eMedicine Specialties > Pediatrics: Genetics and Metabolic Disease > Metabolic Diseases

I-Cell Disease (Mucolipidosis Type II): Follow-up

Author: Karl S Roth, MD, Professor and Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Creighton University School of Medicine
Coauthor(s): William B Rizzo, MD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center; Margaret M McGovern, MD, PhD, Professor and Chair of Pediatrics, Stony Brook University, New York
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Sep 1, 2009

Follow-up

Complications

  • Respiratory infections, such as pneumonia and otitis media, frequently recur in patients with I-cell disease.
  • Depending on the extent of neurologic compromise, aspiration pneumonia can also become a recurrent problem.
  • Congestive heart failure results from chronic valvular insufficiency.
  • Atlantoaxial instability can develop because of abnormally shaped cervical vertebrae. If this occurs, patients should be monitored and, eventually, surgically stabilized to avoid the risk of spinal cord injury.

Prognosis

  • Psychomotor retardation is progressive, and patients with cardiopulmonary complications usually die by age 10 years.

Patient Education

  • Families must be educated about the genetic basis of this disorder, including recurrence risks, identification of carriers, and the availability of prenatal diagnosis for future at-risk pregnancies.

Miscellaneous

Special Concerns

  • Genetic counseling

    • Counsel families of patients with I-cell disease about the recurrence risks of an autosomal-recessive disorder.
    • In addition, discuss the availability of prenatal diagnosis for future offspring. I-cell disease can be diagnosed based on an assessment of UDP-N -acetylglucosamine: N -acetylglucosaminyl-1-phosphotransferase activity in chorionic villi or cultured amniocytes.
 
Acknowledgments

The authors and editors of eMedicine gratefully acknowledge the contributions of previous author Grace Lee, MD, to the original writing and development of this article.



More on I-Cell Disease (Mucolipidosis Type II)

Overview: I-Cell Disease (Mucolipidosis Type II)
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: I-Cell Disease (Mucolipidosis Type II)
Treatment & Medication: I-Cell Disease (Mucolipidosis Type II)
Follow-up: I-Cell Disease (Mucolipidosis Type II)
Multimedia: I-Cell Disease (Mucolipidosis Type II)
References
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References

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Further Reading

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Keywords

I-cell disease, mucolipidosis type II, mucolipidosis II, ML2, ML II, N -acetylglucosaminyl-1-phosphotransferase deficiency, GNPTA deficiency, inclusion cell disease, I-cell disease, I cell disease, lysosomal storage disorder, Hurler syndrome, mucopolysaccharidoses 1H, MPS 1H, mucopolysacchariduria, phase-dense intracytoplasmic inclusions, sphingolipidoses

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Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Karl S Roth, MD, Professor and Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Creighton University School of Medicine
Karl S Roth, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Nutrition, American Pediatric Society, American Society for Clinical Nutrition, American Society of Nephrology, Association of American Medical Colleges, Medical Society of Virginia, New York Academy of Sciences, Sigma Xi, Society for Pediatric Research, and Southern Society for Pediatric Research
Disclosure: MDS Pharma Salary Employment

Coauthor(s)

William B Rizzo, MD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center
William B Rizzo, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Society of Human Genetics and Society for Inherited Metabolic Disorders
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Margaret M McGovern, MD, PhD, Professor and Chair of Pediatrics, Stony Brook University, New York
Margaret M McGovern, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics and American Society of Human Genetics
Disclosure: Genzyme Grant/research funds PI

Medical Editor

Edward Kaye, MD, Vice President of Clinical Research, Genzyme Corporation
Edward Kaye, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Society of Gene Therapy, American Society of Human Genetics, Child Neurology Society, and Society for Inherited Metabolic Disorders
Disclosure: Genzyme Corporation Salary Management position

Pharmacy Editor

Mary L Windle, PharmD, Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Pfizer Inc Stock Investment from financial planner; Avanir Pharma Stock Investment from financial planner ; WebMD Salary and stock Employment and investment from financial planner

Managing Editor

Margaret M McGovern, MD, PhD, Professor and Chair of Pediatrics, Stony Brook University, New York
Margaret M McGovern, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics and American Society of Human Genetics
Disclosure: Genzyme Grant/research funds PI

CME Editor

Paul D Petry, DO, FACOP, FAAP, Consulting Staff, Freeman Pediatric Care, Freeman Health System
Paul D Petry, DO, FACOP, FAAP is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Osteopathy, American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Osteopathic Pediatricians, and American Osteopathic Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Bruce Buehler, MD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Pathology and Microbiology, Executive Director, Hattie B Munroe Center for Human Genetics, University of Nebraska Medical Center
Bruce Buehler, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy for Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Medicine, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association on Mental Retardation, American College of Medical Genetics, American College of Physician Executives, American Medical Association, and Nebraska Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

 
 
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