eMedicine Specialties > Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery > Pediatric Otolaryngology
Foreign Bodies of the Airway: Follow-up
Updated: Oct 16, 2009
Future and Controversies
Literature describes other means of foreign body removal. Chest physiotherapy and bronchodilators have been suggested in the past but are not currently recommended as treatment. Some have advocated flexible bronchoscopic removal of all foreign bodies in children, but poor airway control and the need for the immediate availability of rigid endoscopic equipment limit its use as an exclusive intervention.
Predictive models using computerized scoring systems may help in more specifically identifying those children with and without foreign body aspiration.3 Simulation training may aid in preparation of future otolaryngologists involved with foreign body removal in children.
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References
Bloom DC, Christenson TE, Manning SC, et al. Plastic laryngeal foreign bodies in chidren: A diagnostic challenge. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;69:657-662.
Holinger LD. Management of sharp and penetrating foreign bodies of the upper aerodigestive tract. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. Sep 1990;99(9 Pt 1):684-8. [Medline].
Kadmon G, Stern Y, Bron-Harlev E, Nahum E, Battat E, Schonfeld T. Computerized scoring system for the diagnosis of foreign body aspiration in children. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. Nov 2008;117(11):839-43. [Medline].
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Esclamado RM, Richardson MA. Laryngotracheal foreign bodies in children. A comparison with bronchial foreign bodies. Am J Dis Child. Mar 1987;141(3):259-62. [Medline].
Holinger PH. Foreign bodies of the air and food passages. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 1966.
Inglis AF Jr, Wagner DV. Lower complication rates associated with bronchial foreign bodies over the last 20 years. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. Jan 1992;101(1):61-6. [Medline].
McGuirt WF, Holmes KD, Feehs R, Browne JD. Tracheobronchial foreign bodies. Laryngoscope. Jun 1988;98(6 Pt 1):615-8. [Medline].
Mu L, He P, Sun D. Inhalation of foreign bodies in Chinese children: a review of 400 cases. Laryngoscope. Jun 1991;101(6 Pt 1):657-60. [Medline].
Murray AD, Mahoney EM, Holinger LD. Foreign bodies of the airway and esophagus. In: Cummings, et al. (eds). Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. Vol 5. (ed 3). St. Louis, MO: 1998:p 377.
Murray AD, Walner DL. Methods in instrumentation for removal of airway foreign bodies. Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. March 2002;0(1):2-5.
Ritter F. Questionable methods of foreign body treatment. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1974;83:729.
Svedstrom E, Puhakka H, Kero P. How accurate is chest radiography in the diagnosis of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in children?. Pediatr Radiol. 1989;19(8):520-2. [Medline].
Swanson KL, Prakash UB, Midthun DE, et al. Flexible bronchoscopic management of airway foreign bodies in children. Chest. May 2002;121(5):1695-700. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
foreign bodies of the airway, bronchial foreign bodies, tracheobronchial foreign bodies, aerodigestive foreign bodies, foreign body aspiration, choking, foreign body aspiration, airway obstruction
Follow-up: Foreign Bodies of the Airway