eMedicine Specialties > Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery > Reconstructive Surgery
Rotation Flaps: Follow-up
Updated: Nov 5, 2008
Outcome and Prognosis
Proper planning around aesthetic units, orientation with respect to relaxed skin tension lines, and flap sizing relative to defect size should allow surgeons to avoid excessive tension, which frequently leads to poor or irregular scarring and distortion of neighboring landmarks. Careful surgical technique, including meticulous hemostasis and preservation of the dermal network, reduces the incidence of infection, necrosis, and/or sloughing of tissue.
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References
Larrabee WF Jr, Sutton D. The biomechanics of advancement and rotation flaps. Laryngoscope. May 1981;91(5):726-34. [Medline].
Cook TA, Israel JM, Wang TD, et al. Cervical rotation flaps for midface resurfacing. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Jan 1991;117(1):77-82. [Medline].
Rieger RA. A local flap for repair of the nasal tip. Plast Reconstr Surg. Aug 1967;40(2):147-9. [Medline].
Staahl TE. Nasalis myocutaneous flap for nasal reconstruction. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Mar 1986;112(3):302-5. [Medline].
Calhoun KH, Seikaly H, Quinn FB. Teaching paradigm for decision making in facial skin defect reconstructions. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Jan 1998;124(1):60-6. [Medline].
Connor CD, Fosko SW. Anatomy and Physiology of Local Skin Flaps. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 1996;4:447-454.
Cronin TD. The V-Y rotational flap for nasal tip defects. Ann Plast Surg. Oct 1983;11(4):282-8. [Medline].
Green RK, Angelats J. A full nasal skin rotation flap for closure of soft-tissue defects in the lower one-third of the nose. Plast Reconstr Surg. Jul 1996;98(1):163-6. [Medline].
Katz AE, Grande DJ. Cheek-neck advancement-rotation flaps following Mohs excision of skin malignancies. J Dermatol Surg Oncol. Sep 1986;12(9):949-55. [Medline].
Klingensmith MR, Millman B, Foster WP. Analysis of methods for nasal tip reconstruction. Head Neck. Jul-Aug 1994;16(4):347-57. [Medline].
McGregor IA. Fundamental Techniques of Plastic Surgery and Their Surgical Applications. Churchill Livingstone; 1989:65-90.
Millman B, Klingensmith M. The island rotation flap: a better alternative for nasal tip repair. Plast Reconstr Surg. Dec 1996;98(7):1293-7. [Medline].
Myers B, Donovan W. The location of the blood supply in random flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. Sep 1976;58(3):314-6. [Medline].
Nishioka GJ, Larrabee WF, Murakami CS, et al. Suspended circummandibular wire fixation for mixed-dentition pediatric mandible fractures. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Jul 1997;123(7):753-8. [Medline].
Patterson HC, Anonsen C, Weymuller EA, et al. The cheek-neck rotation flap for closure of temporozygomatic-cheek wounds. Arch Otolaryngol. Jun 1984;110(6):388-93. [Medline].
Rigg BM. The dorsal nasal flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. Oct 1973;52(4):361-4. [Medline].
Schrudde J, Beinhoff U. Reconstruction of the face by means of the angle-rotation flap. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 1987;11(1):15-22. [Medline].
Spector JG. Surgical management of cutaneous carcinomas at the inner canthus. Laryngoscope. May 1985;95(5):601-7. [Medline].
Steinkogler FJ. Reconstruction of the lower lid. Br J Ophthalmol. Jul 1984;68(7):507-10. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
rotation flap, rotation flaps, local flaps, random flaps, sliding nasolabial flap, cervical-facial rotation flap, cheek-neck rotation flap, dorsal nasal flap, full nasal skin rotation flap, island rotation flap, rotational flaps, rotational flap
Follow-up: Rotation Flaps