Schiffman E, Ohrbach R. Executive summary of the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders for clinical and research applications. J Am Dent Assoc. 2016 Jun. 147 (6):438-45. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Alstergren P, Benavente C, Kopp S. Interleukin-1beta, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, and interleukin-1 soluble receptor II in temporomandibular joint synovial fluid from patients with chronic polyarthritides. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2003 Oct. 61(10):1171-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Perri R, Huta V, Pinchuk L, Pinchuk C, Ostry DJ, Lund JP. Initial Investigation of the relation between extended computer use and temporomandibular joint disorders. J Can Dent Assoc. 2008 Sep. 74(7):643. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Rossetti LM, Pereira de Araujo Cdos R, Rossetti PH, Conti PC. Association between rhythmic masticatory muscle activity during sleep and masticatory myofascial pain: a polysomnographic study. J Orofac Pain. 2008 Summer. 22(3):190-200. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Sanders AE, Maixner W, Nackley AG, Diatchenko L, By K, Miller VE, et al. Excess risk of temporomandibular disorder associated with cigarette smoking in young adults. J Pain. 2012 Jan. 13(1):21-31. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Gonçalves DA, Camparis CM, Speciali JG, Franco AL, Castanharo SM, Bigal ME. Temporomandibular disorders are differentially associated with headache diagnoses: a controlled study. Clin J Pain. 2011 Sep. 27(7):611-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Graff-Radford SB, Abbott JJ. Temporomandibular Disorders and Headache. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2016 Aug. 28 (3):335-49. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Smith SB, Mir E, Bair E, Slade GD, Dubner R, Fillingim RB. Genetic Variants Associated With Development of TMD and Its Intermediate Phenotypes: The Genetic Architecture of TMD in the OPPERA Prospective Cohort Study. J Pain. 2013 Dec. 14(12 Suppl):T91-T101.e3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Porto De Toledo I, Stefani FM, Porporatti AL, Mezzomo LA, Peres MA, Flores-Mir C, et al. Prevalence of otologic signs and symptoms in adult patients with temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig. 2016 Aug 10. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Emshoff R, Jank S, Bertram S, Rudisch A, Bodner G. Disk displacement of the temporomandibular joint: sonography versus MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2002 Jun. 178(6):1557-62. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Tsiklakis K. Cone beam computed tomographic findings in temporomandibular joint disorders. Alpha Omegan. 2010 Jun. 103(2):68-78. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gauer RL, Semidey MJ. Diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular disorders. Am Fam Physician. 2015 Mar 15. 91 (6):378-86. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Borodic GE, Acquadro MA. The use of botulinum toxin for the treatment of chronic facial pain. J Pain. 2002 Feb. 3(1):21-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kurtoglu C, Gur OH, Kurkcu M, Sertdemir Y, Guler-Uysal F, Uysal H. Effect of botulinum toxin-A in myofascial pain patients with or without functional disc displacement. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008 Aug. 66(8):1644-51. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Schwartz M, Freund B. Treatment of temporomandibular disorders with botulinum toxin. Clin J Pain. 2002 Nov-Dec. 18(6 Suppl):S198-203. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Freund BJ, Schwartz M. Intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin as an adjunct to arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular joint: preliminary observations. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2003 Oct. 41(5):351-2. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
von Lindern JJ, Niederhagen B, Berge S. Type A botulinum toxin in the treatment of chronic facial pain associated with masticatory hyperactivity. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2003 Jul. 61(7):774-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Manfredini D, Piccotti F, Guarda-Nardini L. Hyaluronic acid in the treatment of TMJ disorders: a systematic review of the literature. Cranio. 2010 Jul. 28(3):166-76. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Colen S, Haverkamp D, Mulier M, van den Bekerom MP. Hyaluronic acid for the treatment of osteoarthritis in all joints except the knee: what is the current evidence?. BioDrugs. 2012. 26:101-12. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Rigon M, Pereira LM, Bortoluzzi MC, et al. Arthroscopy for temporomandibular disorders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 May 11. 5:CD006385. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Mercuri LG, Ali FA, Woolson R. Outcomes of total alloplastic replacement with periarticular autogenous fat grafting for management of reankylosis of the temporomandibular joint. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008 Sep. 66(9):1794-803. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Al-Jabrah OA, Al-Shumailan YR. Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder signs in patients with complete versus partial dentures. Clin Oral Investig. 2006 Sep. 10(3):167-73. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Andreu Y, Galdon MJ, Dura E, Ferrando M, Pascual J, Turk DC, et al. An examination of the psychometric structure of the Multidimensional Pain Inventory in temporomandibular disorder patients: a confirmatory factor analysis. Head Face Med. 2006 Dec 14. 2:48. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Arcan M, Zandman F. A method for in vivo quantitative occlusal strain and stress analysis. J Biomech. 1984. 17(2):67-79. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Baggi L, Rubino IA, Zanna V, Martignoni M. Personality disorders and regulative styles of patients with temporo-mandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome. Percept Mot Skills. 1995 Feb. 80(1):267-73. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Baltali E, Keller EE. Surgical management of advanced osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint with metal fossa-eminence hemijoint replacement: 10-year retrospective study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008 Sep. 66(9):1847-55. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Barkin S, Weinberg S. Internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint: the role of arthroscopic surgery and arthrocentesis. J Can Dent Assoc. 2000 Apr. 66(4):199-203. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Bedrune B, Jammet P, Chossegros C. [Temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction syndrome after whiplash injury. Medico-legal problems in common law]. Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac. 1992. 93(6):408-13. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Blanchard P, Scheffer P, Lerondeau JC. [Craniofacial architecture and temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction syndrome. The possibility of orthodontic treatment]. Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac. 1990. 91 Suppl 1:105-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Camparis CM, Formigoni G, Teixeira MJ, Bittencourt LR, Tufik S, de Siqueira JT. Sleep bruxism and temporomandibular disorder: Clinical and polysomnographic evaluation. Arch Oral Biol. 2006 Sep. 51(9):721-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Cascone P, Spallaccia F, Rivaroli A. [Arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular joint. Long-term results]. Minerva Stomatol. 1998 Apr. 47(4):149-57. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Chossegros C, Cheynet F, Blanc JL. [Diagnostic temporo-mandibular arthroscopy. Principle lesions, apropos of 50 case reports]. Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac. 1991. 92(3):141-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Costen JB. A syndrome of ear and sinus symptoms dependent upon disturbed function of the temporomandibular joint. 1934. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1997 Oct. 106(10 Pt 1):805-19. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Cox KW. Temporomandibular disorder and new aural symptoms. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008 Apr. 134(4):389-93. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Cros P, Freidel M, Borie J. [15 years of treatment of temporomandibular joint algo-dysfunctional syndromes]. Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac. 1989. 90(6):409-14. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
da Cunha SC, Nogueira RV, Duarte AP, Vasconcelos BC, Almeida Rde A. Analysis of helkimo and craniomandibular indexes for temporomandibular disorder diagnosis on rheumatoid arthritis patients. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2007 Jan-Feb. 73(1):19-26. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
de Filippis C, Osti L, Osti R. [Algodystrophic syndrome of the temporo-mandibular joint: a clinical experience]. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 1998 Apr. 18(2):111-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Diatchenko L, Slade GD, Nackley AG. Genetic basis for individual variations in pain perception and the development of a chronic pain condition. Hum Mol Genet. 2005 Jan 1. 14(1):135-43. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Esposito CJ, Panucci PJ, Farman AG. Associations in 425 patients having temporomandibular disorders. J Ky Med Assoc. 2000 May. 98(5):213-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Ey-Chmielewska H. [An attempt to use ultrasonic technique for confirming the diagnosis, planning and observation of long-term treatment results of painful temporo-mandibular joint dysfunction]. Ann Acad Med Stetin. 1998. 44:223-36. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Fassauer H, Bethmann W, Begemeier I. [Diseases of the temporomandibular joint--a clinical statistical study]. Stomatol DDR. 1977 Jun. 27(6):359-67. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Ferrari R, Schrader H, Obelieniene D. Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders associated with whiplash injury in Lithuania. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1999 Jun. 87(6):653-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gallucci M, Bozzao A, Splendiani A. [Magnetic resonance in condylo-meniscal incoordination pathology of the temporomandibular joint. Indications, diagnostic accuracy and optimization of study techniques]. Radiol Med (Torino). 1991 Apr. 81(4):404-11. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gatchel RJ, Stowell AW, Buschang P. The relationships among depression, pain, and masticatory functioning in temporomandibular disorder patients. J Orofac Pain. 2006 Fall. 20(4):288-96. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gatchel RJ, Stowell AW, Wildenstein L, Riggs R, Ellis E 3rd. Efficacy of an early intervention for patients with acute temporomandibular disorder-related pain: a one-year outcome study. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006 Mar. 137(3):339-47. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Glaros AG. Temporomandibular disorders and facial pain: a psychophysiological perspective. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2008 Sep. 33(3):161-71. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Goddard G. Controversies in TMD. J Calif Dent Assoc. 1998 Nov. 26(11):827-32. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Granat O, Pharaboz C, Gerber S. [The diagnostic importance of different imaging technics in temporomandibular joint dysfunction]. Actual Odontostomatol (Paris). 1989 Sep. 43(167):417-32. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Huang GJ, Rue TC. Third-molar extraction as a risk factor for temporomandibular disorder. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006 Nov. 137(11):1547-54. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Irving J, Wood GD, Hackett AF. Does temporomandibular disorder pain dysfunction syndrome affect dietary intake?. Dent Update. 1999 Nov. 26(9):405-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Janson M, Janson G, Sant'Ana E, Nakamura A, de Freitas MR. Segmental LeFort I osteotomy for treatment of a Class III malocclusion with temporomandibular disorder. J Appl Oral Sci. 2008 Jul-Aug. 16(4):302-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Jedel E, Carlsson J, Stener-Victorin E. Health-related quality of life in child patients with temporomandibular disorder pain. Eur J Pain. 2007 Jul. 11(5):557-63. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Losapio PL, Amaddeo P. [A case of true congenital temporo-mandibular ankylosis]. Minerva Stomatol. 1989 May. 38(5):505-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Medlicott MS, Harris SR. A systematic review of the effectiveness of exercise, manual therapy, electrotherapy, relaxation training, and biofeedback in the management of temporomandibular disorder. Phys Ther. 2006 Jul. 86(7):955-73. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Meng QG, Long X. A hypothetical biological synovial fluid for treatment of temporomandibular joint disease. Med Hypotheses. 2008. 70(4):835-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Modica R, Mongini F. [Limitations in the opening of the mouth of an arthrogenic nature]. Minerva Stomatol. 1975 Jul-Dec. 24(4):163-76. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Ojima K, Watanabe N, Narita N, Narita M. Temporomandibular disorder is associated with a serotonin transporter gene polymorphism in the Japanese population. Biopsychosoc Med. 2007 Jan 10. 1:3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Okeson JP, de Kanter RJ. Temporomandibular disorders in the medical practice. J Fam Pract. 1996 Oct. 43(4):347-56. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Ortega AO, Guimaraes AS, Ciamponi AL, Marie SK. Frequency of temporomandibular disorder signs in individuals with cerebral palsy. J Oral Rehabil. 2008 Mar. 35(3):191-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Plesh O, Crawford PB, Gansky SA. Chronic pain in a biracial population of young women. Pain. 2002 Oct. 99(3):515-23. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Reissmann DR, John MT, Schierz O, Wassell RW. Functional and psychosocial impact related to specific temporomandibular disorder diagnoses. J Dent. 2007 Aug. 35(8):643-50. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Reissmann DR, John MT, Wassell RW, Hinz A. Psychosocial profiles of diagnostic subgroups of temporomandibular disorder patients. Eur J Oral Sci. 2008 Jun. 116(3):237-44. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Sasaki J, Ariji Y, Sakuma S, et al. Ultrasonography as a tool for evaluating treatment of the masseter muscle in temporomandibular disorder patients with myofascial pain. Oral Radiol. 2006. 22:52-7.
Scutellari PN, Orzincolo C, Ceruti S. [The temporo-mandibular joint in pathologic conditions: rheumatoid arthritis and seronegative spondyloarthritis]. Radiol Med (Torino). 1993 Oct. 86(4):456-66. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Seligman DA, Pullinger AG. Dental attrition models predicting temporomandibular joint disease or masticatory muscle pain versus asymptomatic controls. J Oral Rehabil. 2006 Nov. 33(11):789-99. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Soudant J, Lamas G. [Surgical treatment of temporomandibular joint dysfunctions by Myrhaug's technic. Apropos 60 interventions]. Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac. 1987. 88(3):208-12. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Speculand B, Goss AN, Hughes A. Temporo-mandibular joint dysfunction: pain and illness behaviour. Pain. 1983 Oct. 17(2):139-50. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Stam HJ, McGrath PA, Brooke RI. The effects of a cognitive-behavioral treatment program on temporo-mandibular pain and dysfunction syndrome. Psychosom Med. 1984 Nov-Dec. 46(6):534-45. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Tosato Jde P, Caria PH. Electromyographic activity assessment of individuals with and without temporomandibular disorder symptoms. J Appl Oral Sci. 2007 Apr. 15(2):152-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Truelove E, Huggins KH, Mancl L, Dworkin SF. The efficacy of traditional, low-cost and nonsplint therapies for temporomandibular disorder: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006 Aug. 137(8):1099-107; quiz 1169. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Tschopp K, Bachmann R. [Temporomandibular myoarthropathy syndrome--a frequent cause of facial pain]. Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 1992 Apr 7. 81(15):468-72. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Tsuyama M, Kondoh T, Seto K. Complications of temporomandibular joint arthroscopy: a retrospective analysis of 301 lysis and lavage procedures performed using the triangulation technique. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000 May. 58(5):500-5; discussion 505-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Turner JA, Mancl L, Aaron LA. Short- and long-term efficacy of brief cognitive-behavioral therapy for patients with chronic temporomandibular disorder pain: a randomized, controlled trial. Pain. 2006 Apr. 121(3):181-94. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Uhac I, Kovac Z, Muhvic-Urek M, Kovacevic D, Franciskovic T, Simunovic-Soskic M. The prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in war veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. Mil Med. 2006 Nov. 171(11):1147-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Valle-Corotti K, Pinzan A, Valle CV, Nahás AC, Corotti MV. Assessment of temporomandibular disorder and occlusion in treated class III malocclusion patients. J Appl Oral Sci. 2007 Apr. 15(2):110-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Wadhwa S, Kapila S. TMJ disorders: future innovations in diagnostics and therapeutics. J Dent Educ. 2008 Aug. 72(8):930-47. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Wakita T, Mogi M, Kurita K, Kuzushima M, Togari A. Increase in RANKL: OPG ratio in synovia of patients with temporomandibular joint disorder. J Dent Res. 2006 Jul. 85(7):627-32. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Zajko J, Satko I, Hirjak D. [Treatment of dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint by an occlusion splint]. Prakt Zubn Lek. 1990 Jun. 38(5):151-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].