eMedicine Specialties > Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery > Reconstructive Surgery

Free Tissue Transfer, Scapular and Parascapular Flaps: Workup

Author: Jason H Kim, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California at Irvine
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Nov 4, 2008

Workup

Imaging Studies

Imaging and vascular studies are not indicated in the preoperative assessment. However, if atherosclerotic disease or the caliber of the arteries is a concern, angiography can assist in the evaluation. However, this is rare.

More on Free Tissue Transfer, Scapular and Parascapular Flaps

Overview: Free Tissue Transfer, Scapular and Parascapular Flaps
Workup: Free Tissue Transfer, Scapular and Parascapular Flaps
Treatment: Free Tissue Transfer, Scapular and Parascapular Flaps
Follow-up: Free Tissue Transfer, Scapular and Parascapular Flaps
Multimedia: Free Tissue Transfer, Scapular and Parascapular Flaps
References

References

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  3. dos Santos LF. The vascular anatomy and dissection of the free scapular flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. Apr 1984;73(4):599-604. [Medline].

  4. Teot L, Bosse JP, Moufarrege R. The scapular crest pedicle bone graft. Int J Microsurg. 1981;3:257-262.

  5. Swartz WM, Banis JC, Newton ED, et al. The osteocutaneous scapular flap for mandibular and maxillary reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. Apr 1986;77(4):530-45. [Medline].

  6. Coleman JJ 3rd, Sultan MR. The bipedicled osteocutaneous scapula flap: a new subscapular system free flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. Apr 1991;87(4):682-92. [Medline].

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  8. Frodel JL Jr, Funk GF, Capper DT, et al. Osseointegrated implants: a comparative study of bone thickness in four vascularized bone flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. Sep 1993;92(3):449-55; discussion 456-8. [Medline].

  9. Moscoso JF, Keller J, Genden E, et al. Vascularized bone flaps in oromandibular reconstruction. A comparative anatomic study of bone stock from various donor sites to assess suitability for enosseous dental implants. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Jan 1994;120(1):36-43. [Medline].

  10. Fairbanks GA, Hallock GG. Facial reconstruction using a combined flap of the subscapular axis simultaneously including separate medial and lateral scapular vascularized bone grafts. Ann Plast Surg. Jul 2002;49(1):104-8; discussion 108. [Medline].

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  13. Seitz A, Papp S, Papp C, et al. The anatomy of the angular branch of the thoracodorsal artery. Cells Tissues Organs. 1999;164(4):227-36. [Medline].

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  15. Urken ML, Bridger AG, Zur KB, et al. The scapular osteofasciocutaneous flap: a 12-year experience. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Jul 2001;127(7):862-9. [Medline].

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  24. Malikov S, Casanova D, Magnan PE, et al. Anatomical bases of the bypass-flap: study of the thoracodorsal axis. Surg Radiol Anat. Apr 2005;27(2):86-93. [Medline].

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  26. Militsakh ON, Werle A, Mohyuddin N, et al. Comparison of radial forearm with fibula and scapula osteocutaneous free flaps for oromandibular reconstruction. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Jul 2005;131(7):571-5. [Medline].

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  28. Rinaldo A, Shaha AR, Wei WI, et al. Microvascular free flaps: a major advance in head and neck reconstruction. Acta Otolaryngol. Oct 2002;122(7):779-84. [Medline].

  29. Takushima A, Harii K, Asato H, et al. Choice of osseous and osteocutaneous flaps for mandibular reconstruction. Int J Clin Oncol. Aug 2005;10(4):234-42. [Medline].

Further Reading

Keywords

free tissue transfer, scapular flap, parascapular flap, dorsal thoracic fascial flap, tissue flaps, free tissue, circumflex scapular artery, CSA

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Jason H Kim, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California at Irvine
Jason H Kim, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and American Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

John C Li, MD, Private Practice in Otology and Neurotology; Medical Director, Balance Center
John C Li, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Neurotology Society, American Tinnitus Association, Florida Medical Association, and North American Skull Base Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Dominique Dorion, MD, MSc, FRCSC, Program Director and Division Chair, Professor of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Sherbrooke, Canada
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Christopher L Slack, MD, Otolaryngology-Facial Plastic Surgery, Private Practice, Associated Coastal ENT; Medical Director, Treasure Coast Sleep Disorders
Christopher L Slack, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and American Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA, Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine
Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and American Head and Neck Society
Disclosure: Covidien Corp Consulting fee Consulting; US Tobacco Corporation unstricted gift unknown

 
 
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