Renal Glucosuria Treatment & Management
- Author: Rajendra Bhimma, MB, ChB, MD, DCH (SA), FCP (Paeds)(SA), MMed (Natal); Chief Editor: Craig B Langman, MD more...
Medical Care
Benign renal glucosuria is a self-limiting process and requires no special medical care. If other associated findings suggest tubular disorders, then other interventions are required.
Consultations
Consultation with a pediatric nephrologist may be appropriate.
Diet
No special dietary instructions are required. In a very rare case of extremely large amounts of urinary glucose, glucose or another carbohydrate may be required during episodes of great physical activity to prevent hypoglycemia.
Brown GK. Glucose transporters: structure, function and consequences of deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis. May 2000;23(3):237-46. [Medline].
Wright EM, Hirayama BA, Loo DF. Active sugar transport in health and disease. J Intern Med. Jan 2007;261(1):32-43. [Medline].
Kloeckener-Gruissem B, Vandekerckhove K, Nürnberg G, Neidhardt J, Zeitz C, Nürnberg P. Mutation of solute carrier SLC16A12 associates with a syndrome combining juvenile cataract with microcornea and renal glucosuria. Am J Hum Genet. Mar 2008;82(3):772-9. [Medline].
Wright EM, Turk E. The sodium/glucose cotransport family SLC5. Pflugers Arch. Feb 2004;447(5):510-8. [Medline].
Ganapathy V, Thangaraju M, Gopal E, Martin PM, Itagaki S, Miyauchi S, et al. Sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporters in normal tissue and in cancer. AAPS J. 2008;10:193-199.
Hediger MA, Coady MJ, Ikeda TS, Wright EM. Expression cloning and cDNA sequencing of the Na+/glucose co-transporter. Nature. Nov 26-Dec 2 1987;330(6146):379-81. [Medline].
Kanai Y, Lee WS, You G, Brown D, Hediger MA. The human kidney low affinity Na+/glucose cotransporter SGLT2. Delineation of the major renal reabsorptive mechanism for D-glucose. J Clin Invest. Jan 1994;93(1):397-404. [Medline].
Diez-Sampedro A, Hirayama BA, Osswald C, Gorboulev V, Baumgarten K, Volk C. A glucose sensor hiding in a family of transporters. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Sep 30 2003;100(20):11753-8. [Medline].
Calado J, Soto K, Clemente C, Correia P, Rueff J. Novel compound heterozygous mutations in SLC5A2 are responsible for autosomal recessive renal glucosuria. Hum Genet. Feb 2004;114(3):314-6. [Medline].
Calado J, Loeffler J, Sakallioglu O, Gok F, Lhotta K, Barata J. Familial renal glucosuria: SLC5A2 mutation analysis and evidence of salt-wasting. Kidney Int. Mar 2006;69(5):852-5. [Medline].
Calado J, Sznajer Y, Metzger D, Rita A, Hogan MC, Kattamis A. Twenty-one additional cases of familial renal glucosuria: absence of genetic heterogeneity, high prevalence of private mutations and further evidence of volume depletion. Nephrol Dial Transplant. Dec 2008;23(12):3874-9. [Medline].
Quamme GA, Freeman HJ. Evidence for a high-affinity sodium-dependent D-glucose transport system in the kidney. Am J Physiol. Jul 1987;253(1 Pt 2):F151-7. [Medline].
Santer R, Kinner M, Lassen CL, et al. Molecular analysis of the SGLT2 gene in patients with renal glucosuria. J Am Soc Nephrol. Nov 2003;14(11):2873-82. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Freitas HS, D'Agord Schaan B, da Silva RS, Okamoto MM, Oliveira-Souza M, Machado UF. Insulin but not phlorizin treatment induces a transient increase in GLUT2 gene expression in the kidney of diabetic rats. Nephron Physiol. 2007;105(3):p42-51. [Medline].
Oemar BS, Byrd DJ, Brodehl J. Complete absence of tubular glucose reabsorption: a new type of renal glucosuria (type 0). Clin Nephrol. Mar 1987;27(3):156-60. [Medline].
De Paoli P, Battistin S, Jus A, Reitano M, Villalta D, De Marchi S. Immunological characterization of renal glycosuria patients. Clin Exp Immunol. May 1984;56(2):289-94. [Medline].
Gotzsche O. Renal glucosuria and aminoaciduria. Acta Med Scand. 1977;202(1-2):65-7. [Medline].
Sankarasubbaiyan S, Cooper C, Heilig CW. Identification of a novel form of renal glucosuria with overexcretion of arginine, carnosine, and taurine. Am J Kidney Dis. May 2001;37(5):1039-43. [Medline].
Bingham C, Ellard S, Nicholls AJ, Pennock CA, Allen J, James AJ. The generalized aminoaciduria seen in patients with hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha mutations is a feature of all patients with diabetes and is associated with glucosuria. Diabetes. Sep 2001;50(9):2047-52. [Medline].
Santer R, Calado J. Familial renal glucosuria and SGLT2: from a mendelian trait to a therapeutic target. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. Jan 2010;5(1):133-41. [Medline].
Brodehl J, Franken A, Gellissen K. Maximal tubular reabsorption of glucose in infants and children. Acta Paediatr Scand. Jul 1972;61(4):413-20. [Medline].
Calado J, Loeffler J, Sakallioglu O, Gok F, Lhotta K, Barata J. Familial renal glucosuria: SLC5A2 mutation analysis and evidence of salt-wasting. Kidney Int. Mar 2006;69(5):852-5. [Medline].
Crombie DL. Incidence of glycosuria and diabetes. Proc R Soc Med. 1961;55:205.
De Marchi S, Cecchin E, Basile A, Proto G, Donadon W, Schinella D. Is renal glycosuria a benign condition?. Proc Eur Dial Transplant Assoc. 1983;20:681-5. [Medline].
Desjeuz JF, Turk E, Wright E. Congenital selective Na+ D-glucose co-transport defects leading to renal glycosuria and congenital selective intestinal malabsorption of glucose and galactose. In: The Metabolic and Molecular Basis of Inherited Diseases. 1995:3563-80.
Elias LJ, Longo N. Glucose transporters. Ann Rev Med. 1992;43:377-393. [Medline].
Elsas LJ, Rosenberg LE. Familial renal glycosuria: a genetic reappraisal of hexose transport by kidney and intestine. J Clin Invest. Oct 1969;48(10):1845-54. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Francis J, Zhang J, Farhi A, Carey H, Geller DS. A novel SGLT2 mutation in a patient with autosomal recessive renal glucosuria. Nephrol Dial Transplant. Nov 2004;19(11):2893-5. [Medline].
Francis J, Zhang J, Farhi A, et al. A novel SGLT2 mutation in a patient with autosomal recessive renal glucosuria. Nephrol Dial Transplant. Nov 2004;19(11):2893-5. [Medline].
Freitas HS, Anhê GF, Melo KF, Okamoto MM, Oliveira-Souza M, Bordin S. Na(+) -glucose transporter-2 messenger ribonucleic acid expression in kidney of diabetic rats correlates with glycemic levels: involvement of hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha expression and activity. Endocrinology. Feb 2008;149(2):717-24. [Medline].
Harkness J. Prevalence of glycosuria and diabetes mellitus. A comprehensive survey in an urban community. Br Med J. Jun 2 1962;5291:1503-7. [Medline].
Jackson WP, Marine N, Vinik AI. The significance of glycosuria. Lancet. May 4 1968;1(7549):933-6. [Medline].
Jones DP, Chesney RW. Development of tubular function. Clin Perinatol. Mar 1992;19(1):33-57. [Medline].
Kamran M, Peterson RG, Dominguez JH. Overexpression of GLUT2 gene in renal proximal tubules of diabetic Zucker rats. J Am Soc Nephrol. Jun 1997;8(6):943-8. [Medline].
Keller DM. Glucose excretion in man and dog. Nephron. 1968;5(1):43-66. [Medline].
Kleta R, Stuart C, Gill FA, Gahl WA. Renal glucosuria due to SGLT2 mutations. Mol Genet Metab. May 2004;82(1):56-8. [Medline].
Loo DD, Wright EM, Zeuthen T. Water pumps. J Physiol. Jul 1 2002;542(Pt 1):53-60. [Medline].
Magen D, Sprecher E, Zelikovic I, Skorecki K. A novel missense mutation in SLC5A2 encoding SGLT2 underlies autosomal-recessiverenal glucosuria and aminoaciduria. Kidney Int. Jan 2005;67(1):34-41. [Medline].
Marble A. Nondiabetic melituria. In: Marble A, White P, Bradley RF, et al eds. Joslin's Diabetes Mellitus. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: BC Decker Inc; 1971.
Oemar BS, Byrd DJ, Brodehl J. Complete absence of tubular glucose reabsorption: a new type of renal glucosuria (type 0). Clin Nephrol. Mar 1987;27(3):156-60. [Medline].
Oemar BS, Byrd DJ, Brodehl J. Complete absence of tubular glucose reabsorption: a new type of renal glucosuria (type 0). Clin Nephrol. Mar 1987;27(3):156-60. [Medline].
Pajor AM, Wright EM. Cloning and functional expression of a mammalian Na+/nucleoside cotransporter. A member of the SGLT family. J Biol Chem. Feb 25 1992;267(6):3557-60. [Medline].
Renal glycosuria. In: Brodehl J, Edelmann CM Jr, eds. Pediatric Kidney Disease. 2nd ed. Little Brown & Co; 1992:1801-10.
Pontoglio M, Prié D, Cheret C, Doyen A, Leroy C, Froguel P. HNF1alpha controls renal glucose reabsorption in mouse and man. EMBO Rep. Oct 2000;1(4):359-65. [Medline].
Santer R, Kinner M, Lassen CL, Schneppenheim R, Eggert P, Bald M. Molecular analysis of the SGLT2 gene in patients with renal glucosuria. J Am Soc Nephrol. Nov 2003;14(11):2873-82. [Medline].
Simmons RA. Cell glucose transport and glucose handling during fetal and neonatal development. In: Rolin RA, Fox WW, eds. Fetal and Neonatal Physiology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders Co; 1998:585-90.
Spitzer A. The developing kidney and the process of growth. In: The Seldin DW, Giebisch G, eds. Kidney: Physiology and Pathophysiology. 1985.
Wells RG, Pajor AM, Kanai Y, Turk E, Wright EM, Hediger MA. Cloning of a human kidney cDNA with similarity to the sodium-glucose cotransporter. Am J Physiol. Sep 1992;263(3 Pt 2):F459-65. [Medline].
Woolf LI, Goodwin BL, Phelps CE. T-m-limited renal tubular reabsorption and the genetics of renal glucosuria. J Theor Biol. May 1966;11(1):10-21. [Medline].
Wright EM, Hirayama BA, Loo DF. Active sugar transport in health and disease. J Intern Med. Jan 2007;261(1):32-43. [Medline].
Wu CJ. Transient renal glycosuria in a patient with acute pyelonephritis. Intern Med. Jun 2001;40(6):519-21. [Medline].
Yamagata K, Oda N, Kaisaki PJ, Menzel S, Furuta H, Vaxillaire M. Mutations in the hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha gene in maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY3). Nature. Dec 5 1996;384(6608):455-8. [Medline].
Zelikovic I. Aminoaciduria and glycosuria. In: Barratt TM, Avner ED, Harmon WE, eds. Pediatric Nephrology. 4th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999:507-27.

