Cloacal Malformations: Multimedia

References

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2. Rich MA, Brock WA, Pena A. Spectrum of genitourinary malformations in patients with imperforate anus. Pediatric Surg Intl. 1988;(3):110-113.

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5. Hendren WH. Further experience in reconstructive surgery for cloacal anomalies. J Pediatr Surg. Dec 1982;17(6):695-717. [Medline].

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Further Reading

Keywords

cloacal malformations, anorectal malformations, cloaca, cloacal anomalies, persistent cloaca, confluence of the rectum, confluence of the urethra, confluence of the vagina, urogenital sinus, posterior sagittal approach, posterior sagittal anorectovaginourethroplasty, PSARVUP, urinary continence, fecal continence, rectovaginal fistula, hydrocolpos, imperforate anus, vaginal scarring, cloacal exstrophy, midline intestinal plate, omphalocele, vesicostomy, genitourinary defects, rectovesical fistula, rectovestibular fistula, rectobulbar fistula, rectoperineal fistula, tethered cord, tethered spinal cord, presacral mass, dermoids, teratomas, anterior meningoceles, Currarino triad, hemisacrum, Mitrofanoff procedure, acidosis, spina bifida, spinal hemivertebrae

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Marc A Levitt, MD, Assistant Professor of Surgery and Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati; Associate Director, Colorectal Center for Children, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Marc A Levitt, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Surgeons, and Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Alberto Pena, MD, Consulting Surgeon, Colorectal Center for Children, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Aviva L Katz, MD, Assistant Professor of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh
Aviva L Katz, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Surgeons, American Pediatric Surgical Association, Association of Women Surgeons, Physicians for Social Responsibility, and Wilderness Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Mary L Windle, PharmD, Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine.com, Inc
Disclosure: Pfizer Inc Stock Investment from broker recommendation; Avanir Pharma Stock Investment from broker recommendation

Managing Editor

Gail E Besner, MD, Professor of Surgery and Pediatrics, Department of Surgery, Ohio State University College of Medicine and Public Health; Director, Pediatric Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital
Gail E Besner, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Burn Association, American College of Surgeons, American Gastroenterological Association, American Medical Association, American Medical Women's Association, American Pediatric Surgical Association, Association for Academic Surgery, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Society of Critical Care Medicine, Society of Surgical Oncology, and Society of University Surgeons
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

H Biemann Othersen Jr, MD, Professor of Surgery and Pediatrics, Emeritus Head, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina
H Biemann Othersen Jr, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association for the Surgery of Trauma, American Burn Association, American Cancer Society, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Pediatric Surgical Association, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, American Surgical Association, American Thoracic Society, British Association of Paediatric Surgeons, Pediatric Oncology Group, Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Society of Critical Care Medicine, South Carolina Medical Association, Southeastern Surgical Congress, Southern Medical Association, Southern Society for Pediatric Research, and Southern Thoracic Surgical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Marleta Reynolds, MD, Professor of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University; Interim Head, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Memorial Hospital of Chicago
Marleta Reynolds, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Pediatric Surgical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.