Pediatric Sleep Disorders Differential Diagnoses
- Author: Dennis A Nutter Jr, MD; Chief Editor: Caroly Pataki, MD more...
Diagnostic Considerations
A detailed sleep history, a thorough physical examination, and sleep logs provide the foundation for accurate diagnosis, treatment, and possible referral for polysomnography (PSG). Atypical presentations, snoring associated with daytime somnolence, behavioral-emotional problems, apneic or hypopneic episodes, suspicion of narcolepsy, abnormal and disruptive movements in sleep, unexplained or recalcitrant sleep difficulties, or daytime sleepiness indicate a need for sleep studies (see Workup).
Differential Diagnoses
- Anxiety Disorder: Generalized Anxiety
- Anxiety Disorder: Panic Disorder
- Anxiety Disorder: Separation Anxiety and School Refusal
- Anxiety Disorder: Social Phobia and Selective Mutism
- Anxiety Disorder: Specific Phobia
- Anxiety Disorder: Trichotillomania
- Asthma
- Bladder Anomalies
- Child Abuse & Neglect: Physical Abuse
- Child Abuse & Neglect: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Child Abuse & Neglect: Sexual Abuse
- Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
- Cognitive Deficits
- Conduct Disorder
- Down Syndrome
- Eating Disorder: Anorexia
- Eating Disorder: Bulimia
- Eating Disorder: Pica
- Eating Disorder: Rumination
- Fibromyalgia
- Fragile X Syndrome
- Gastroesophageal Reflux
- Hyperthyroidism
- Hypothyroidism
- Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Lactose Intolerance
- Learning Disorder: Mathematics
- Learning Disorder: Reading
- Learning Disorder: Written Expression
- Obesity
- Obesity-Hypoventilation Syndrome and Pulmonary Consequences of Obesity
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
- Oppositional Defiant Disorder
- Pervasive Developmental Disorder
- Pervasive Developmental Disorder: Asperger Syndrome
- Pervasive Developmental Disorder: Autism
- Pervasive Developmental Disorder: Rett Syndrome
- Posterior Urethral Valves
- Prader-Willi Syndrome
- Pulmonary Hypertension, Idiopathic
- Sarcoidosis
- Sleep Apnea
- Sleep Disorder: Night Terrors
- Sleep Disorder: Nightmares
- Somatoform Disorder: Conversion
- Somatoform Disorder: Pain
- Somatoform Disorder: Somatization
- Substance Abuse: Cocaine
- Substance Abuse: Nicotine
- Tuberous Sclerosis
- Urinary Tract Infection
- Velocardiofacial Syndrome
- Williams Syndrome
- Wilson Disease
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[Best Evidence] Blumer JL, Findling RL, Shih WJ, Soubrane C, Reed MD. Controlled clinical trial of zolpidem for the treatment of insomnia associated with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder in children 6 to 17 years of age. Pediatrics. May 2009;123(5):e770-6. [Medline].
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