Maigne JY, Planchon CA. Sacroiliac joint pain after lumbar fusion. A study with anesthetic blocks. Eur Spine J. 2005 Sep. 14 (7):654-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Russell R, Reynolds F. Back pain, pregnancy, and childbirth. BMJ. 1997 Apr 12. 314(7087):1062-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Chi B. Sacroiliitis. Warfield C, Fausett H, eds. Manual of Pain Management. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2002. 95-8.
Katz V, Schofferman J, Reynolds J. The sacroiliac joint: a potential cause of pain after lumbar fusion to the sacrum. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2003 Feb. 16 (1):96-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Sturesson B, Selvik G, Udén A. Movements of the sacroiliac joints. A roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1989 Feb. 14 (2):162-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Szadek KM, Hoogland PV, Zuurmond WW, de Lange JJ, Perez RS. Nociceptive nerve fibers in the sacroiliac joint in humans. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2008 Jan-Feb. 33 (1):36-43. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Fortin JD, Kissling RO, O'Connor BL, Vilensky JA. Sacroiliac joint innervation and pain. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 1999 Dec. 28 (12):687-90. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Murata Y, Takahashi K, Yamagata M, Takahashi Y, Shimada Y, Moriya H. Origin and pathway of sensory nerve fibers to the ventral and dorsal sides of the sacroiliac joint in rats. J Orthop Res. 2001 May. 19 (3):379-83. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Vilensky JA, O'Connor BL, Fortin JD, Merkel GJ, Jimenez AM, Scofield BA, et al. Histologic analysis of neural elements in the human sacroiliac joint. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2002 Jun 1. 27 (11):1202-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Fortin JD, Dwyer AP, West S, Pier J. Sacroiliac joint: pain referral maps upon applying a new injection/arthrography technique. Part I: Asymptomatic volunteers. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1994 Jul 1. 19 (13):1475-82. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Fortin JD, Aprill CN, Ponthieux B, Pier J. Sacroiliac joint: pain referral maps upon applying a new injection/arthrography technique. Part II: Clinical evaluation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1994 Jul 1. 19 (13):1483-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Slipman CW, Jackson HB, Lipetz JS, Chan KT, Lenrow D, Vresilovic EJ. Sacroiliac joint pain referral zones. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000 Mar. 81 (3):334-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Schwarzer AC, Aprill CN, Bogduk N. The sacroiliac joint in chronic low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1995 Jan 1. 20 (1):31-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Liliang PC, Lu K, Weng HC, Liang CL, Tsai YD, Chen HJ. The therapeutic efficacy of sacroiliac joint blocks with triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of sacroiliac joint dysfunction without spondyloarthropathy. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2009 Apr 20. 34 (9):896-900. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hawkins J, Schofferman J. Serial therapeutic sacroiliac joint injections: a practice audit. Pain Med. 2009 Jul-Aug. 10 (5):850-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hansen H, Manchikanti L, Simopoulos TT, Christo PJ, Gupta S, Smith HS, et al. A systematic evaluation of the therapeutic effectiveness of sacroiliac joint interventions. Pain Physician. 2012 May-Jun. 15 (3):E247-78. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Maugars Y, Mathis C, Berthelot JM, Charlier C, Prost A. Assessment of the efficacy of sacroiliac corticosteroid injections in spondylarthropathies: a double-blind study. Br J Rheumatol. 1996 Aug. 35 (8):767-70. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
van der Wurff P, Hagmeijer RH, Meyne W. Clinical tests of the sacroiliac joint. A systematic methodological review. Part 1: Reliability. Man Ther. 2000 Feb. 5 (1):30-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
van der Wurff P, Meyne W, Hagmeijer RH. Clinical tests of the sacroiliac joint. Man Ther. 2000 May. 5 (2):89-96. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Russel AS, Maksymowych W, LeClercq S. Clinical examination of the sacroiliac joints: a prospective study. Arthritis Rheum. 1981 Dec. 24 (12):1575-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Broadhurst NA, Bond MJ. Pain provocation tests for the assessment of sacroiliac joint dysfunction. J Spinal Disord. 1998 Aug. 11 (4):341-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Bogduk N. Pain provocation tests for the assessment of sacroiliac joint dysfunction. J Spinal Disord. 1999 Aug. 12 (4):357-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Dreyfuss P, Michaelsen M, Pauza K, McLarty J, Bogduk N. The value of medical history and physical examination in diagnosing sacroiliac joint pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1996 Nov 15. 21 (22):2594-602. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Dreyfuss P, Dryer S, Griffin J, Hoffman J, Walsh N. Positive sacroiliac screening tests in asymptomatic adults. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1994 May 15. 19 (10):1138-43. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Russel AS, Maksymowych W, LeClercq S. Clinical examination of the sacroiliac joints: a prospective study. Arthritis Rheum. 1981 Dec. 24 (12):1575-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
van der Wurff P, Buijs EJ, Groen GJ. A multitest regimen of pain provocation tests as an aid to reduce unnecessary minimally invasive sacroiliac joint procedures. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2006 Jan. 87 (1):10-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Elgafy H, Semaan HB, Ebraheim NA, Coombs RJ. Computed tomography findings in patients with sacroiliac pain. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2001 Jan. 112-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Merskey H, Bogduk N, eds. Classification of Chronic Pain: Descriptions of Chronic Pain Syndromes and Definition of Pain Terms. 2nd ed. Seattle: IASP Press; 1994. [Full Text].
Todd D, Mohamed S. Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in pain management. Borsook D, LeBel A, McPeek B, eds. The Mass General Handbook of Pain Management. Boston: Little, Brown; 1996. 134-84.
Bernard TN, Cassidy JD. The sacroiliac joint syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Frymayer JW, ed. The Adult Spine: Principles and Practice. New York: Raven Press; 1991. 2107-30.
Waldman SD. Sacroiliac joint injection. Atlas of Interventional Pain Management. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2022. 770-8.
Burnham T, Sampson J, Speckman RA, Conger A, Cushman DM, McCormick ZL. The Effectiveness of Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection for the Treatment of Suspected Sacroiliac Joint Complex Pain; a Systematic Review. Pain Med. 2020 Oct 1. 21 (10):2518-2528. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Rothenberg JB, Godha K, Civitarese DM, Malanga G, Singh JR, Panero A, et al. Pain and functional outcomes of the sacroiliac joint after platelet-rich plasma injection: a descriptive review. Regen Med. 2021 Jan. 16 (1):87-100. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Chen AS, Solberg J, Smith C, Chi M, Lowder R, Christolias G, et al. Intra-Articular Platelet Rich Plasma vs Corticosteroid Injections for Sacroiliac Joint Pain: A Double-Blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial. Pain Med. 2022 Jul 1. 23 (7):1266-1271. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kirkaldy-Willis WH, Burton CV. Managing Low Back Pain. 3rd ed. New York: Churchill-Livingstone; 1999. 121-48.
Rana SH, Farjoodi P, Haloman S, Dutton P, Hariri A, Ward SR, et al. Anatomic Evaluation of the Sacroiliac Joint: A Radiographic Study with Implications for Procedures. Pain Physician. 2015 Nov. 18 (6):583-92. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Pereira PL, Günaydin I, Trübenbach J, Dammann F, Remy CT, Kötter I, et al. Interventional MR imaging for injection of sacroiliac joints in patients with sacroiliitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000 Jul. 175 (1):265-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Tahaei SA, Baez-Cabrera LD, Lin PS, Furman MB. Sacroiliac intraarticular joint injection: ultrasound guidance. Furman MB, Berkwits L, Cohen I, Goodman BS, Kirschner JS, Lee TS, et al, eds. Atlas of Image-Guided Spinal Procedures. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2018. 181-4.
Rosenberg JM, Quint TJ, de Rosayro AM. Computerized tomographic localization of clinically-guided sacroiliac joint injections. Clin J Pain. 2000 Mar. 16 (1):18-21. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hansen HC. Is fluoroscopy necessary for sacroiliac joint injections?. Pain Physician. 2003 Apr. 6 (2):155-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Block BM, Hobelmann JG, Murphy KJ, Grabow TS. An imaging review of sacroiliac joint injection under computed tomography guidance. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2005 May-Jun. 30 (3):295-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Pekkafahli MZ, Kiralp MZ, Başekim CC, Silit E, Mutlu H, Oztürk E, et al. Sacroiliac joint injections performed with sonographic guidance. J Ultrasound Med. 2003 Jun. 22 (6):553-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Jee H, Lee JH, Park KD, Ahn J, Park Y. Ultrasound-guided versus fluoroscopy-guided sacroiliac joint intra-articular injections in the noninflammatory sacroiliac joint dysfunction: a prospective, randomized, single-blinded study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014 Feb. 95 (2):330-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Perry JM, Colberg RE, Dault SL, Beason DP, Tresgallo RA 3rd. A Cadaveric Study Assessing the Accuracy of Ultrasound-Guided Sacroiliac Joint Injections. PM R. 2016 Dec. 8 (12):1168-1172. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Soneji N, Bhatia A, Seib R, Tumber P, Dissanayake M, Peng PW. Comparison of Fluoroscopy and Ultrasound Guidance for Sacroiliac Joint Injection in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain. Pain Pract. 2016 Jun. 16 (5):537-44. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Bydon M, Macki M, De la Garza-Ramos R, Youssef M, Gokaslan ZL, Meleka S, et al. The cost-effectiveness of CT-guided sacroiliac joint injections: a measure of QALY gained. Neurol Res. 2014 Oct. 36 (10):915-20. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Althoff CE, Bollow M, Feist E, Marticorena-Garcia SR, Eshed I, Diekhoff T, et al. CT-guided corticosteroid injection of the sacroiliac joints: quality assurance and standardized prospective evaluation of long-term effectiveness over six months. Clin Rheumatol. 2015 Jun. 34 (6):1079-84. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Norman GF. Sacroiliac disease and its relationship to lower abdominal pain. Am J Surg. 1968 Jul. 116 (1):54-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Schuchmann JA, Cannon CL. Sacroiliac strain syndrome: diagnosis and treatment. Tex Med. 1986 Jun. 82 (6):33-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hartung W, Ross CJ, Straub R, Feuerbach S, Schölmerich J, Fleck M, et al. Ultrasound-guided sacroiliac joint injection in patients with established sacroiliitis: precise IA injection verified by MRI scanning does not predict clinical outcome. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2010 Aug. 49 (8):1479-82. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Murakami E, Tanaka Y, Aizawa T, Ishizuka M, Kokubun S. Effect of periarticular and intraarticular lidocaine injections for sacroiliac joint pain: prospective comparative study. J Orthop Sci. 2007 May. 12 (3):274-80. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Nacey NC, Patrie JT, Fox MG. Fluoroscopically Guided Sacroiliac Joint Injections: Comparison of the Effects of Intraarticular and Periarticular Injections on Immediate and Short-Term Pain Relief. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2016 Nov. 207 (5):1055-1061. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Savran Sahin B, Aktas E, Haberal B, Harman A, Canan Yazici A, Kaygusuz H, et al. Sacroiliac pain and CT-guided steroid injection treatment: high-grade arthritis has an adverse effect on outcomes in long-term follow-up. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2015 Aug. 19 (15):2804-11. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Burnham RS, Yasui Y. An alternate method of radiofrequency neurotomy of the sacroiliac joint: a pilot study of the effect on pain, function, and satisfaction. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2007 Jan-Feb. 32 (1):12-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Yin W, Willard F, Carreiro J, Dreyfuss P. Sensory stimulation-guided sacroiliac joint radiofrequency neurotomy: technique based on neuroanatomy of the dorsal sacral plexus. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2003 Oct 15. 28 (20):2419-25. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Cohen SP, Abdi S. Lateral branch blocks as a treatment for sacroiliac joint pain: A pilot study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2003 Mar-Apr. 28 (2):113-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Aydin SM, Gharibo CG, Mehnert M, Stitik TP. The role of radiofrequency ablation for sacroiliac joint pain: a meta-analysis. PM R. 2010 Sep. 2 (9):842-51. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Cánovas Martínez L, Orduña Valls J, Paramés Mosquera E, Lamelas Rodríguez L, Rojas Gil S, Domínguez García M. Sacroiliac joint pain: Prospective, randomised, experimental and comparative study of thermal radiofrequency with sacroiliac joint block. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2016 May. 63 (5):267-72. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Bellini M, Barbieri M. Single strip lesions radiofrequency denervation for treatment of sacroiliac joint pain: two years' results. Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther. 2016. 48 (1):19-22. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Lee JH, Lee SH, Song SH. Clinical effectiveness of botulinum toxin A compared to a mixture of steroid and local anesthetics as a treatment for sacroiliac joint pain. Pain Med. 2010 May. 11 (5):692-700. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kim WM, Lee HG, Jeong CW, Kim CM, Yoon MH. A randomized controlled trial of intra-articular prolotherapy versus steroid injection for sacroiliac joint pain. J Altern Complement Med. 2010 Dec. 16 (12):1285-90. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Cusi M, Saunders J, Hungerford B, Wisbey-Roth T, Lucas P, Wilson S. The use of prolotherapy in the sacroiliac joint. Br J Sports Med. 2010 Feb. 44 (2):100-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Schütz U, Grob D. Poor outcome following bilateral sacroiliac joint fusion for degenerative sacroiliac joint syndrome. Acta Orthop Belg. 2006 Jun. 72 (3):296-308. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Plastaras CT, Joshi AB, Garvan C, Chimes GP, Smeal W, Rittenberg J, et al. Adverse events associated with fluoroscopically guided sacroiliac joint injections. PM R. 2012 Jul. 4 (7):473-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].