Facial Bone Anatomy: Multimedia

References

1. Beaty NB, Le TT. Mandibular thickness measurements in young dentate adults. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Sep 2009;135(9):920-3. [Medline].

2. Berkovitz BK, Moxham BJ. A Textbook of Head & Neck Anatomy. 1st ed. Mosby-Year Book;1988.

3. Bron AJ, Tripathi RC, Tripathi BJ. Wolff's Anatomy of the Eye and Orbit. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;1997.

4. Dutton JJ. Atlas of Clinical and Surgical Orbital Anatomy. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co;1994.

5. Haribhakti VV. The dentate adult human mandible: an anatomic basis for surgical decision making. Plast Reconstr Surg. Mar 1996;97(3):536-41; discussion 542-3. [Medline].

6. Lang J. Clinical Anatomy of the Nose, Nasal Cavity, and Paranasal Sinuses. NY: Thieme Medical Publishers;1989.

7. Miller PJ, Smith S, Shah A. The subzygomatic fossa: a practical landmark in identifying the zygomaticus major muscle. Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery. Jul-Aug 2007;9(4):271-4. [Medline].

8. Netter FH. Atlas of Human Anatomy. NY: Novartis Medical Education;1989.

9. Prabhu LV, Ranade AV, Rai R, Pai MM, Kumar A, Sinha P. The nasal septum: an osteometric study of 16 cadaver specimens. Ear Nose Throat J. Aug 2009;88(8):1052-6. [Medline].

10. Rohen JW, Yokochi C. Color Atlas of Anatomy. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;1988.

11. Webster RC, Gaunt JM, Hamdan US, et al. Supraorbital and supratrochlear notches and foramina: anatomical variations and surgical relevance. Laryngoscope. Mar 1986;96(3):311-5. [Medline].

12. Zide BM, Swift R. How to block and tackle the face. Plast Reconstr Surg. Mar 1998;101(3):840-51. [Medline].

Further Reading

Keywords

facial bone anatomy, facial anatomy, bones of the face, mandible, maxilla, frontal bone, nasal bones, zygoma, facial skeleton, facial bones

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Babak Jahan-Parwar, MD, Staff Surgeon, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Baldwin Park Medical Center
Babak Jahan-Parwar, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha and American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Keith Blackwell, MD, Fellowship Director, Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California at Los Angeles School of Medicine
Keith Blackwell, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and American College of Surgeons
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Mimi S Kokoska, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences; Chief, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System
Mimi S Kokoska, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American College of Physician Executives, American College of Surgeons, American Head and Neck Society, and Arkansas Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: eMedicine Salary Employment

Managing Editor

Stephen G Batuello, MD, Consulting Staff, Colorado ENT Specialists
Stephen G Batuello, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American College of Physician Executives, American Medical Association, and Colorado Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Christopher L Slack, MD, Otolaryngology-Facial Plastic Surgery, Private Practice, Associated Coastal ENT; Medical Director, Treasure Coast Sleep Disorders
Christopher L Slack, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and American Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA, Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine
Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and American Head and Neck Society
Disclosure: Covidien Corp Consulting fee Consulting; US Tobacco Corporation unstricted gift unknown; Axis Three Corporation Ownership interest Consulting; Omni Biosciences Ownership interest Consulting; Sentegra Ownership interest Board membership; Syndicom Ownership interest Consulting; Oxlo  Consulting; Medvoy Ownership interest Management position