Perioral Dermatitis Questions & Answers

1. Kihiczak GG, Cruz MA, Schwartz RA. Periorificial dermatitis in children: an update and description of a child with striking features. Int J Dermatol. 2009 Mar. 48(3):304-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

2. Tolaymat L, Hall MR. Perioral Dermatitis. StatPearls [Internet]. 2020 Jan. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

3. Chen AY, Zirwas MJ. Steroid-induced rosacealike dermatitis: case report and review of the literature. Cutis. 2009 Apr. 83(4):198-204. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

4. Peralta L, Morais P. Perioral dermatitis -- the role of nasal steroids. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2012 Jun. 31(2):160-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

5. Beacham BE, Kurgansky D, Gould WM. Circumoral dermatitis and cheilitis caused by tartar control dentifrices. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1990 Jun. 22(6 Pt 1):1029-32. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

6. Karincaoglu Y, Bayram N, Aycan O, Esrefoglu M. The clinical importance of demodex folliculorum presenting with nonspecific facial signs and symptoms. J Dermatol. 2004 Aug. 31(8):618-26. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

7. Abeck D, Geisenfelder B, Brandt O. Physical sunscreens with high sun protection factor may cause perioral dermatitis in children. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2009 Aug. 7(8):701-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

8. Baratli J, Megahed M. [Lupoid perioral dermatitis as a special form of perioral dermatitis : Review of pathogenesis and new therapeutic options.]. Hautarzt. 2013 Nov 9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

9. Alniemi DT, Chen DL. Perioral Demodex folliculitis masquerading as perioral dermatitis in the peripartum period. JAAD Case Rep. 2019 Jul. 5 (7):639-641. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

10. Antille C, Saurat JH, Lübbe J. Induction of rosaceiform dermatitis during treatment of facial inflammatory dermatoses with tacrolimus ointment. Arch Dermatol. 2004 Apr. 140(4):457-60. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

11. Dirschka T, Tronnier H, Folster-Holst R. Epithelial barrier function and atopic diathesis in rosacea and perioral dermatitis. Br J Dermatol. 2004 Jun. 150(6):1136-41. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

12. Lucas CR, Korman NJ, Gilliam AC. Granulomatous periorificial dermatitis: a variant of granulomatous rosacea in children?. J Cutan Med Surg. 2009 Mar-Apr. 13(2):115-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

13. Richey DF, Hopson B. Photodynamic therapy for perioral dermatitis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2006 Feb. 5(2 Suppl):12-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

14. Smith KW. Perioral dermatitis with histopathologic features of granulomatous rosacea: successful treatment with isotretinoin. Cutis. 1990 Nov. 46(5):413-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

15. Bribeche MR, Fedotov VP, Jillella A, Gladichev VV, Pukhalskaya DM. Topical praziquantel as a new treatment for perioral dermatitis: results of a randomized vehicle-controlled pilot study. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2014 Jun. 39 (4):448-53. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

16. Tempark T, Shwayder TA. Perioral dermatitis: a review of the condition with special attention to treatment options. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2014 Apr. 15 (2):101-13. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

17. Sharma R, Abrol S, Wani M. Misuse of topical corticosteroids on facial skin. A study of 200 patients. J Dermatol Case Rep. 2017 Mar 31. 11 (1):5-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

18. Miller SR, Shalita AR. Topical metronidazole gel (0.75%) for the treatment of perioral dermatitis in children. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1994 Nov. 31(5 Pt 2):847-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

19. Wollenberg A, Oppel T. Scoring of skin lesions with the perioral dermatitis severity index (PODSI). Acta Derm Venereol. 2006. 86(3):251-2. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

20. Oppel T, Pavicic T, Kamann S, Brautigam M, Wollenberg A. Pimecrolimus cream (1%) efficacy in perioral dermatitis - results of a randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study in 40 patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2007 Oct. 21(9):1175-80. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

21. Jansen T. Perioral dermatitis successfully treated with topical adapalene. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2002 Mar. 16(2):175-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

22. Jansen T. Azelaic acid as a new treatment for perioral dermatitis: results from an open study. Br J Dermatol. 2004 Oct. 151(4):933-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

23. Schwarz T, Kreiselmaier I, Bieber T, et al. A randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study of 1% pimecrolimus cream in adult patients with perioral dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008 Jul. 59(1):34-40. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

24. Ollech A, Yousif R, Kruse L, Wagner A, Kenner-Bell B, Chamlin S, et al. Topical calcineurin inhibitors for pediatric periorificial dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020 Jun. 82 (6):1409-1414. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

25. Del Rosso JQ. The use of topical azelaic acid for common skin disorders other than inflammatory rosacea. Cutis. 2006 Feb. 77(2 Suppl):22-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

26. Hafeez ZH. Perioral dermatitis: an update. Int J Dermatol. 2003 Jul. 42(7):514-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

27. Katsambas AD, Nicolaidou E. Acne, perioral dermatitis, flushing, and rosacea: unapproved treatments or indications. Clin Dermatol. 2000 Mar-Apr. 18(2):171-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

28. Boeck K, Abeck D, Werfel S, Ring J. Perioral dermatitis in children--clinical presentation, pathogenesis-related factors and response to topical metronidazole. Dermatology. 1997. 195(3):235-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

29. Hengge UR, Ruzicka T, Schwartz RA, Cork MJ. Adverse effects of topical glucocorticosteroids. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006 Jan. 54(1):1-15; quiz 16-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

30. Hall CS, Reichenberg J. Evidence based review of perioral dermatitis therapy. G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2010 Aug. 145(4):433-44. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

Hans J Kammler, MD, PhD Director and Professor, University Medical Center Bonn, Germany

Disclosure: Serve(d) as a director, officer, partner, employee, advisor, consultant or trustee for: Almirall S.A.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

William D James, MD Paul R Gross Professor of Dermatology, Vice-Chairman, Residency Program Director, Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

William D James, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Dermatology, Society for Investigative Dermatology

Disclosure: Received income in an amount equal to or greater than $250 from: Elsevier; WebMD<br/>Served as a speaker for various universities, dermatology societies, and dermatology departments.

Andrea Leigh Zaenglein, MD Professor of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Department of Dermatology, Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine

Andrea Leigh Zaenglein, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Dermatology, Society for Pediatric Dermatology

Disclosure: Received consulting fee from Galderma for consulting; Received consulting fee from Valeant for consulting; Received consulting fee from Promius for consulting; Received consulting fee from Anacor for consulting; Received grant/research funds from Stiefel for investigator; Received grant/research funds from Astellas for investigator; Received grant/research funds from Ranbaxy for other; Received consulting fee from Ranbaxy for consulting.

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