Granuloma Annulare Questions & Answers

Updated: Oct 15, 2020
  • Author: Ruby Ghadially, MBChB, FRCP(C)Derm; Chief Editor: William D James, MD  more...
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Questions & Answers

Overview

What is granuloma annulare?

What are the types of granuloma annulare?

What is the pathogenesis of granuloma annulare?

What is the etiology of granuloma annulare?

What etiologic factors have been proposed for granuloma annulare?

What is the evidence of a familial etiology for granuloma annulare?

What are risk factors for granuloma annulare?

What conditions are associated with granuloma annulare?

Which malignancies have been associated with granuloma annulare?

What is the frequency of granuloma annulare in the general population?

What is the most common subtype of granuloma annulare?

How does the prevalence of granuloma annulare vary by sex?

How does the prevalence of granuloma annulare vary by age?

What is the prognosis of granuloma annulare?

What information about granuloma annulare should be given to patients?

Presentation

What are the signs and symptoms of granuloma annulare?

Which physical findings are characteristic of localized granuloma annulare?

Which physical findings are characteristic of generalized granuloma annulare?

Which physical findings are characteristic of subcutaneous granuloma annulare?

Which physical findings are characteristic of perforating granuloma annulare?

Which physical findings are characteristic of the arcuate dermal erythema type of granuloma annulare?

Which physical findings are characteristic of actinic annulare?

DDX

Which conditions should be included in the differential diagnosis of granuloma annulare?

What are the differential diagnoses for Granuloma Annulare?

Workup

What is the role of lab studies in the workup of granuloma annulare?

What is the role of imaging studies in the workup of granuloma annulare?

What is the role of biopsy in the workup of granuloma annulare?

Which histologic findings are characteristic of incomplete granuloma annulare lesions?

Which histologic findings are characteristic of fully evolved granuloma annulare lesions?

Which histologic findings are characteristic of subcutaneous granuloma annulare lesions?

Which histologic findings are characteristic of actinic annulare?

Treatment

What are the treatment options for localized granuloma annulare?

What are the treatment options for generalized granuloma annulare?

What are the possible complications of granuloma annulare?

Medications

What therapies may be considered as initial approaches for localized granuloma annulare?

What are the initial treatment approaches for generalized granuloma annulare?

Which medications in the drug class Psoralen phototherapy agents are used in the treatment of Granuloma Annulare?

Which medications in the drug class Retinoids are used in the treatment of Granuloma Annulare?

Which medications in the drug class Corticosteroids are used in the treatment of Granuloma Annulare?