Static Suspension for Facial Paralysis: Multimedia

References

1. May M. Facial paralysis, peripheral type: a proposed method of reporting. (Emphasis on diagnosis and prognosis, as well as electrical and chorda tympani nerve testing). Laryngoscope. Mar 1970;80(3):331-90. [Medline].

2. Citarella ER, Sterodimas A, Green AC, Sinder R, Pitanguy I. Use of triple-convergence polypropylene thread for the aesthetic correction of partial facial paralysis. Aesthetic Plast Surg. Jul 2008;32(4):688-91. [Medline].

3. Alam D. Rehabilitation of long-standing facial nerve paralysis with percutaneous suture-based slings. Arch Facial Plast Surg. May-Jun 2007;9(3):205-9. [Medline].

4. Alex JC, Nguyen DB. Multivectored suture suspension: a minimally invasive technique for reanimation of the paralyzed face. Arch Facial Plast Surg. May-Jun 2004;6(3):197-201. [Medline].

5. Biel MA. GORE-TEX graft midfacial suspension and upper eyelid gold-weight implantation in rehabilitation of the paralyzed face. Laryngoscope. Aug 1995;105(8 Pt 1):876-9. [Medline].

6. Brown JB, McDowell F. Support of the paralyzed face by fascia. JAMA. 1947;135:18-22.

7. Cheney ML, McKenna MJ, Megerian CA, Ojemann RG. Early temporalis muscle transposition for the management of facial paralysis. Laryngoscope. Sep 1995;105(9 Pt 1):993-1000. [Medline].

8. Coker NJ. Management of traumatic injuries to the facial nerve. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. Feb 1991;24(1):215-27. [Medline].

9. Conley J, Baker DC. The surgical treatment of extratemporal facial paralysis: an overview. Head Neck Surg. Sep-Oct 1978;1(1):12-23. [Medline].

10. Freeman MS, Thomas JR, Spector JG, Larrabee WF, Bowman CA. Surgical therapy of the eyelids in patients with facial paralysis. Laryngoscope. Oct 1990;100(10 Pt 1):1086-96. [Medline].

11. Freilinger G, Gruber H, Happak W, Pechmann U. Surgical anatomy of the mimic muscle system and the facial nerve: importance for reconstructive and aesthetic surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. Nov 1987;80(5):686-90. [Medline].

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13. Kartush JM, Linstrom CJ, McCann PM, Graham MD. Early gold weight eyelid implantation for facial paralysis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Dec 1990;103(6):1016-23. [Medline].

14. Konior RJ. Facial paralysis reconstruction with Gore-Tex Soft-Tissue Patch. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Nov 1992;118(11):1188-94. [Medline].

15. Leventhal DD, Pribitkin EA. Static facial suspension with Surgisis ES (Enhanced Strength) sling. Laryngoscope. Jan 2008;118(1):20-3. [Medline].

16. Liu YM, Sherris DA. Static procedures for the management of the midface and lower face. Facial Plast Surg. May 2008;24(2):211-5. [Medline].

17. May M. Muscle transposition for facial reanimation. Facial Plast Surg. Apr 1992;8(2):115-20. [Medline].

18. May M, Drucker C. Temporalis muscle for facial reanimation. A 13-year experience with 224 procedures. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Apr 1993;119(4):378-82; discussion 383-4. [Medline].

19. Okamura H, Yanagihara N. Multiple facial suspensions in protracted facial palsy. Auris Nasus Larynx. 1987;14(2):105-13. [Medline].

20. Ozaki M, Takushima A, Momosawa A, Kurita M, Harii K. Temporary suspension of acute facial paralysis using the S-S Cable Suture (Medical U&A, Tokyo, Japan). Ann Plast Surg. Jul 2008;61(1):61-7. [Medline].

21. Rose EH. Autogenous fascia lata grafts: clinical applications in reanimation of the totally or partially paralyzed face. Plast Reconstr Surg. Jul 2005;116(1):20-32; discussion 33-5. [Medline].

22. Snyderman RK, Ego-Acquirre E, Starzynski TE. The ultimate fate of freeze dried fascia: experience with its use in the correction of facial paralysis. Plast Reconstr Surg. Sep 1966;38(3):219-22. [Medline].

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Further Reading

Keywords

static suspension for facial paralysis, facial paralysis, static suspension, facial reanimation, neural suturing and grafting, muscle transfer, static techniques, nerve pain, face paralysis, facial nerve, facial pain, facial movements, seventh cranial nerve, facial paralysis technique, facial paralysis review

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Suzanne K Doud Galli, MD, PhD, Consulting Staff, Cosmetic Facial Surgery, Private Practice
Suzanne K Doud Galli, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngic Allergy, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American College of Surgeons, American Rhinologic Society, and Triological Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Minas Constantinides, MD, Director of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine
Minas Constantinides, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Medical Association, and Massachusetts Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Anthony P Sclafani, MD, Director of Facial Plastic Surgery, The New York Eye and Ear Infirmary; Professor of Otolaryngology, New York Medical College
Anthony P Sclafani, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and American College of Surgeons
Disclosure: Medicis None Speaking and teaching; Contura None Board membership; Contura Grant/research funds Independent contractor; Cascade Medical Grant/research funds Independent contractor; Cascade Medical None Board membership

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Keith A LaFerriere, MD, Clinical Professor, Fellowship Director, Department Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Missouri at Columbia
Keith A LaFerriere, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, and Missouri State Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Christopher L Slack, MD, Otolaryngology-Facial Plastic Surgery, Private Practice, Associated Coastal ENT; Medical Director, Treasure Coast Sleep Disorders
Christopher L Slack, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and American Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA, Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine
Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and American Head and Neck Society
Disclosure: Covidien Corp Consulting fee Consulting; US Tobacco Corporation unstricted gift unknown