eMedicine Specialties > Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery > Reconstructive Surgery
Cheek Reconstruction: Follow-up
Updated: Feb 15, 2008
Future and Controversies
Reconstruction of the cheek requires a thoughtful approach to the etiology of the defect, the functional status of the patient, and the best solution with the least morbidity. The prominence, dynamic function, and contour of the cheek make it a challenging structure to repair. A wide variety of options are available, ranging from a simple skin graft to microvasculature free tissue transfer. However, the reconstructive flap must suit the defect and the patient. Likewise, the surgeon must be able to use a wide variety of reconstructive options should an alternative be required.
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References
Zide BM. Deformities of the lips and cheeks. In: McCarthy JG, ed. Plastic Surgery. WB Saunders Co;1990.
Baker SR. Local cutaneous flaps. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. Feb 1994;27(1):139-59. [Medline].
Banducci DR, Manders EK. Reconstruction of the cheek. In: Baker SR, Swanson SA, eds. Local Flaps in Facial Reconstruction. Vol 1. Mosby;1995:397-420.
Becker FF, Langford FP. Deep-plane cervicofacial flap for reconstruction of large cheek defects. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Sep 1996;122(9):997-9. [Medline].
Boutros S, Zide B. Cheek and eyelid reconstruction: the resurrection of the angle rotation flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. Oct 2005;116(5):1425-30; discussion 1431-3. [Medline].
Cook TA, Israel JM, Wang TD, et al. Cervical rotation flaps for midface resurfacing. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Jan 1991;117(1):77-82. [Medline].
Futran ND, Mendez E. Developments in reconstruction of midface and maxilla. Lancet Oncol. March 2006;7(3):249-58. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Gibson T. The physical properties of skin. In: Converse JM, ed. Reconstructive Plastic Surgery. WB Saunders Co;1977:1.
Hollinshead WH. The face. Anatomy for Surgeons. 3rd ed. JB Lipincott;1982:291-324.
Khazanchi RK, Rakshit K, Thakur KK, Manikumari B. A new design for reconstruction of composite defects of cheek and lips. Plast Reconstr Surg. Aug 1996;98(2):370-2. [Medline].
Lascaratos J, Cohen M, Voros D. Plastic surgery of the face in Byzantium in the fourth century. Plast Reconstr Surg. Sep 1998;102(4):1274-80. [Medline].
Moore BA, Wine T, Netterville JL. Cervicofacial and cervicothoracic rotation flaps in head and neck reconstruction. Head Neck. Dec 2005;27(12):1092-101. [Medline].
Rohrich RJ, Sheffield RW. Lip and cheek reconstruction. Selected Readings in Plastic Surgery. Vol 17. 1987:11.
Swenson RW. Tissue expansion. In: Papel ID, Nachlae NE, eds. Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Vol 1. Mosby;1992:56-67.
Further Reading
Keywords
cheek reconstruction, local flap reconstruction, cervicofacial advancement flap, transposition flap, primary closure, skin graft, full-thickness graft, FTSG, split-thickness graft, STSG, local flap, soft tissue expansion, microsurgical free flap, full thickness skin graft, split thickness skin graft, facial plastic surgery, cheek defects, cervicofacial rotation flap, bipedicled flaps, V-Y subcutaneous island advancement flap, local advancement flaps, dog-ear deformity, facial reconstruction, cheek neoplasia, cheek tumor, cheek burns, cheek trauma, rhombic flap, Dufourmentel flap, Z-plasty, bilobed flap, note flap, W-plasty, melolabial flap, interpolation flap, paramedian forehead flap, mechanical creep, fasciocutaneous scapular flap, radial forearm flap, myocutaneous rectus flap
Follow-up: Cheek Reconstruction