eMedicine Specialties > Pediatrics: General Medicine > Infectious Disease
Lymphadenitis: Treatment & Medication
Updated: Nov 19, 2009
- Overview
- Differential Diagnoses & Workup
- Treatment & Medication
- Follow-up
- Multimedia
Treatment
Medical Care
- In patients with lymphadenitis, treatment depends on the causative agent and may include the following:
- Antimicrobial therapy
- Expectant management: Catscratch disease is usually benign and self-limited and generally does not require treatment with antibiotics.
- Chemotherapy
- Radiotherapy
- For details on medical therapy, please refer to the eMedicine article that discusses the specific diagnosed condition, including the following:
- Cytomegalovirus
- Toxoplasmosis
- Gianotti-Crosti syndrome
- Graft versus host disease
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
- Hodgkin disease
- Neuroblastoma
- Hyperimmunoglobulin E (Job) syndrome
- Gaucher disease
- Niemann-Pick disease
- Sickle cell anemia
- Thalassemia
- Kawasaki disease
- Dental abscess
- Pharyngitis
- Mononucleosis
- Tularemia
- Yersinia enterocolitica infection
- Salmonella infections
- Rubella
- Tuberculosis
- Sinusitis
- Histoplasmosis
- Candidiasis
- Bronchiectasis
Surgical Care
Depending on presentation, the following procedures may be appropriate:
- Excisional biopsy: Lymphadenitis caused by atypical mycobacteria may have improved cosmetic outcome with surgical excision.
- Aspiration
- Incision and drainage
Consultations
Depending on the etiology, consultations with the following specialists may be appropriate:
- Pediatric infectious disease specialist
- Surgeon
- Hematologist
- Oncologist
Medication
Therapy in patients with lymphadenitis is determined by diagnosis. Refer to the eMedicine article that discusses the diagnosed condition for information about appropriate medications. (See Causes and Treatment).
More on Lymphadenitis |
| Overview: Lymphadenitis |
| Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Lymphadenitis |
Treatment & Medication: Lymphadenitis |
| Follow-up: Lymphadenitis |
| Multimedia: Lymphadenitis |
| References |
| « Previous Page | Next Page » |
References
Friedmann AM. Evaluation and management of lymphadenopathy in children. Pediatr Rev. Feb 2008;29(2):53-60. [Medline].
Fraser L, Moore P, Kubba H. Atypical mycobacterial infection of the head and neck in children: a 5-year retrospective review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Mar 2008;138(3):311-4. [Medline].
Guss J, Kazahaya K. Antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in community-acquired pediatric neck abscesses. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. Jun 2007;71(6):943-8. [Medline].
Guffey MB, Dalzell A, Kelly DR, Cassady KA. Ulceroglandular tularemia in a nonendemic area. South Med J. Mar 2007;100(3):304-8. [Medline].
Pepper S, Islam HK, Jayabose S, et al. Neuroblastoma masquerading as cervical lymphadenitis. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. Apr 2007;29(4):260-1. [Medline].
Chuang CH, Yan DC, Chiu CH, et al. Clinical and laboratory manifestations of Kikuchi's disease in children and differences between patients with and without prolonged fever. Pediatr Infect Dis J. Jun 2005;24(6):551-4. [Medline].
Rigante D, La Torraca I, Rossodivita A, et al. Unilateral cervical mass as a main clue raising the diagnostic suspicion of Kawasaki syndrome. Rheumatol Int. Nov 2007;28(1):73-6. [Medline].
Gattorno M, Caorsi R, Meini A, et al. Differentiating PFAPA syndrome from monogenic periodic fevers. Pediatrics. Oct 2009;124(4):e721-8. [Medline].
Simanovsky N, Hiller N. Importance of sonographic detection of enlarged abdominal lymph nodes in children. J Ultrasound Med. May 2007;26(5):581-4. [Medline].
Ahuja A, Ying M, Yuen YH, Metreweli C. Power Doppler sonography of cervical lymphadenopathy. Clin Radiol. Dec 2001;56(12):965-9. [Medline].
Chao SS, Loh KS, Tan KK, Chong SM. Tuberculous and nontuberculous cervical lymphadenitis: A clinical review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Feb 2002;126(2):176-9. [Medline].
Elden LM, Grundfast KM, Vezina G. Accuracy and usefulness of radiographic assessment of cervical neck infections in children. J Otolaryngol. Apr 2001;30(2):82-9. [Medline].
Eriksson M, Bennet R, Danielsson N. Non-tuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis in healthy children: another "lifestyle disease"?. Acta Paediatr. Nov 2001;90(11):1340-2. [Medline].
Green M. Lymphadenopathy. In: Pediatric Diagnosis. 5th ed. WB Saunders Co; 1992:393-7.
Hazra R, Robson CD, Perez-Atayde AR, Husson RN. Lymphadenitis due to nontuberculous mycobacteria in children: presentation and response to therapy. Clin Infect Dis. Jan 1999;28(1):123-9. [Medline].
Koybasi S, Saydam L, Gungen Y. Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis of the neck. Am J Otolaryngol. Sep-Oct 2003;24(5):344-7. [Medline].
Loeffler AM. Treatment options for nontuberculous mycobacterial adenitis in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. Oct 2004;23(10):957-8. [Medline].
[Guideline] Newburger JW, Takahashi M, Gerber MA, et al. Diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of Kawasaki disease: a statement for health professionals from the Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis and Kawasaki Disease, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, American Heart Association. Circulation. Oct 26 2004;110(17):2747-71. [Medline].
Peters TR, Edwards KM. Cervical lymphadenopathy and adenitis. Pediatr Rev. Dec 2000;21(12):399-405. [Medline].
Thomas KT, Edwards KM. Periodic fever syndrome. Pediatr Infect Dis J. Jan 1999;18(1):68-9. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
lymphadenitis, adenopathy, lymphadenopathy, lymph node enlargement, lymph node inflammation, lymph node infection, periodic fever, PFAPA syndrome, Kawasaki disease, Castleman disease, benign giant lymph node hyperplasia
Treatment & Medication: Lymphadenitis