eMedicine Specialties > Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery > Inner Ear

Cochlear Implants, Indications: Multimedia

Author: Brandon Isaacson, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Coauthor(s): Kenneth H Lee, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Consulting Staff, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Medical Center, Dallas; Joe Walter Kutz Jr, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Peter S Roland, MD, Professor, Department of Neurological Surgery, Professor and Chairman, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Director of Clinical Center for Auditory, Vestibular and Facial Nerve Disorders, Chief of Pediatric Otology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Adjunct Professor of Communicative Disorders, School of Human Development.; Eric W Sargent, MD, Clinical Associate Professor, Wayne State University, Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Michigan Ear Institute
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Jul 8, 2008

Multimedia

Cochlear implant electrode passing through the fa...
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Media file 1: Cochlear implant electrode passing through the facial recess to the scala tympani.
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Cochlear implant electrode passing through the fa...

Cochlear implant electrode passing through the facial recess to the scala tympani.

Cochlear malformations. Neural foramen on the rig...
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Media file 2: Cochlear malformations. Neural foramen on the right is absent. Right arrow indicates a rudimentary vestibule. On the left is a severe cochlear malformation (large arrow). Small arrow indicates the internal auditory canal.
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Cochlear malformations. Neural foramen on the rig...

Cochlear malformations. Neural foramen on the right is absent. Right arrow indicates a rudimentary vestibule. On the left is a severe cochlear malformation (large arrow). Small arrow indicates the internal auditory canal.

Labyrinthitis ossificans. Cochlea on the left is ...
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Media file 3: Labyrinthitis ossificans. Cochlea on the left is obliterated by bone after meningitis. Scala tympani of the cochlea on the right was patent, and the patient underwent successful implantation with complete electrode insertion.
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Labyrinthitis ossificans. Cochlea on the left is ...

Labyrinthitis ossificans. Cochlea on the left is obliterated by bone after meningitis. Scala tympani of the cochlea on the right was patent, and the patient underwent successful implantation with complete electrode insertion.

This axial FIESTA image of the basal turn of the ...
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Media file 4: This axial FIESTA image of the basal turn of the cochlea demonstrates loss of T2 signal in the scala tympani. This patient has a history of pneumococcal meningitis with profound hearing loss.
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This axial FIESTA image of the basal turn of the ...

This axial FIESTA image of the basal turn of the cochlea demonstrates loss of T2 signal in the scala tympani. This patient has a history of pneumococcal meningitis with profound hearing loss.

More on Cochlear Implants, Indications

References
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References

  1. Reefhuis J, Honein MA, Whitney CG, et al. Risk of bacterial meningitis in children with cochlear implants. N Engl J Med. Jul 31 2003;349(5):435-45. [Medline].

  2. Smith PJ, Nuorti JP, Singleton JA, et al. Effect of vaccine shortages on timeliness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination: results from the 2001-2005 National Immunization Survey. Pediatrics. Nov 2007;120(5):e1165-73. [Medline].

  3. www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/RR/RR4909.pdf.

  4. House JW, Doherty JK, Fisher LM, Derebery MJ, Berliner KI. Meniere's disease: prevalence of contralateral ear involvement. Otol Neurotol. Apr 2006;27(3):355-61. [Medline].

  5. Noise-Induced Hearing Loss. Available at http://www.medhelp.org/NIHlib/GF-331.html.

  6. Gordon KA, Valero J, Papsin BC. Auditory brainstem activity in children with 9-30 months of bilateral cochlear implant use. Hear Res. Nov 2007;233(1-2):97-107. [Medline].

  7. Balkany T, Hodges A, Telischi F, Hoffman R, Madell J, Parisier S. William House Cochlear Implant Study Group: position statement on bilateral cochlear implantation. Otol Neurotol. Feb 2008;29(2):107-8. [Medline].

  8. Brown KD, Balkany TJ. Benefits of bilateral cochlear implantation: a review. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Oct 2007;15(5):315-8. [Medline].

  9. Camp GV, Smith R. Hereditary Hearing Loss Homepage. Hereditary Hearing Loss Homepage. Available at http://webh01.ua.ac.be/hhh/. Accessed February 2008.

  10. CMS. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Medlearn matters: information for Medicare providers. Cochlear implantation. No. 3796. Revised August 1, 2005. Available at: www.cms.hhs.gov/medlearn/matters/mmarticles/2005/MM3796.pdf. [Full Text].

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  13. Gantz BJ, Turner C, Gfeller KE. Acoustic plus electric speech processing: preliminary results of a multicenter clinical trial of the Iowa/Nucleus Hybrid implant. Audiol Neurootol. 2006;11 Suppl 1:63-8. [Medline].

  14. Gantz BJ, Tyler RS, Knutson JF, et al. Evaluation of five different cochlear implant designs: audiologic assessment and predictors of performance. Laryngoscope. Oct 1988;98(10):1100-6. [Medline].

  15. Gantz BJ, Woodworth GG, Knutson JF, et al. Multivariate predictors of audiological success with multichannel cochlear implants. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. Dec 1993;102(12):909-16. [Medline].

  16. Grundfast KM, Lalwani AK. Pediatric Otology and Neurotology. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven; 1998.

  17. Havlik R. Aging in the eighties: impaired senses for sound and light in persons age 65 and over. Preliminary data from the supplement on aging to the National Health Interview Survey. Advance data from vital and health statistics. DHHS (PHS) Publication No. 125. Jan-Jun 1984;86-1250.

  18. Luetje CM, Thedinger BS, Buckler LR, et al. Hybrid cochlear implantation: clinical results and critical review in 13 cases. Otol Neurotol. Jun 2007;28(4):473-8. [Medline].

  19. Murphy J, O'Donoghue G. Bilateral cochlear implantation: an evidence-based medicine evaluation. Laryngoscope. Aug 2007;117(8):1412-8. [Medline].

  20. Nilsson M, McCaw V, Soli S. Minimum Speech Test Battery for Adult Cochlear Implant Patients: User Manual. Los Angeles, CA: House Ear Institute; 1996.

  21. Nilsson M, Soli SD, Sullivan JA. Development of the Hearing in Noise Test for the measurement of speech reception thresholds in quiet and in noise. J Acoust Soc Am. Feb 1994;95(2):1085-99. [Medline].

  22. Papsin BC, Gordon KA. Cochlear implants for children with severe-to-profound hearing loss. N Engl J Med. Dec 6 2007;357(23):2380-7. [Medline].

  23. Parry DA, Booth T, Roland PS. Advantages of magnetic resonance imaging over computed tomography in preoperative evaluation of pediatric cochlear implant candidates. Otol Neurotol. Sep 2005;26(5):976-82. [Medline].

  24. Pneumococcal vaccination for cochlear implant candidates and recipients: updated recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. Aug 8 2003;52(31):739-40. [Medline].

  25. Roland PS, Wright CG, Isaacson B. Cochlear implant electrode insertion: the round window revisited. Laryngoscope. Aug 2007;117(8):1397-402. [Medline].

  26. Wei BP, Robins-Browne RM, Shepherd RK, et al. Assessment of the protective effect of pneumococcal vaccination in preventing meningitis after cochlear implantation. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Oct 2007;133(10):987-94. [Medline].

  27. Wolfe J, Baker S, Caraway T, et al. 1-year postactivation results for sequentially implanted bilateral cochlear implant users. Otol Neurotol. Aug 2007;28(5):589-96. [Medline].

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Further Reading

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Keywords

cochlear implants, hearing impairment, auditory spiral ganglion, hearing loss, deafness, meningitis, candidates for cochlear implants, speech audiometry 

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Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Brandon Isaacson, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Brandon Isaacson, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Neurotology Society, North American Skull Base Society, and Texas Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Kenneth H Lee, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Consulting Staff, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Medical Center, Dallas
Kenneth H Lee, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Association for Research in Otolaryngology, and Triological Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Joe Walter Kutz Jr, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Joe Walter Kutz Jr, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and Texas Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Peter S Roland, MD, Professor, Department of Neurological Surgery, Professor and Chairman, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Director of Clinical Center for Auditory, Vestibular and Facial Nerve Disorders, Chief of Pediatric Otology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Adjunct Professor of Communicative Disorders, School of Human Development.
Peter S Roland, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Otolaryngic Allergy, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Auditory Society, American Laryngological Rhinological and Otological Society, American Neurotology Society, American Otological Society, North American Skull Base Society, and Society of University Otolaryngologists-Head and Neck Surgeons
Disclosure: Alcon labs Honoraria Speaking and teaching; GSK Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Advanced Bionics Honoraria Board membership; Cochlear corp Honoraria Board membership; Med El corp travel grants Speaking and teaching; Insight vision Consulting fee Consulting

Eric W Sargent, MD, Clinical Associate Professor, Wayne State University, Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Michigan Ear Institute
Eric W Sargent, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Cliff A Megerian, MD, FACS, Medical Director of Adult and Pediatric Cochlear Implant Program, Vice-Chairman and Director of Otology and Neurotology, University Hospitals of Cleveland; Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Neurological Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
Cliff A Megerian, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American College of Surgeons, American Neurotology Society, American Otological Society, Association for Research in Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Medical Society, Society for Neuroscience, Society of University Otolaryngologists-Head and Neck Surgeons, and Triological Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Gerard J Gianoli, MD, Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine; Vice President, The Ear and Balance Institute; Chief Executive Officer, Ponchartrain Surgery Center
Gerard J Gianoli, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American College of Surgeons, American Neurotology Society, American Otological Society, Society of University Otolaryngologists-Head and Neck Surgeons, and Triological Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Christopher L Slack, MD, Otolaryngology-Facial Plastic Surgery, Private Practice, Associated Coastal ENT; Medical Director, Treasure Coast Sleep Disorders
Christopher L Slack, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and American Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA, Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine
Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and American Head and Neck Society
Disclosure: Covidien Corp Consulting fee Consulting; US Tobacco Corporation unstricted gift unknown

 
 
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