Overview
What are the diagnostic criteria for rosacea?
What are secondary signs and symptoms in rosacea?
What are the signs and symptoms of ocular rosacea?
Which histological findings are characteristic of rosacea?
What is the role of laser treatment in the treatment of rosacea?
What is the role of surgery in the treatment of rosacea?
What are the common triggering factors for rosacea?
What is the role of sunscreen in the treatment of rosacea?
What is erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR)?
What is papulopustular rosacea (PPR)?
What is the pathophysiology of rosacea?
What is the role of vasculature in the pathophysiology of rosacea?
What is the role of climate in the pathophysiology of rosacea?
What is the role of dermal matrix degeneration in the pathophysiology of rosacea?
What is the role of chemicals and ingested agents in the pathophysiology of rosacea?
What is the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of rosacea?
What is the role of microbial organisms in the pathophysiology of rosacea?
What is the role of ferritin in the pathophysiology of rosacea?
What is the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathophysiology of rosacea?
What is the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the pathophysiology of rosacea?
What is the role of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in the pathophysiology of rosacea?
What is the prevalence of rosacea?
What is the prognosis of rosacea?
What is included in patient education about rosacea?
Presentation
Which clinical history findings are characteristic of rosacea?
Which physical findings are characteristic of rosacea?
Which physical findings are characteristic of ocular rosacea?
Which physical findings are characteristic of rosacea fulminans (pyoderma faciale)?
Which dermatologic disorders are common comorbidities of rosacea?
What are the possible complications of rosacea?
DDX
Which disorders should be included in the differential diagnoses of rosacea?
What are the differential diagnoses for Rosacea?
Workup
What is the role of lab testing in the workup of rosacea?
What is the role of skin biopsy in the workup of rosacea?
Which histologic findings are characteristic of rosacea?
Treatment
What is the role of sunscreen in the treatment of rosacea?
What is the role of laser therapy in the treatment of rosacea?
What is the role of surgery in the treatment of rosacea?
Which dietary modifications are used in the treatment of rosacea?
Guidelines
What are the treatment guidelines for patients with rosacea?
Medications
What are goals of drug treatment for rosacea?
What is the role of metronidazole and retinoids in the treatment of rosacea?
What is the role of brimonidine in the treatment of rosacea?
What is the role of oxymetazoline in the treatment of rosacea?
What is the role of ivermectin (Soolantra) in the treatment of rosacea?
Which oral medications are used in the treatment of rosacea?
Which medications in the drug class Topical Alpha Agonists are used in the treatment of Rosacea?
Which medications in the drug class Acne Agents, Topical are used in the treatment of Rosacea?
Which medications in the drug class Antihypertensive Agents are used in the treatment of Rosacea?
Which medications in the drug class Corticosteroids are used in the treatment of Rosacea?
Which medications in the drug class Retinoid-Like Agents are used in the treatment of Rosacea?
Which medications in the drug class Antibiotics are used in the treatment of Rosacea?
Which medications in the drug class Immunosuppressants are used in the treatment of Rosacea?
-
Histopathology of rosacea. Perifollicular chronic inflammation and vascular ectasia. Courtesy of Dirk Elston, MD.
-
Mild papules and erythema. Courtesy of DermNet New Zealand (https://www.dermnetnz.org/imagedetail/2367).
-
Moderate papules and early pustules. Courtesy of DermNet New Zealand (https://www.dermnetnz.org/imagedetail/2369).
-
Severe erythema, papules, and pustules. Courtesy of DermNet New Zealand (https://www.dermnetnz.org/imagedetail/2371).