Pediatric Yellow Fever Differential Diagnoses

Author: David J Cennimo, MD, FACP, FAAP, AAHIVS; Chief Editor: Russell W Steele, MD more...

Updated: Feb 10, 2012

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Diagnostic Considerations

In addition to the conditions listed in the differential diagnosis, other problems to be considered include the following:

Arboviral infections - Lassa fever, chikungunya, dengue
Carbon tetrachloride poisoning
Influenza
Hepatitis E
Sepsis
Typhoid fever
West Nile virus infection (with hepatitis)

Differential Diagnoses

Proceed to Workup

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

David J Cennimo, MD, FACP, FAAP, AAHIVS Assistant Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics, Adult and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Co-Director Physician's Core, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School

David J Cennimo, MD, FACP, FAAP, AAHIVS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, HIV Medicine Association of America, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Medical Society of New Jersey, and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

William H Shoff, MD, DTM&H Director, PENN Travel Medicine; Associate Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

William H Shoff, MD, DTM&H is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, International Society of Travel Medicine, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, and Wilderness Medical Society

Disclosure: Glaxo Smith Kline None None; Glaxo Smith Kline Honoraria Speaking and teaching

Patrick B Hinfey, MD Research Director and Associate Residency Director, Department of Emergency Medicine, Newark Beth Israel Medical Center; Clinical Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, New York College of Osteopathic Medicine

Patrick B Hinfey, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, American Stroke Association, Emergency Medicine Residents Association, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, and Wilderness Medical Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Amy J Behrman, MD Associate Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Director, Division of Occupational Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

Amy J Behrman, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Suzanne Moore Shepherd, MD, MS, DTM&H, FACEP, FAAEM Associate Professor, Education Officer, Department of Emergency Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Director of Education and Research, PENN Travel Medicine

Suzanne Moore Shepherd, MD, MS, DTM&H, FACEP, FAAEM is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, International Society of Travel Medicine, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, and Wilderness Medical Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Russell W Steele, MD Head, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Ochsner Children's Health Center; Clinical Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine

Russell W Steele, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association of Immunologists, American Pediatric Society, American Society for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Louisiana State Medical Society, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, Society for Pediatric Research, and Southern Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Additional Contributors

Leslie L Barton, MD Professor Emerita of Pediatrics, University of Arizona College of Medicine

Leslie L Barton, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, Association of Pediatric Program Directors, Infectious Diseases Society of America, and Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Robert W Tolan Jr, MD Chief, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Children's Hospital at Saint Peter's University Hospital; Clinical Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine

Robert W Tolan Jr, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American Medical Association, American Society for Microbiology, American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, Phi Beta Kappa, and Physicians for Social Responsibility

Disclosure: GlaxoSmithKline Honoraria Speaking and teaching; MedImmune Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Merck Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Sanofi Pasteur Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Baxter Healthcare Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Novartis Honoraria Speaking and teaching

Mary L Windle, PharmD, Adjunct Associate Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

References

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Ellis BR, Barrett AD. The enigma of yellow fever in East Africa. Rev Med Virol. Sep-Oct 2008;18(5):331-46. [Medline].
McFarland JM, Baddour LM, Nelson JE, et al. Imported yellow fever in a United States citizen. Clin Infect Dis. Nov 1997;25(5):1143-7. [Medline].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Fatal yellow fever in a traveler returning from Venezuela, 1999. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. Apr 14 2000;49(14):303-5. [Medline].
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Fatal yellow fever in a traveler returning from Amazonas, Brazil, 2002. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. Apr 19 2002;51(15):324-5. [Medline].
Barnett ED. Yellow fever: epidemiology and prevention. Clin Infect Dis. Mar 15 2007;44(6):850-6. [Medline].
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Sibailly TS, Wiktor SZ, Tsai TF, et al. Poor antibody response to yellow fever vaccination in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Pediatr Infect Dis J. Dec 1997;16(12):1177-9. [Medline].
Goujon C, Tohr M, Feuille V. Good tolerance and efficacy of yellow fever vaccine among subjects who are carriers of human immunodeficiency virus. In: Abstracts, 4th International Conference on Travel Medicine. 1995.
Nasidi A, Monath TP, Vandenberg J, et al. Yellow fever vaccination and pregnancy: a four-year prospective study. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. May-Jun 1993;87(3):337-9. [Medline].
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This female Aedes aegypti mosquito is shown here after landing on a human host. The A aegypti mosquito is a known transmitter of both dengue fever and yellow fever. A aegypti is sometimes referred to as the yellow fever mosquito. The viruses are transferred to the host when bitten by a female mosquito. Image courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO).

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