Fracture, Femur: Differential Diagnoses & Workup

References

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2. Baron JA, Karagas M, Barrett J, Kniffin W, Malenka D, Mayor M, et al. Basic epidemiology of fractures of the upper and lower limb among Americans over 65 years of age. Epidemiology. Nov 1996;7(6):612-8. [Medline].

3. Blasier RD, Aronson J, Tursky EA. External fixation of pediatric femur fractures. J Pediatr Orthop. May-Jun 1997;17(3):342-6. [Medline].

4. Braten M, Helland P, Myhre HO, Molster A, Terjesen T. 11 femoral fractures with vascular injury: good outcome with early vascular repair and internal fixation. Acta Orthop Scand. Apr 1996;67(2):161-4. [Medline].

5. Clinkscales CM, Peterson HA. Isolated closed diaphyseal fractures of the femur in children: comparison of effectiveness and cost of several treatment methods. Orthopedics. Dec 1997;20(12):1131-6. [Medline].

6. DiChristina DG, Riemer BL, Butterfield SL, Burke CJ 3rd, Herron MK, Phillips DJ. Femur fractures with femoral or popliteal artery injuries in blunt trauma. J Orthop Trauma. Dec 1994;8(6):494-503. [Medline].

7. Harrington KD. Orthopaedic management of extremity and pelvic lesions. Clin Orthop. Mar 1995;(312):136-47. [Medline].

8. Hogan TM. Hip and femur. In: Hart RG, Rittenberry TJ, Uehara DT, eds. Handbook of Orthopaedic Emergencies. Publishers: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999:307-8.

9. Illgen R 2nd, Rodgers WB, Hresko MT, Waters PM, Zurakowski D, Kasser JR. Femur fractures in children: treatment with early sitting spica casting. J Pediatr Orthop. Jul-Aug 1998;18(4):481-7. [Medline].

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12. Mahaisavariya B, Laupattarakasem W. Late open nailing for neglected femoral shaft fractures. Injury. Oct 1995;26(8):527-9. [Medline].

13. Mohr VD, Eickhoff U, Haaker R, Klammer HL. External fixation of open femoral shaft fractures. J Trauma. Apr 1995;38(4):648-52. [Medline].

14. Robertson P, Karol LA, Rab GT. Open fractures of the tibia and femur in children. J Pediatr Orthop. Sep-Oct 1996;16(5):621-6. [Medline].

15. Salminen S, Pihlajamaki H, Avikainen V, Kyro A, Bostman O. Specific features associated with femoral shaft fractures caused by low-energy trauma. J Trauma. Jul 1997;43(1):117-22. [Medline].

16. Sartoretti C, Sartoretti-Schefer S, Ruckert R, Buchmann P. Comorbid conditions in old patients with femur fractures. J Trauma. Oct 1997;43(4):570-7. [Medline].

17. Starr AJ, Hunt JL, Reinert CM. Treatment of femur fracture with associated vascular injury. J Trauma. Jan 1996;40(1):17-21. [Medline].

Further Reading

Keywords

femur fracture, femoral diaphysis, fractures of the femoral diaphysis, femoral shaft fractures, spiral femur fractures, transverse femur fractures, comminuted femur fractures, open femur fractures, diaphyseal fractures, hip fractures, ligamentous knee injuries

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