Sacroiliac Joint Injection Questions & Answers

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12. Slipman CW, Jackson HB, Lipetz JS, Chan KT, Lenrow D, Vresilovic EJ. Sacroiliac joint pain referral zones. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000 Mar. 81 (3):334-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

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15. Hawkins J, Schofferman J. Serial therapeutic sacroiliac joint injections: a practice audit. Pain Med. 2009 Jul-Aug. 10 (5):850-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

16. Hansen H, Manchikanti L, Simopoulos TT, Christo PJ, Gupta S, Smith HS, et al. A systematic evaluation of the therapeutic effectiveness of sacroiliac joint interventions. Pain Physician. 2012 May-Jun. 15 (3):E247-78. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

17. Maugars Y, Mathis C, Berthelot JM, Charlier C, Prost A. Assessment of the efficacy of sacroiliac corticosteroid injections in spondylarthropathies: a double-blind study. Br J Rheumatol. 1996 Aug. 35 (8):767-70. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

18. van der Wurff P, Hagmeijer RH, Meyne W. Clinical tests of the sacroiliac joint. A systematic methodological review. Part 1: Reliability. Man Ther. 2000 Feb. 5 (1):30-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

19. van der Wurff P, Meyne W, Hagmeijer RH. Clinical tests of the sacroiliac joint. Man Ther. 2000 May. 5 (2):89-96. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

20. Russel AS, Maksymowych W, LeClercq S. Clinical examination of the sacroiliac joints: a prospective study. Arthritis Rheum. 1981 Dec. 24 (12):1575-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

21. Broadhurst NA, Bond MJ. Pain provocation tests for the assessment of sacroiliac joint dysfunction. J Spinal Disord. 1998 Aug. 11 (4):341-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

22. Bogduk N. Pain provocation tests for the assessment of sacroiliac joint dysfunction. J Spinal Disord. 1999 Aug. 12 (4):357-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

23. Dreyfuss P, Michaelsen M, Pauza K, McLarty J, Bogduk N. The value of medical history and physical examination in diagnosing sacroiliac joint pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1996 Nov 15. 21 (22):2594-602. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

24. Dreyfuss P, Dryer S, Griffin J, Hoffman J, Walsh N. Positive sacroiliac screening tests in asymptomatic adults. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1994 May 15. 19 (10):1138-43. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

25. Russel AS, Maksymowych W, LeClercq S. Clinical examination of the sacroiliac joints: a prospective study. Arthritis Rheum. 1981 Dec. 24 (12):1575-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

26. van der Wurff P, Buijs EJ, Groen GJ. A multitest regimen of pain provocation tests as an aid to reduce unnecessary minimally invasive sacroiliac joint procedures. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2006 Jan. 87 (1):10-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

27. Elgafy H, Semaan HB, Ebraheim NA, Coombs RJ. Computed tomography findings in patients with sacroiliac pain. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2001 Jan. 112-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

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30. Bernard TN, Cassidy JD. The sacroiliac joint syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Frymayer JW, ed. The Adult Spine: Principles and Practice. New York: Raven Press; 1991. 2107-30.

31. Waldman SD. Sacroiliac joint injection. Atlas of Interventional Pain Management. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2022. 770-8.

32. Burnham T, Sampson J, Speckman RA, Conger A, Cushman DM, McCormick ZL. The Effectiveness of Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection for the Treatment of Suspected Sacroiliac Joint Complex Pain; a Systematic Review. Pain Med. 2020 Oct 1. 21 (10):2518-2528. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

33. Rothenberg JB, Godha K, Civitarese DM, Malanga G, Singh JR, Panero A, et al. Pain and functional outcomes of the sacroiliac joint after platelet-rich plasma injection: a descriptive review. Regen Med. 2021 Jan. 16 (1):87-100. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

34. Chen AS, Solberg J, Smith C, Chi M, Lowder R, Christolias G, et al. Intra-Articular Platelet Rich Plasma vs Corticosteroid Injections for Sacroiliac Joint Pain: A Double-Blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial. Pain Med. 2022 Jul 1. 23 (7):1266-1271. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

35. Kirkaldy-Willis WH, Burton CV. Managing Low Back Pain. 3rd ed. New York: Churchill-Livingstone; 1999. 121-48.

36. Rana SH, Farjoodi P, Haloman S, Dutton P, Hariri A, Ward SR, et al. Anatomic Evaluation of the Sacroiliac Joint: A Radiographic Study with Implications for Procedures. Pain Physician. 2015 Nov. 18 (6):583-92. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

37. Pereira PL, Günaydin I, Trübenbach J, Dammann F, Remy CT, Kötter I, et al. Interventional MR imaging for injection of sacroiliac joints in patients with sacroiliitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000 Jul. 175 (1):265-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

38. Tahaei SA, Baez-Cabrera LD, Lin PS, Furman MB. Sacroiliac intraarticular joint injection: ultrasound guidance. Furman MB, Berkwits L, Cohen I, Goodman BS, Kirschner JS, Lee TS, et al, eds. Atlas of Image-Guided Spinal Procedures. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2018. 181-4.

39. Rosenberg JM, Quint TJ, de Rosayro AM. Computerized tomographic localization of clinically-guided sacroiliac joint injections. Clin J Pain. 2000 Mar. 16 (1):18-21. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

40. Hansen HC. Is fluoroscopy necessary for sacroiliac joint injections?. Pain Physician. 2003 Apr. 6 (2):155-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

41. Block BM, Hobelmann JG, Murphy KJ, Grabow TS. An imaging review of sacroiliac joint injection under computed tomography guidance. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2005 May-Jun. 30 (3):295-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

42. Pekkafahli MZ, Kiralp MZ, Başekim CC, Silit E, Mutlu H, Oztürk E, et al. Sacroiliac joint injections performed with sonographic guidance. J Ultrasound Med. 2003 Jun. 22 (6):553-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

43. Jee H, Lee JH, Park KD, Ahn J, Park Y. Ultrasound-guided versus fluoroscopy-guided sacroiliac joint intra-articular injections in the noninflammatory sacroiliac joint dysfunction: a prospective, randomized, single-blinded study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014 Feb. 95 (2):330-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

44. Perry JM, Colberg RE, Dault SL, Beason DP, Tresgallo RA 3rd. A Cadaveric Study Assessing the Accuracy of Ultrasound-Guided Sacroiliac Joint Injections. PM R. 2016 Dec. 8 (12):1168-1172. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

45. Soneji N, Bhatia A, Seib R, Tumber P, Dissanayake M, Peng PW. Comparison of Fluoroscopy and Ultrasound Guidance for Sacroiliac Joint Injection in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain. Pain Pract. 2016 Jun. 16 (5):537-44. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

46. Bydon M, Macki M, De la Garza-Ramos R, Youssef M, Gokaslan ZL, Meleka S, et al. The cost-effectiveness of CT-guided sacroiliac joint injections: a measure of QALY gained. Neurol Res. 2014 Oct. 36 (10):915-20. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

47. Althoff CE, Bollow M, Feist E, Marticorena-Garcia SR, Eshed I, Diekhoff T, et al. CT-guided corticosteroid injection of the sacroiliac joints: quality assurance and standardized prospective evaluation of long-term effectiveness over six months. Clin Rheumatol. 2015 Jun. 34 (6):1079-84. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

48. Norman GF. Sacroiliac disease and its relationship to lower abdominal pain. Am J Surg. 1968 Jul. 116 (1):54-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

49. Schuchmann JA, Cannon CL. Sacroiliac strain syndrome: diagnosis and treatment. Tex Med. 1986 Jun. 82 (6):33-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

50. Hartung W, Ross CJ, Straub R, Feuerbach S, Schölmerich J, Fleck M, et al. Ultrasound-guided sacroiliac joint injection in patients with established sacroiliitis: precise IA injection verified by MRI scanning does not predict clinical outcome. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2010 Aug. 49 (8):1479-82. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

51. Murakami E, Tanaka Y, Aizawa T, Ishizuka M, Kokubun S. Effect of periarticular and intraarticular lidocaine injections for sacroiliac joint pain: prospective comparative study. J Orthop Sci. 2007 May. 12 (3):274-80. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

52. Nacey NC, Patrie JT, Fox MG. Fluoroscopically Guided Sacroiliac Joint Injections: Comparison of the Effects of Intraarticular and Periarticular Injections on Immediate and Short-Term Pain Relief. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2016 Nov. 207 (5):1055-1061. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

53. Savran Sahin B, Aktas E, Haberal B, Harman A, Canan Yazici A, Kaygusuz H, et al. Sacroiliac pain and CT-guided steroid injection treatment: high-grade arthritis has an adverse effect on outcomes in long-term follow-up. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2015 Aug. 19 (15):2804-11. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

54. Burnham RS, Yasui Y. An alternate method of radiofrequency neurotomy of the sacroiliac joint: a pilot study of the effect on pain, function, and satisfaction. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2007 Jan-Feb. 32 (1):12-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

55. Yin W, Willard F, Carreiro J, Dreyfuss P. Sensory stimulation-guided sacroiliac joint radiofrequency neurotomy: technique based on neuroanatomy of the dorsal sacral plexus. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2003 Oct 15. 28 (20):2419-25. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

56. Cohen SP, Abdi S. Lateral branch blocks as a treatment for sacroiliac joint pain: A pilot study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2003 Mar-Apr. 28 (2):113-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

57. Aydin SM, Gharibo CG, Mehnert M, Stitik TP. The role of radiofrequency ablation for sacroiliac joint pain: a meta-analysis. PM R. 2010 Sep. 2 (9):842-51. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

58. Cánovas Martínez L, Orduña Valls J, Paramés Mosquera E, Lamelas Rodríguez L, Rojas Gil S, Domínguez García M. Sacroiliac joint pain: Prospective, randomised, experimental and comparative study of thermal radiofrequency with sacroiliac joint block. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2016 May. 63 (5):267-72. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

59. Bellini M, Barbieri M. Single strip lesions radiofrequency denervation for treatment of sacroiliac joint pain: two years' results. Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther. 2016. 48 (1):19-22. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

60. Lee JH, Lee SH, Song SH. Clinical effectiveness of botulinum toxin A compared to a mixture of steroid and local anesthetics as a treatment for sacroiliac joint pain. Pain Med. 2010 May. 11 (5):692-700. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

61. Kim WM, Lee HG, Jeong CW, Kim CM, Yoon MH. A randomized controlled trial of intra-articular prolotherapy versus steroid injection for sacroiliac joint pain. J Altern Complement Med. 2010 Dec. 16 (12):1285-90. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

62. Cusi M, Saunders J, Hungerford B, Wisbey-Roth T, Lucas P, Wilson S. The use of prolotherapy in the sacroiliac joint. Br J Sports Med. 2010 Feb. 44 (2):100-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

63. Schütz U, Grob D. Poor outcome following bilateral sacroiliac joint fusion for degenerative sacroiliac joint syndrome. Acta Orthop Belg. 2006 Jun. 72 (3):296-308. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

64. Plastaras CT, Joshi AB, Garvan C, Chimes GP, Smeal W, Rittenberg J, et al. Adverse events associated with fluoroscopically guided sacroiliac joint injections. PM R. 2012 Jul. 4 (7):473-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

Stephen Kishner, MD, MHA Clinical Professor, Louisiana State University School of Medicine in New Orleans

Stephen Kishner, MD, MHA is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

John L Faciane, Jr, MD Chief Resident in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University School of Medicine in New Orleans

John L Faciane, Jr, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Louisiana State Medical Society, Spine Intervention Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Mary L Windle, PharmD Adjunct Associate Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Erik D Schraga, MD Staff Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mills-Peninsula Emergency Medical Associates

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Mariam Chowdhry, DO Resident Physician, Department of Physical Medical and Rehabilitation, Louisiana State University School of Medicine in New Orleans

Mariam Chowdhry, DO is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pain Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

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