Pediatric Babesiosis Differential Diagnoses
- Author: Vinod K Dhawan, MD, FACP, FRCP(C); Chief Editor: Russell W Steele, MD more...
Vannier E, Gewurz BE, Krause PJ. Human babesiosis. Infect Dis Clin North Am. Sep 2008;22(3):469-88. [Medline].
Vannier E, Krause PJ. Update on babesiosis. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. 2009;2009:984568. [Medline].
Ngo V, Civen R. Babesiosis acquired through blood transfusion, California, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. May 2009;15(5):785-7. [Medline].
White DJ, Talarico J, Chang HG, et al. Human babesiosis in New York State: Review of 139 hospitalized cases and analysis of prognostic factors. Arch Intern Med. Oct 26 1998;158(19):2149-54. [Medline].
Persing DH, Mathiesen D, Marshall WF, Telford SR, Spielman A, Thomford JW, et al. Detection of Babesia microti by polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol. Aug 1992;30(8):2097-103. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Krause PJ, Spielman A, Telford SR 3rd, et al. Persistent parasitemia after acute babesiosis. N Engl J Med. Jul 16 1998;339(3):160-5. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Krause PJ, Gewurz BE, Hill D, et al. Persistent and relapsing babesiosis in immunocompromised patients. Clin Infect Dis. Feb 1 2008;46(3):370-6. [Medline].
Krause PJ, Lepore T, Sikand VK, et al. Atovaquone and azithromycin for the treatment of babesiosis. N Engl J Med. Nov 16 2000;343(20):1454-8. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Vyas JM, Telford SR, Robbins GK. Treatment of refractory Babesia microti infection with atovaquone-proguanil in an HIV-infected patient: case report. Clin Infect Dis. Dec 15 2007;45(12):1588-90. [Medline].
Wormser GP, Prasad A, Neuhaus E, Joshi S, Nowakowski J, Nelson J, et al. Emergence of resistance to azithromycin-atovaquone in immunocompromised patients with Babesia microti infection. Clin Infect Dis. Feb 1 2010;50(3):381-6. [Medline].
Kuwayama DP, Briones RJ. Spontaneous splenic rupture caused by Babesia microti infection. Clin Infect Dis. May 1 2008;46(9):e92-5. [Medline].
Benezra D, Brown AE, Polsky B, et al. Babesiosis and infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Ann Intern Med. Dec 1987;107(6):944. [Medline].
Buckingham SC. Tick-borne infections in children: epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and optimal management strategies. Paediatr Drugs. 2005;7(3):163-76. [Medline].
Cunha BA, Nausheen S, Szalda D. Pulmonary complications of babesiosis: case report and literature review. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. Jul 2007;26(7):505-8. [Medline].
Dobroszycki J, Herwaldt BL, Boctor F, et al. A cluster of transfusion-associated babesiosis cases traced to a single asymptomatic donor. JAMA. Mar 10 1999;281(10):927-30. [Medline].
Dorman SE, Cannon ME, Telford SR 3rd, et al. Fulminant babesiosis treated with clindamycin, quinine, and whole-blood exchange transfusion. Transfusion. Mar 2000;40(3):375-80. [Medline].
Falagas ME, Klempner MS. Babesiosis in patients with AIDS: a chronic infection presenting as fever of unknown origin. Clin Infect Dis. May 1996;22(5):809-12. [Medline].
Florescu D, Sordillo PP, Glyptis A, et al. Splenic infarction in human babesiosis: two cases and discussion. Clin Infect Dis. Jan 1 2008;46(1):e8-11. [Medline].
Fox LM, Wingerter S, Ahmed A, et al. Neonatal babesiosis: case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Infect Dis J. Feb 2006;25(2):169-73. [Medline].
Gelfand JA, Callahan MV. Babesiosis. Curr Clin Top Infect Dis. 1998;18:201-16. [Medline].
Genchi C. Human babesiosis, an emerging zoonosis. Parassitologia. May 2007;49 Suppl 1:29-31. [Medline].
Gorenflot A, Moubri K, Precigout E, et al. Human babesiosis. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. Jun 1998;92(4):489-501. [Medline].
Herwaldt BL, Kjemtrup AM, Conrad PA, et al. Transfusion-transmitted babesiosis in Washington State: first reported case caused by a WA1-type parasite. J Infect Dis. May 1997;175(5):1259-62. [Medline].
Homer MJ, Aguilar-Delfin I, Telford SR 3rd, Krause PJ, Persing DH. Babesiosis. Clin Microbiol Rev. Jul 2000;13(3):451-69. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Hunfeld KP, Hildebrandt A, Gray JS. Babesiosis: recent insights into an ancient disease. Int J Parasitol. Sep 2008;38(11):1219-37. [Medline].
Jacoby GA, Hunt JV, Kosinski KS, et al. Treatment of transfusion-transmitted babesiosis by exchange transfusion. N Engl J Med. Nov 6 1980;303(19):1098-100. [Medline].
Kjemtrup AM, Conrad PA. Human babesiosis: an emerging tick-borne disease. Int J Parasitol. Nov 1 2000;30(12-13):1323-1337. [Medline].
Krause PJ, Telford SR, Spielman A, et al. Concurrent Lyme disease and babesiosis. Evidence for increased severity and duration of illness. JAMA. Jun 5 1996;275(21):1657-60. [Medline].
Linden JV, Wong SJ, Chu FK, et al. Transfusion-associated transmission of babesiosis in New York State. Transfusion. Mar 2000;40(3):285-9. [Medline].
Persing DH, Herwaldt BL, Glaser C, Lane RS, Thomford JW, Mathiesen D, et al. Infection with a babesia-like organism in northern California. N Engl J Med. Feb 2 1995;332(5):298-303. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Pfeiffer CD, Kazmierczak JJ, Davis JP. Epidemiologic features of human babesiosis in Wisconsin, 1996-2005. WMJ. Jul 2007;106(4):191-5. [Medline].
Quick RE, Herwaldt BL, Thomford JW, et al. Babesiosis in Washington State: a new species of Babesia?. Ann Intern Med. Aug 15 1993;119(4):284-90. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Raju M, Salazar JC, Leopold H, Krause PJ. Atovaquone and azithromycin treatment for babesiosis in an infant. Pediatr Infect Dis J. Feb 2007;26(2):181-3. [Medline].
Rios L, Alvarez G, Blair S. Serological and parasitological study and report of the first case of human babesiosis in Columbia. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2003;36:493-8. [Medline].
Rodgers SE, Mather TN. Human Babesia microti incidence and Ixodes scapularis distribution, Rhode Island, 1998-2004. Emerg Infect Dis. Apr 2007;13(4):633-5. [Medline].
Saito-Ito A, Tsuji M, Wei Q, et al. Transfusion-acquired, autochthonous human babesiosis in Japan: isolation of Babesia microti-like parasites with hu-RBC-SCID mice. J Clin Microbiol. Dec 2000;38(12):4511-6. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Vannier E, Borggraefe I, Telford SR, et al. Age-associated decline in resistance to Babesia microti is genetically determined. J Infect Dis. May 1 2004;189(9):1721-8. [Medline].
Wittner M, Lederman J, Tanowitz HB, et al. Atovaquone in the treatment of Babesia microti infections in hamsters. Am J Trop Med Hyg. Aug 1996;55(2):219-22. [Medline].
Wormser GP, Dattwyler RJ, Shapiro ED, et al. The clinical assessment, treatment, and prevention of lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and babesiosis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. Nov 1 2006;43(9):1089-134. [Medline].

