Vitamins, Water-Soluble
Class Summary
Improvement has been seen in the small number of individual patients who received treatments that included at least 1 agent in this drug category.
Thiamine
Thiamine is a water-soluble vitamin that combines with adenosine triphosphate to form the coenzyme thiamine pyrophosphate, which is necessary for carbohydrate metabolism. The B vitamins are readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract (except in cases of malabsorption syndromes). Alcohol inhibits the absorption of thiamine, which occurs primarily in the duodenum.
Immunosuppressants
Class Summary
Improvement has been seen in the small number of individual patients who received treatments that included at least 1 agent in this drug category.
Methylprednisolone (Depo-Medrol, Medrol, Solu-Medrol)
Methylprednisolone may decrease inflammation by reversing increased capillary permeability and suppressing polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocyte activity.
Antiparkinson Agents
Class Summary
Improvement has been seen in the small number of individual patients who received treatments that included at least 1 agent in this drug category.
Amantadine
Amantadine inhibits N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor-mediated stimulation of acetylcholine release in rat striatum. Amantadine may enhance dopamine release, inhibit dopamine reuptake, stimulate postsynaptic dopamine receptors, or enhance dopamine receptor sensitivity.
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T2-weighted axial image in a patient with Marchiafava-Bignami disease showing a high-signal lesion in the corpus callosum.
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Sagittal fluid attenuation and inversion recovery image displaying central hypointensity (suggesting cavitation) with surrounding hyperintense rim (active inflammation) (white arrowheads) involving the genu, body, and splenium of corpus callosum. Courtesy of Case Reports in Radiology, Hindawi Publishing Corp.