Facial Fractures Medication

  • Author: Timothy J Rupp, MD, FACEP, FAAEM; Chief Editor: Craig C Young, MD   more...
 
Updated: Sep 12, 2011
 

Medication Summary

The goals of pharmacotherapy are to reduce morbidity and prevent complications.

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Analgesics

Class Summary

Pain control is essential to quality patient care. Analgesics ensure patient comfort and have sedating properties, which are beneficial for patients who have sustained injuries.

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Ibuprofen (Motrin, Ibuprin)

 

DOC for patients with mild to moderate pain. Inhibits inflammatory reactions and pain by decreasing prostaglandin synthesis.

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Acetaminophen (Feverall, Tylenol, Aspirin Free Anacin)

 

DOC for pain in patients with a documented hypersensitivity to aspirin or NSAIDs, with upper GI disease, or who are taking PO anticoagulants.

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Acetaminophen and hydrocodone (Lortab, Norcet, Vicodin, Lorcet HD)

 

Drug combination indicated for moderate to severe pain.

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Aspirin and oxycodone (Percodan, Roxiprin, Codoxy)

 

Drug combination indicated for the relief of moderate to severe pain.

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Ketorolac (Toradol)

 

Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis by decreasing the activity of the enzyme cyclooxygenase, which results in decreased formation of prostaglandin precursors.

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Morphine (Duramorph, Astramorph, MS Contin)

 

DOC for analgesia because of its reliable and predictable effects, safety profile, and ease of reversibility with naloxone.

Various IV doses are used; commonly titrated until desired effect is obtained.

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Antiemetics

Class Summary

Antiemetics are useful in the treatment of symptomatic nausea.

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Promethazine (Phenergan, Anergan, Prorex, Phenazine)

 

Anti-dopaminergic agent that is effective in treating emesis. Blocks postsynaptic mesolimbic dopaminergic receptors in the brain and reduces stimuli to the brainstem reticular system.

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Ondansetron (Zofran)

 

Selective 5-HT3-receptor antagonist that blocks serotonin both peripherally and centrally. Prevents nausea and vomiting associated with emetogenic cancer chemotherapy (eg, high-dose cisplatin) and complete body radiotherapy.

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Contributor Information and Disclosures
Author

Timothy J Rupp, MD, FACEP, FAAEM  Associate Medical Director, Physicians Emergency Care Associates, Methodist Health System; Clinical Physician, Children's Medical Center of Dallas and Children's Medical Center at Legacy, Plano; Clincal Associate Professor, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas

Timothy J Rupp, MD, FACEP, FAAEM is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Association, and Texas Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Steven J Karageanes, DO  Director, Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellowship, Director, Sports Medicine Education, Center for Orthopedics and Neuroscience; Department of Medical Education, Oakwood Healthcare System

Steven J Karageanes, DO is a member of the following medical societies: American Medical Association, American Osteopathic Association, and Michigan State Medical Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Specialty Editor Board

Gerard A Malanga, MD  Director of Pain Management, Overlook Hospital; Director of PM&R Sports Medicine Fellowship, Atlantic Health; Clinical Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School; Clinical Chief, Rehabilitation Medicine and Electrodiagnosis, St Michael's Medical Center; Fellow, American College of Sports Medicine

Gerard A Malanga, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, American College of Sports Medicine, American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, International Spine Intervention Society, and North American Spine Society

Disclosure: Cephalon Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Endo Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Genzyme Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Prostakan Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Pfizer Consulting fee Speaking and teaching

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD  Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Medscape Salary Employment

Henry T Goitz, MD  Academic Chair and Associate Director, Detroit Medical Center Sports Medicine Institute; Director, Education, Research, and Injury Prevention Center; Co-Director, Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Fellowship

Henry T Goitz, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Jon B Whitehurst, MD  Clinical Instructor of Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine; Partner, Rockford Orthopedic Associates; Orthopedic Chairman, Rockford Memorial Hospital

Jon B Whitehurst, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, and Arthroscopy Association of North America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Craig C Young, MD  Professor, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Community and Family Medicine, Medical Director of Sports Medicine, Director of Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellowship, Medical College of Wisconsin

Craig C Young, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Family Physicians, American College of Sports Medicine, American Medical Society for Sports Medicine, and Phi Beta Kappa

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

References

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The bony walls of the orbit.
Le Fort fractures.
Mandibular fractures.
 
 
 
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