotz MR, Alpantaki K, Kagda FH, Papacostidis C, Barron D, Giannoudis PV. Open tibiotalar dislocation without associated fracture in a 7-year-old girl. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). Jun 2008;37(6):E116-8. [Medline].
Lübbeke A, Salvo D, Stern R, Hoffmeyer P, Holzer N, Assal M. Risk factors for post-traumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle: an eighteen year follow-up study. Int Orthop. Jan 17 2012;[Medline].
Agrawal AC, Raza H, Haq R. Closed posterior dislocation of the ankle without fracture. Indian J Orthop. Jul 2008;42(3):360-2. [Medline].
Camarda L, Martorana U, D'Arienzo M. Posterior subtalar dislocation. Orthopedics. Jul 2009;32(7):530. [Medline].
Daffner RH. Ankle trauma. Semin Roentgenol. Apr 1994;29(2):134-51. [Medline].
Daffner RH. Ankle trauma. Radiol Clin North Am. Mar 1990;28(2):395-421. [Medline].
Dean DB. Field management of displaced ankle fractures: techniques for successful reduction. Wilderness Environ Med. Spring 2009;20(1):57-60. [Medline].
Distefano S, Divita G. A case of pure dislocation of the ankle joint. Ital J Orthop Traumatol. Mar 1988;14(1):133-7. [Medline].
Finkemeier C, Engebretsen L, Gannon J. Tibial-talar dislocation without fracture: treatment principles and outcome. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 1995;3(1):47-9. [Medline].
Graeme KA, Jackimczyk KC. The extremities and spine. Emerg Med Clin North Am. May 1997;15(2):365-79. [Medline].
Greenbaum MA, Pupp GR. Ankle dislocation without fracture: an unusual case report. J Foot Surg. May-Jun 1992;31(3):238-40. [Medline].
Griffiths HJ. Trauma to the ankle and foot. Crit Rev Diagn Imaging. 1986;26(1):45-105. [Medline].
Krishnamurthy S, Schultz RJ. Pure posteromedial dislocation of the ankle joint. A case report. Clin Orthop Relat Res. Dec 1985;(201):68-70. [Medline].
Merianos P, Papagiannakos K, Hatzis A, Tsafantakis E. Peritalar dislocation: a follow-up report of 21 cases. Injury. Nov 1988;19(6):439-42. [Medline].
Mooney JF, Naylor PT, Poehling GG. Anterolateral ankle dislocation without fracture. South Med J. Feb 1991;84(2):244-7. [Medline].
Schuberth JM. Diagnosis of ankle injuries: the essentials. J Foot Ankle Surg. Mar-Apr 1994;33(2):214. [Medline].
Wehner J, Lorenz M. Lateral ankle dislocation without fracture. J Orthop Trauma. 1990;4(3):362-5. [Medline].
Wilson AB, Toriello EA. Lateral rotatory dislocation of the ankle without fracture. J Orthop Trauma. 1991;5(1):93-5. [Medline].
Wroble RR, Nepola JV, Malvitz TA. Ankle dislocation without fracture. Foot Ankle. Oct 1988;9(2):64-74. [Medline].

