eMedicine Specialties > Pediatrics: General Medicine > Gastroenterology
Lactose Intolerance: Follow-up
Updated: Nov 13, 2008
Follow-up
Complications
- Milk is the primary source of calcium for children. Children who are lactose intolerant and do not ingest proper quantities of dairy products quickly become depleted of calcium, which places them at risk for rickets and osteomalacia.
- Calcium supplementation through the administration of dietary or pharmacological supplements is suggested for any child who does not receive adequate calcium.
Patient Education
- Lower calcium levels are found in individuals with lactose intolerance; thus, emphasizing the importance of calcium supplementation is important.
- Although the symptoms are directly related to the quantity of lactose ingested, the patient should be educated about the fact that lactose may be hidden, in low amounts, in the following foods:
- Breads
- Baked goods
- Cereals
- Instant mixes
- Margarine
- Dressings
- Candies
- Snacks
- Some over-the-counter drugs can reduce symptoms (eg, simethicone for relief of flatulence, exogenous lactase drops or tablets derived from yeast).
Miscellaneous
Medicolegal Pitfalls
No medical or legal pitfalls are associated with the diagnosis of lactose intolerance.
More on Lactose Intolerance |
| Overview: Lactose Intolerance |
| Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Lactose Intolerance |
| Treatment & Medication: Lactose Intolerance |
Follow-up: Lactose Intolerance |
| References |
| « Previous Page |
References
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Montalto M, Gallo A, Santoro L, et al. Low-dose lactose in drugs neither increases breath hydrogen excretion nor causes gastrointestinal symptoms. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. Oct 15 2008;28(8):1003-12. [Medline].
Krawczyk M, Wolska M, Schwartz S, et al. Concordance of genetic and breath tests for lactose intolerance in a tertiary referral centre. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. Jun 2008;17(2):135-9. [Medline].
Griffin MP, Hansen JW. Can the elimination of lactose from formula improve feeding tolerance in premature infants?. J Pediatr. Nov 1999;135(5):587-92. [Medline].
Bacsi K, Kosa JP, Lazary A, et al. LCT 13910 C/T polymorphism, serum calcium, and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int. Aug 13 2008;[Medline].
Bodlaj G, Stocher M, Hufnagl P, et al. Genotyping of the lactase-phlorizin hydrolase -13910 polymorphism by LightCycler PCR and implications for the diagnosis of lactose intolerance. Clin Chem. 2006;52:148-151. [Medline].
Guandalini S. Treatment of acute diarrhea in the new millennium. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2000;30:486-9. [Medline].
He T, Venema K, Priebe MG, Welling GW, Brummer RJ, Vonk RJ. The role of colonic metabolism in lactose intolerance. Eur J Clin Invest. Aug 2008;38(8):541-7. [Medline].
Kuokkanen M, Kokkonen J, Enattah NS. Mutations in the Translated Region of the Lactase Gene (LCT) Underlie Congenital Lactase Deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 2006;78:339-44. [Medline].
Montalto M, Curigliano V, Santoro L. Management and treatment of lactose malabsorption. World J Gastroenterol. 2006;14:187-91. [Medline].
Savaiano DA, Boushey CJ, McCabe GP. Lactose intolerance symptoms assessed by meta-analysis: a grain of truth that leads to exaggeration. J Nutr. 2006;136:1107-13. [Medline].
Shulman RJ,, Wong WW, Smith EO. Influence of changes in lactase activity and small-intestinal mucosal growth on lactose digestion and absorption in preterm infants. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;81:472-9. [Medline].
Srinivasan R, Minocha A. When to suspect lactose intolerance. Symptomatic, ethnic, and laboratory clues. Postgrad Med. Sep 1998;104(3):109-11, 115-6, 122-3. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
lactose intolerance, hypolactasia, lactase, milk intolerance, milk-protein allergy, milk protein allergy, primary lactase deficiency, congenital lactase deficiency, gastroenteritis, acute gastroenteritis, adult-onset lactase deficiency, glucose-galactose malabsorption, borborygmi, celiac disease, food allergy, diarrhea, infectious diarrhea, viral gastroenteritis
Follow-up: Lactose Intolerance