Heterotaxy, Asplenia: Multimedia

References

1. Jacobs JP, O'Brien SM, Chai PJ, Morell VO, Lindberg HL, Quintessenza JA. Management of 239 patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and related malformations from 1993 to 2007. Ann Thorac Surg. May 2008;85(5):1691-6; discussion 1697. [Medline].

2. Konstantinidou A, Sifakis S, Koukoura O, Mantas N, Agrogiannis G, Patsouris E. Pancreatic aplasia in a fetus with asplenia-cardiovascular defect-heterotaxy (Ivemark syndrome). Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. Aug 2008;82(8):601-4. [Medline].

3. Ming Z, Hong S, Biao J. Images in cardiovascular medicine. Asplenia syndrome with bilateral tracheal bronchi. Circulation. Jul 8 2008;118(2):196-7. [Medline].

4. Ferdman B, States L, Gaynor JW, Hedrick HL, Rychik J. Abnormalities of intestinal rotation in patients with congenital heart disease and the heterotaxy syndrome. Congenit Heart Dis. Jan 2007;2(1):12-8. [Medline].

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Further Reading

Relevant clinical guidelines include the following:

• Infectious Diseases Society of America and American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults
• American College of Radiology's appropriateness criteria for suspected congenital heart disease in the adult

Relevant clinical trials include the following:

• Efficacy and safety of clopidogrel in neonates and infants with systemic to pulmonary artery shunt palliation
• Iron prophylaxis for anemia in infants with cyanotic congenital heart disease

Related eMedicine topics include the following:

• Asplenia/Polysplenia
• Heterotaxy, Polysplenia
• Asplenia
• Atrial Septal Defect, Coronary Sinus
• Biliary Atresia

Keywords

asplenia, right atrial isomerism, laterality defects, cyanotic congenital heart disease, intestinal malrotation, anomalous pulmonary venous return, common atrium, endocardial cushion defects, double outlet right ventricle, treatment, diagnosis, biliary tract abnormalities, transverse liver, congestive heart failure, volvulus

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Kevin M Shannon, MD, Associate Professor, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Director of Pediatric Electrophysiology Program, UCLA School of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Pediatric Cardiology Clinic, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center
Kevin M Shannon, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Charles I Berul, MD, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School; Senior Associate, Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Boston
Charles I Berul, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, Heart Rhythm Society, and Society for Pediatric Research
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Mary L Windle, PharmD, Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Pfizer Inc Stock Investment from financial planner; Avanir Pharma Stock Investment from financial planner ; WebMD Salary and stock Employment and investment from financial planner

Managing Editor

Julian M Stewart, MD, PhD, Associate Chairman of Pediatrics, Director, Center for Hypotension, Westchester Medical Center; Professor of Pediatrics and Physiology, New York Medical College
Julian M Stewart, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Gilbert Z Herzberg, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Cardiology, New York Medical College; Consulting Staff, Department of Pediatrics, Sound Shore Medical Center
Gilbert Z Herzberg, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Stuart Berger, MD, Professor of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin; Chief of Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Director of Pediatric Heart Transplant Program, Medical Director of The Heart Center, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin
Stuart Berger, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American Heart Association, and Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.