Maple Syrup Urine Disease Medication

  • Author: Olaf A Bodamer, MD, PhD, FACMG; Chief Editor: Bruce Buehler, MD   more...
 
Updated: Jan 18, 2012
 

Medication Summary

Some patients with MSUD have been responsive to thiamine.

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Vitamins

Class Summary

Vitamins are organic substances required by the body in small amounts for various metabolic processes. Vitamins may be synthesized in small or insufficient amounts in the body or not synthesized at all, thus requiring supplementation. Administer thiamine in cases of thiamine-responsiveness.

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Thiamine (Thiamilate)

 

An essential coenzyme in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. Combines with ATP to form thiamine pyrophosphate. PO absorption is poor, but parenteral route may be associated with severe adverse reactions.

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Contributor Information and Disclosures
Author

Olaf A Bodamer, MD, PhD, FACMG  Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Biochemical Genetics and Neonatal Screening Laboratories, University of Vienna Children's Hospital, Austria

Olaf A Bodamer, MD, PhD, FACMG is a member of the following medical societies: American Society of Human Genetics

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Brendan Lee, MD, PhD  Professor, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine

Brendan Lee, MD, PhD, is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Medical Genetics, and Society for Pediatric Research

Disclosure: Hyperion Grant/research funds clinical research; Biomarin Consulting fee Review panel membership

Specialty Editor Board

Christian J Renner, MD  Consulting Staff, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Erlangen, Germany

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Mary L Windle, PharmD  Adjunct Associate Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Leonard G Feld, MD, PhD, MMM, FAAP  Sara H Bissell and Howard C Bissell Endowed Chair in Pediatrics, Chief Medical Officer, Levine Children's Hospital, Carolinas Medical Center

Leonard G Feld, MD, PhD, MMM, FAAP is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Physician Executives, American Society of Nephrology, American Society of Pediatric Nephrology, International Society of Nephrology, and Juvenile Diabetes Foundation International

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Paul D Petry, DO, FACOP, FAAP  Consulting Staff, Freeman Pediatric Care, Freeman Health System

Paul D Petry, DO, FACOP, FAAP is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Osteopathy, American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Osteopathic Pediatricians, and American Osteopathic Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Bruce Buehler, MD  Professor, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Director RSA, University of Nebraska Medical Center

Bruce Buehler, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy for Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Medicine, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association on Mental Retardation, American College of Medical Genetics, American College of Physician Executives, American Medical Association, and Nebraska Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

References

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  2. Chuang DT. Maple syrup urine disease: it has come a long way. J Pediatr. Mar 1998;132(3 Pt 2):S17-23. [Medline].

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  4. Snyderman SE, Norton PM, Roitman E, Holt LE Jr. Maple syrup urine disease, with particular reference to dietotherapy. Pediatrics. Oct 1964;34:454-72. [Medline].

  5. Scriver CR, Mackenzie S, Clow CL, Delvin E. Thiamine-responsive maple-syrup-urine disease. Lancet. Feb 13 1971;1(7694):310-2. [Medline].

  6. Park HD, Lee DH, Hong YH, Kang DH, Lee YK, Song J, et al. Three Korean patients with maple syrup urine disease: four novel mutations in the BCKDHA gene. Ann Clin Lab Sci. Spring 2011;41(2):167-73. [Medline].

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  9. Mazariegos GV, Morton DH, Sindhi R, Soltys K, Nayyar N, Bond G, et al. Liver Transplantation for Classical Maple Syrup Urine Disease: Long-Term Follow-Up in 37 Patients and Comparative United Network for Organ Sharing Experience. J Pediatr. Aug 10 2011;[Medline].

  10. Chuang DT, Shih VE. Maple syrup urine disease. In: Scriver CR, Beaudet AL, Valle DL, Sly WS, eds. The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease. 8th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Co; 2000.

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  15. Henneke M, Flaschker N, Helbling C, et al. Identification of twelve novel mutations in patients with classic and variant forms of maple syrup urine disease. Hum Mutat. Nov 2003;22(5):417. [Medline].

  16. Hoffmann B, Helbling C, Schadewaldt P, Wendel U. Impact of longitudinal plasma leucine levels on the intellectual outcome in patients with classic MSUD. Pediatr Res. Jan 2006;59(1):17-20. [Medline].

  17. Hoffmann GF, von Kries R, Klose D, et al. Frequencies of inherited organic acidurias and disorders of mitochondrial fatty acid transport and oxidation in Germany. Eur J Pediatr. Feb 2004;163(2):76-80. [Medline].

  18. Mitsubuchi H, Owada M, Endo F. Markers associated with inborn errors of metabolism of branched-chain amino acids and their relevance to upper levels of intake in healthy people: an implication from clinical and molecular investigations on maple syrup urine disease. J Nutr. Jun 2005;135(6 Suppl):1565S-70S. [Medline].

  19. Morton DH, Strauss KA, Robinson DL, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of maple syrup disease: a study of 36 patients. Pediatrics. Jun 2002;109(6):999-1008. [Medline].

  20. Righini A, Ramenghi LA, Parini R, et al. Water apparent diffusion coefficient and T2 changes in the acute stage of maple syrup urine disease: evidence of intramyelinic and vasogenic-interstitial edema. J Neuroimaging. Apr 2003;13(2):162-5. [Medline].

  21. Yudkoff M, Daikhin Y, Nissim I, et al. Brain amino acid requirements and toxicity: the example of leucine. J Nutr. Jun 2005;135(6 Suppl):1531S-8S. [Medline].

 
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