eMedicine Specialties > Pediatrics: General Medicine > Infectious Disease
Human Metapneumovirus: Follow-up
Updated: May 19, 2009
Follow-up
Deterrence/Prevention
- Until more information becomes available, using contact precautions in all hospitalized patients with bronchiolitis is prudent, whether or not human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is present. Guidelines are available for the diagnosis and treatment of bronchiolitis in children.10
- Development of anti–human metapneumovirus (hMPV) monoclonal antibodies continues. In the future, such preparations may become available for the passive prevention of human metapneumovirus infection in high-risk infants.
Complications
- Respiratory failure may develop.
Prognosis
- Prognosis appears excellent, but further information is needed.
Miscellaneous
Special Concerns
- Immunocompromised patients of any age may develop severe lower respiratory tract disease when infected with human metapneumovirus (hMPV).
- A recent study determined that early and rapid multiviral testing may reduce antibiotic prescription in patients who present with respiratory tract infections.11
More on Human Metapneumovirus |
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| Treatment & Medication: Human Metapneumovirus |
Follow-up: Human Metapneumovirus |
| Multimedia: Human Metapneumovirus |
| References |
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References
van den Hoogen BG, de Jong JC, Groen J, et al. A newly discovered human pneumovirus isolated from young children with respiratory tract disease. Nat Med. Jun 2001;7(6):719-24. [Medline].
Walsh EE, Peterson DR, Falsey AR. Human metapneumovirus infections in adults: another piece of the puzzle. Arch Intern Med. Dec 8 2008;168(22):2489-96. [Medline].
Garbino J, Soccal PM, Aubert JD, Rochat T, Meylan P, Thomas Y. Respiratory viruses in bronchoalveolar lavage: a hospital-based cohort study in adults. Thorax. Jan 27 2009;[Medline].
Kamboj M, Gerbin M, Huang CK, Brennan C, Stiles J, Balashov S. Clinical characterization of human metapneumovirus infection among patients with cancer. J Infect. Dec 2008;57(6):464-71. [Medline].
Falsey AR, Dallal GE, Formica MA, Andolina GG, Hamer DH, Leka LL. Long-term care facilities: a cornucopia of viral pathogens. J Am Geriatr Soc. Jul 2008;56(7):1281-5. [Medline].
Falsey AR. Human metapneumovirus infection in adults. Pediatr Infect Dis J. Oct 2008;27(10 Suppl):S80-3. [Medline].
Stempel HE, Martin ET, Kuypers J, Englund JA, Zerr DM. Multiple viral respiratory pathogens in children with bronchiolitis. Acta Paediatr. Jan 2009;98(1):123-6. [Medline].
Paranhos-Baccala G, Komurian-Pradel F, Richard N, Vernet G, Lina B, Floret D. Mixed respiratory virus infections. J Clin Virol. Dec 2008;43(4):407-10. [Medline].
Spyridaki IS, Christodoulou I, de Beer L, Hovland V, Kurowski M, Olszewska-Ziaber A. Comparison of four nasal sampling methods for the detection of viral pathogens by RT-PCR-A GA(2)LEN project. J Virol Methods. Mar 2009;156(1-2):102-6. [Medline].
[Guideline] Bronchiolitis in children. A national clinical guideline. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN). Nov 2006;[Full Text].
[Best Evidence] Doan QH, Kissoon N, Dobson S, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of the impact of early and rapid diagnosis of viral infections in children brought to an emergency department with febrile respiratory tract illnesses. J Pediatr. Jan 2009;154(1):91-5. [Medline].
Hamelin ME, Boivin G. Development and validation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay for human metapneumovirus serology based on recombinant viral protein. Clin Diag Lab Immunol. 2005;12:249-53. [Medline].
Kuypers J, Wright N, Corey L, Morrow R. Detection and quantification of human metapneumovirus in pediatric specimens by real-time RT-PCR. J Clin Virol. 2005;33:299-305. [Medline].
Nissen MD, Siebert DJ, Mackay IM, Sloots TP, Withers SJ. Evidence of human metapneumovirus in Australian children. Med J Aust. Feb 18 2002;176(4):188. [Medline].
Percivalle E, Sarasini A, Visai L, Revello MG, Gerna G. Rapid detection of human metapneumovirus strains in nasopharyngeal aspirates and shell vial cultures by monoclonal antibodies. J Clin Microbiol. Jul 2005;43(7):3443-6. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Robinson JL, Lee BE, Bastien N, Li Y. Seasonality and clinical features of human metapneumovirus infection in children in Northern Alberta. J Med Virol. 2005;76:98-105. [Medline].
Schildgen O, Glatzel T, Geikowski T, et al. Human metapneumovirus RNA in encephalitis patient. Emerg Infect Dis. Mar 2005;11(3):467-70. [Medline].
Suzuki A, Watanabe O, Okamoto M, et al. Detection of human metapneumovirus from children with acute otitis media. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 2005;24:655-7. [Medline].
Tu CC, Chen LK, Lee YS, Ko CF, Chen CM, Yang HH. An outbreak of human metapneumovirus infection in hospitalized psychiatric adult patients in Taiwan. Scand J Infect Dis. Mar 23 2009;1-5. [Medline].
Williams JV, Martino R, Rabella N, et al. A prospective study comparing human metapneumovirus with other respiratory viruses in adults with hematologic malignancies and respiratory tract infections. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2005;192:1061-5. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
human metapneumovirus, hMPV, common cold, bronchiolitis, respiratory failure, respiratory tract infection, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinorrhea, congestion, cough, dyspnea, tachypnea, wheezing, rales, RSV, human respiratory syncytial virus, human pneumovirus, encephalitis, treatment, diagnosis
Follow-up: Human Metapneumovirus